Sotsji - Sochi

Sotsji (Russies: Со́чи, SO-chee) is een van die suidelikste plekke van Rusland en die tweede grootste stad van Krasnodar Krai, met 'n bevolking van 415,000. Dit is langs die Swartkus, ongeveer 1600 km suid van Moskou. In 2014 was dit gasheer vir die Olimpiese en Paralimpiese Spele in die winter, en in 2018 was dit gasheer vir sokkerwedstryde (sokker) in die FIFA Wêreldbeker.

Verstaan

Sotsji word dikwels die nie-amptelike 'Somerhoofstad' van Rusland, of die Swart See-pêrel, genoem. Dit is die land se grootste en besigste somersee-oord, en lok jaarliks ​​meer as 4 miljoen besoekers met sy ongelooflike bergagtige kuslyn, eindelose strandstrande, warm sonskyndae en die bruisende naglewe. Van Mei tot September verdubbel die bevolking van Sotsji ten minste met toeriste, waaronder bekendes en politieke elite van die land.

As gevolg van Russiese visakoste en -vereistes, is slegs 3 persent van die besoekers se besoekers internasionale reisigers. Die bekendste buitelandse besoeker aan Sotsji, nie-politikus, was miskien Bono, wat in 2010 genooi is om 'n bietjie by President Medvedev se woning deur te bring. Maar in die algemeen bly die stad 'n baie binnelandse bestemming, met 'n gebrek aan toepaslike internasionale infrastruktuur en dieselfde taal versperring die meeste streeksentrums van Rusland.

Nog 'n paradoks van Sotsji is dat die stad, wat altyd geassosieer word met nasionale mentaliteit met suide, palms en warm klimaat, die Olimpiese Winter-bod in 2014 gewen het. Hierdie verskynsel sal die Russe waarskynlik nooit heeltemal verstaan ​​nie: elke plek in die land het 'n regte winter, maar Sotsji? Die antwoorde is die afwesigheid van harde ryp en die baie belowende Alpe-oord Krasnaya Polyana in die stadsgebied. 'N Minder pragmatiese verklaring is die gelukkige lot van Sotsji. Die bekendste Russiese gesegde oor die stad is 'As ek die kaarte kon lees, sou ek in Sotsji woon' (Знал бы прикуп - жил бы в Сочи). Hierdie spreekwoord, afgelei van die kaartspel Preference, toon die assosiasie van Sotsji en sy inwoners met geluk, boonop, met 'n toevallige en onvoorspelbare geluk.

Wel, miskien sal so 'n Olimpiese geluk die stad help om buite die landsgrense te reik en 'n ware wêreldwye plek te word. Sotsji het baie aantreklikhede om aan te bied vir almal wat van die natuur, sport, geskiedenis en sonstrand ontspanning hou. Hierdie Swart See-parel wag nog om ontdek te word.

Geskiedenis

Die gebied van die huidige Sotsji was duisende jare bewoon, bevolk deur Kaukasiese bergagtige stamme en onder die invloed en heerskappy van antieke Griekse, Romeinse, Bisantynse, Abchasiese en Ottomaanse beskawings. 'N Paar landmerke van voorgaande beskawings het oorgebly, waaronder die tafelstene uit die Bronstydperk en Middeleeuse Bisantynse tempels.

Die Russiese Ryk het hierdie lande in die begin van die 19de eeu genader, en na 'n oorlog met die Ottomaanse Ryk het hulle dit in 1829 verkry. Kort daarna, in 1838, het die Russiese owerhede die fort Alexandrië gevestig op die plek van die moderne Sentrale Sotsji Nog 2 forte in die moderne Lazarevskoe-distrik van die stad. Alexandrië is verskeie kere hernoem en het uiteindelik die naam Sochi (met die naam van 'n plaaslike rivier) in 1896 gekry.

In die begin van die 20ste eeu het Sotsji bekend geword as 'n oord. In 1902 is die eerste badgebou in Matsesta gebou en in 1909 is die amptelike oord met die naam "Kaukasiese Riviera" oop. Vlak voor die rewolusie in 1917 het Sotsji sy stadstatus gekry en terselfdertyd verbind die spoorweg dit met die res van Rusland. Maar die gereelde treindiens het eers 6 jaar later begin, nadat die Russiese burgeroorlog met die Bolsjewiste se oorwinning geëindig het. Die stad het redelik stadig gegroei (van 13 000 in 1916 tot 17 000 in 1932).

Die situasie het in 1934 verander toe 'n algemene rekonstruksie van Sotsji deur die regering van Stalin begin is. Slegs 7 jaar van 1932 tot 1939 het die stad se bevolking die hoogte ingeskiet van 17 000 tot 72 000. Nuwe paaie, teaters, parke, hotelle en spa-oorde is gebou, wat die voorkoms van Sotsji nader aan wat vandag gesien kan word.

In 1961 het owerhede besluit om naburige nedersettings in Sotsji op te neem, wat die begin van die geskiedenis van Groter Sotsji (Большой Сочи) gegee het.

Nadat die Sowjetunie in duie gestort het, het Sotsji die rol van die Russiese president se tradisionele somerwoning oorgeneem Krim, aangesien dit 'n deel van die onafhanklike geword het Oekraïne.

In 2007 het die stad 'n nuwe hoofstuk in sy geskiedenis geopen deur die bod van die Olimpiese gasheerstad van 2014 te wen. Die hoeveelheid konstruksiewerk is groot, insluitend nuwe infrastruktuur (paaie, sanitasie, lug- en seehawens, ens.), Sportlokale ( sowel binne as buite), kommersiële en residensiële geboue. Die nuwe voorkoms van Sotsji het die kenmerke van eens 'n Sowjet-binnelandse oord begin verander.

Klimaat

Sotsji behoort tot daardie klein deel van Rusland, wat gelukkig in die subtropiese klimaatsone geleë is. In teenstelling met die Mediterreense klimaat, het Sochi 'n baie hoë humiditeitsvlak, soos in Abchasië of in sommige VSA state (bv. Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, en Georgië). Ondanks hoë neerslae geniet Sotsji jaarliks ​​300 sonnige dae, wat ongelooflik is vir enige ander deel van Rusland, behalwe die buurland Krasnodar Krai kusstede. Dit maak byna die hele jaarmaande gemaklik om Sotsji te besoek, behalwe miskien November, Desember en Januarie.

Die meeste neerslae val gedurende die winter, gedeeltelik in sneeu, maar daar is gewoonlik geen gereelde sneeubedekking in die kusgedeelte van die stad nie. Sochians gebruik selde winterbande, so elke swaar sneeuval kom onvoorspelbaar vir bestuurders. Die klimaat in die bergagtige deel van Groter Sotsji is aansienlik kouer, wat 'n volle ski-seisoen in die winter (gewoonlik Februarie en Maart) moontlik maak. Danksy Krasnaya Polyana is dit vinnig besig om as 'n winteroord te ontwikkel en het gedurende die Olimpiese Winterspele in 2014 alle buitelugkompetisies aangebied.

Die tydperk van lente is redelik kort en word gekenmerk deur tuine wat blom (begin gewoonlik in Maart, selfs al is die temperatuur laer as in Februarie). Dit is 'n gemaklike seisoen met minder reën, maar steeds met die koue see.

Sotsji somer kan geassosieer word met die swemseisoen, wat gewoonlik van middel Mei tot einde Oktober duur. Dit is die ware hoogseisoen met sy toeristiese hoogtepunt in Julie-Augustus. In September en Oktober lok die stad minder besoekers, deels weens die begin van die skooljaar. Hierdie twee maande, wanneer die Swart See nog warm is, lug nie baie warm is nie en strate nie vol toeriste se skare is nie, blyk dit die lekkerste tyd te wees om Sotsji te besoek. Hierdie periode word smoothy season ("бархатный сезон") genoem.

Die buiteseisoen herfs, wat einde Oktober na Sotsji kom, is warm, maar met meer bewolkte dae en reën. Aan die einde van November daal die daaglikse gemiddelde temperatuur onder 10 ° C.

Etnisiteite en godsdienste

Sotsji is een van die mees multinasionale stede in Rusland met mense van meer as 100 etniese groepe wat daar woon. Die meeste van hulle is etniese Russe (68%), die belangrike minderhede is Armeniërs, Oekraïners, Georgiërs, Grieke, Circassiërs, Belo-Russe, Tatare en Jode.

Russies is die oorheersende taal wat byna almal in die stad praat, insluitend byna alle minderhede, maar baie plaaslike plekname kom van Abchasiese en Circassiese tale. Die mees gebruikte is onder meer "pse" / "psh" / "psta" (water), "akh" (hoog), en "nykh" (heilig).

Die grootste deel van die inwoners van Sotsji is Ortodokse Christene (80%). Daar is ook Moslems (5%), Katolieke en Jode. Ortodokse katedrale word in al die dele van die stad verteenwoordig. Die enigste Katolieke katedraal in Sentraal-Sotsji is in 1997 gebou (die meeste kerkgangers is Katolieke Armeniërs). Daar is ook 'n moskee, hoewel 'n baie klein en afgeleë (in die Tkhagapsh-gemeenskap, 15 km vanaf Lazarevskoe na die berge). Die stadsowerhede beplan om teen 2014 'n nuwe moskee en 'n sinagoge te bou.

Oriëntasie

Groter Sotsji beslaan 105 km langs die Swart See-kuslyn. Die totale oppervlakte is 3 500 km² (drie keer so groot as Moskou). Die grootste deel van die bevolking is egter verspreid langs die smal kusstreep, terwyl die berggebied (1900 vierkante km) meestal tot Sotsji Nasionale Park en deels aan Kaukasiese biosfeerreservaat. Die stadsbelyning is van noordwes tot suidoos, van die naburige stad Tuapse regs na die Russiese grens met Abchasië.

Groter Sotsji het 4 administratiewe distrikte. Sentraal-Sotsji-distrik is die kern van die stad en sy mees ontwikkelde en bevolkte deel. Baie van die stad se besienswaardighede, hotelle en die meeste winkelsentrums is daar. Gedurende die somer is Sentraal-Sotsji gewoonlik oorvol en verkeer. Lazarevskoye-distrik is die grootste (1744 km²) en die langste (65 km-kuslyn) een onder Sotsji-distrikte, bevat 34 sub-distrikte, waarvan die meeste langs die seestrand versprei is. Lazarevskoe-distrik is minder verstedelik as ander in Groter Sotsji. In werklikheid het dit baie verskillende nedersettings, wat dikwels swak met mekaar verbind is en sonder basiese infrastruktuur. Khosta Distrik is in die suidooste van Sentraal-Sochi, hierdie distrik bevat 'n paar belangrike besienswaardighede, soos Akhun-berg. Adler-distrik is die belangrikste vervoersentrum van die stad, wat die Internasionale lughawe Sotsji, die Adler-treinsterminal (laaste punt vir die meeste treine na Groter Sotsji) insluit en die enigste oop grensoorgang met Abchasië. Die rol van Adler neem nou vinnig toe omdat hy al die Olimpiese lokale vir die 2014-spele sal huisves (die Olimpiese kusgroep by Imeretinskaya-laagland en die berggroep op Krasnaya Polyana). Teen 2014 het die voorkoms van Imeretinskaya-laagland en Krasnaya Polyana drasties verander, sowel as die plaaslike vervoerinfrastruktuur.

Die bes ontwikkelde, verstedelikte en monolitiese deel van Groter Sotsji is die kuslyn tussen Dagomys (suid-oos van die distrik Lazarevskoe) en die Imeretinskaya-laagland van die distrik Adler.

Geld

Soos elders in Rusland, is die Russiese roebel (RUB) is die enigste geldeenheid wat amptelik in die stad aanvaar word. Geldwisseling is nie 'n probleem nie, maar gebruik slegs amptelike balies by banke en vermy mense wat u ruil by groot vervoersentrums aanbied. Volgens die Russiese wetgewing is paspoort nodig vir uitruiloperasies.

Sotsji het baie kitsbanke, veral in Sentraal-Sotsji en Adler. U mag nie net roebels trek nie, maar ook dollars of euro by sommige daarvan (ongeveer 10% van alle kitsbanke). Neem in ag dat Visa en MasterCard wydverspreid in Rusland is, maar American Express-kaarte word gewoonlik selfs nie by groot toeristeplekke aanvaar nie. Verwag ook moontlike probleme met die betaling van kaartjies by klein winkels of restaurante en by klein privaat hotelle. Hou kontant by u vir sulke gevalle.

Gaan in

Sotsji is een van die verskillende Russiese hawens, waar internasionale toeriste tot 72 uur die visumvrye toegang het (slegs van toepassing op cruiseschepen en passasiers op die veerboot). Kontroleer die beperkings en vereistes noukeurig voordat dit gebruik word.

Vir ander buitelandse besoekers standaard Russiese visumvereistes toepas.

Met die vliegtuig

• 43.4539.9566671 Sotsji Internasionale Lughawe (AER ^IATA) (in Adler distrik, reg op pad na Krasnaya Polyana). Sotsji se primêre poort. Dit is heeltemal herbou tydens die voorbereiding op die Olimpiese Spele in 2014. Die vlugskedule verskil na gelang van die seisoen met die hoogste aantal vlugte in Mei-September. In die winter is vlugvertragings moontlik weens weerstoestande. Alternatiewelik, Krasnodar of Gelendzhik lughawens gebruik kan word.  

Internasionale vlugte

Daar is gereelde lugverbindings met Wene (Austrian Airlines), Istanbul (Turkish Airlines), en Tel Aviv (Rossiya Airlines).

Voormalige lande van die Sowjetunie is ook verbonde aan Sotsji:

Jerevan, Armenië (Ural Airlines), Minsk, Wit-Rusland (Belavia), Cishinau, Moldawië (Lug Moldawië), Tasjkent, Oesbekistan (Rossiya), en Dushanbe, Tadjikistan (Tajik Air).

Binnelandse vlugte

Verskeie vlugte per dag verbind Sotsji met Moskou en Saint Petersburg. Ander groot stede van Rusland, soos Kazan, Krasnodar, Krasnojarsk, Perm, Rostov aan die Don, Samara, Jekaterinburg en ander is ook per lugverbinding met Sotsji.

Sleutel draers:

• Lugdiens - vlugte na Sotsji vanaf die lughawe Sheremetyevo, Moskou
• Nordavia - vlugte vanaf Arkhangelsk
• S7 - vlugte na Sotsji vanaf die Domodedovo-lughawe, Moskou
• Sky Express - binnelandse afslag, vlugte na Sotsji vanaf die Vnukovo-lughawe, Moskou
• Utair - vlugte vanaf Tyumen, Ufa en Surgut
• Yakutia - vlugte vanaf Jakoetsk

Lughawe-oordrag

Met die bus / marshrutka:

• 51 - van die lughawe na Adler (sentrale mark)
• 105, 124 - van die lughawe na die sentrale spoorwegstasie in Sotsji
• 135 - van die lughawe na Krasnaya Polyana

Per taxi:

Taxi-diens op die lughawe is chaoties, taxibestuurders kan selde Engels praat en die verklaarde prys vir 'n rit kan onvoldoende wees. Bespreek vooraf taxi's of hoteloordragte om u te beskerm. Die prys wissel baie, afhangende van die distrik waarheen u gaan.

• Sky Express Taxi (slegs lughawe-oordragte), ☏ 7 8622 358-100. SkyExpress-afslagvliegdiens bied die lughawe-taxi-oordrag aan as aanvulling op ander vliegdienste (verwag nie afslagpryse daarvoor nie). 
• Taxi Galant (slegs lughawe-oordragte), ☏ 7 918 101 0342. Vervoer vanaf die Sochi Internasionale lughawe na enige deel van Groter Sochi en terug. Bestel vooraf, minstens 2 uur, of beter een dag voor die rit. 

Per spoor:

Russiese spoorwegonderneming het 'n tweerigting-spoorweg na die Sochi-lughawe voltooi, en dit is die maklikste manier om vanaf die lughawe na Sochi Adler te kom. Kaartjies is redelik goedkoop en die trein ry ongeveer elke uur.

Met die trein

Sotsji het twee groot spoorterminale in Sentraal-Sotsji en Adler. Die meeste treine stop egter kort by klein transito-stasies van Groot Sotsji: Lazarevskaya, Loo, Dagomys, Matsesta en Khosta. Kaartjies kan via gekoop word Russiese spoorwegwebwerf, by RZD-toonbanke, of via reisagentskappe. RZD open kaartjieverkope 45 dae voor die rit. Bespreek vooraf gedurende die hoogseisoen.

Daar is gereelde treinverbindings met belangrike stede in Rusland, en ook met groot stede in Wit-Rusland en Oekraïne. Die jaarbestemmings sluit in:

Internasionaal:

• Kiev, Oekraïne (30 uur)
• Minsk en Gomel, Wit-Rusland (34-39 uur)
• Kaliningrad (64 uur, via Vilnius, Litaue)
• Sukhum, Abchasië (vanaf Adler-stasie, 5 uur)

Binnelandse:

• Moskou (25-28 uur, spoedtreine en 15 uur roete word beplan om teen die Olimpiese Spele in 2014 bekendgestel te word)
• Saint Petersburg (40-49 uur)
• Tsjeljabinsk (64 uur)
• Kazan (49 uur)
• Krasnodar (6-7 uur)
• Krasnojarsk (95 uur)
• Novosibirsk (81 uur)
• Perm (68 uur)
• Rostov aan die Don (14 uur)
• Samara (43 uur)
• Saratov (32 uur)

Gedurende die hoogseisoen (Mei tot September) neem die aantal treine en die verskeidenheid bestemmings dramaties toe.

Met die motor

Die M4 / E115-pad verbind Sochi met Moskou (1660 km) via Voronezh (1150 km), Rostov aan die Don (570 km) en Krasnodar (300 km).

Die kwaliteit van hierdie besige pad verskil van 'n smal slang tot 'n snelweg, afhangende van die gedeelte, en sal die afgelope jare verbeter. Normaalweg neem dit 2 dae om die stad vanaf te bereik Moskou en 5-9 uur vanaf Krasnodar, afhangende van die verkeer.

Om vanaf Europa na Sotsji te gaan, kan u deurgangspaaie gebruik Oekraïne of Turkye. In die laaste geval kan 'n motor vanaf Sochi oorgeplaas word Trabzon per veerboot. Betree Sochi via Georgië en Abchasië is onmoontlik omdat die grens tussen hierdie twee lande gesluit is.

Met die bus

Sotsji se hoofbusterminaal is naby die hooftreinterminal in Sentraal-Sotsji. Die tweede belangrike terminale is in Adler.

Internasionale roetebestemmings:

• Chişinău, Moldawië (30 uur, behalwe Vrydae en Sondae)
• Odessa, Oekraïne (27 uur, weekliks teen Sondae)
• Sukhum, Abchasië (4,5 uur, 3 keer per dag)

Belangrikste binnelandse roetebestemmings:

• Anapa (10 uur, daagliks)
• Astrakhan (26,5 uur, daagliks)
• Krasnodar (8 uur, 2 keer per dag)
• Maykop (8 uur, 2 keer per dag)
• Makhachkala (27 uur, daagliks)
• Nalchik (17,5 uur, daagliks)
• Novorossiysk (8,5 uur, daagliks)
• Rostov aan die Don (12,5 uur, onewe dae)
• Stavropol (14 uur, 2 keer per dag)

Per boot

Om met 'n cruiseskip of met 'n gewone veerboot na Sotsji te gaan, kan 'n aantreklike geleentheid wees om Rusland te besoek sonder visum. Passasiers word toegelaat om tot 72 uur op Russiese gebied te bly as hulle by die cruiseskip of by die hotel woon, wat gereël word vir hierdie spesifieke toeristeprogram vir groepe.

Dit is nie verbasend dat tot dusver die meeste internasionale toeriste na Sotsji kom nie deur cruiseschepe (kyk asseblief na die reisplan).

Die seehawe van Sotsji het verskeie gereelde internasionale roetes, hoofsaaklik in die periode van Mei tot Oktober:

• Vinnige veerboot van Trabzon, Turkye - 3,5 uur, Mei tot Oktober, 2 keer per week
• Van Batumi, Georgië - 4,5 uur, daagliks, slegs oop vir burgers van Rusland, Georgië, en GOS lande.

Veerbootkaartjies vanaf Sotsji kan gewoonlik slegs 1 dag voor vertrek in die hawe gekoop word.

Daar is ook gereelde skeepsverbindings met naburige stede van Novorossiysk, Tuapse en Gagra, Abchasië.

Kry rond

Te voet

Binne Sentraal-Sotsji is die meeste afstande loopbaar, met inagneming van die heuwelagtige landskap en toepaslike fisieke inspanning.

Ander distrikte van die stad het belangrike ruimtes tussen hul dele, dus is dit beter om vervoer te gebruik om byvoorbeeld vanaf Matsesta aan Kudepsta of van Loo aan Lazarevskoe. Om tussen distrikte en subdistrikte van Groter Sotsji te loop, is gewoonlik ook nie gerieflik nie weens 'n gebrek aan sypaadjies, heuwelagtige terrein en intensiewe verkeer.

Dit mag lyk asof die stad langs die seekus lang promenades moet hê. Trouens, die grootste deel van die kusruimte agter die strand word deur die spoorlyn geneem. Dus, die enigste regte promenade is tussen Riviera Park en Dendrarium van Central Sochi. Die ander een is in aanbou in die Olimpiese Park van Adler.

As gevolg van die toeristebesonderhede van Sotsji, is die gebruiklike benadering om die afstand in meter vanaf die strand te meet. Dit kan 'n slegte grap speel: u kan u bevind in 'n hotel of woonstel naby die see, maar ver weg van enige infrastruktuur en vervoer. Wees dus oplettend tydens die bespreking.

Met die bus / marshrutka

In teenstelling met ander Russiese stede van dieselfde grootte, het Sotsji geen trems of trollies nie. Die aanvanklike busvervoerstelsel na die ineenstorting van Soviet Unie is gedoop met kleiner privaat busse en marshrutka (minibusse). Die laaste kategorie dupliseer meestal die bestaande busroetes met enkele klein, maar dikwels nuttige toevoegings. Die diens is redelik gereeld en relatief goedkoop, wat dit die gewildste manier van vervoer in Sotsji maak.

Die belangrikste bus- / marshrutka-roetes in die stad is:

• 3K - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal na Matsesta
• 12 - van Bytkha aan Matsesta
• 17 - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal na Novaya Zarya (ringroete van Sentraal Sotsji)
• 22K - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal na Bytkha
• 36 - vanaf die seehawe van Sotsji tot Mamayka
• 47K - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal na Transportnaya straat (Olymp Mall)
• 57 - vanaf Adler treinstasie na Imeretinskaya Laagland en Vesyoloe (tot by die grens met Abchasië)
• 64 - van Mamayka aan Kudepsta via Central Sochi, Matsesta en Khosta
• 99 - van Sochi-treinstasie tot Vinogradnaya-straat (ringroete van Sentraal-Sochi)
• 105 - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal via Matsesta, Khosta en Adler sub-distrikte na Sotsji Internasionale Lughawe, dan aan Alpika-diens deel van Krasnaya Polyana. Die 105K bus ry slegs lughawe toe.
• 106 - vanaf Sochi treinstasie na Forelplaas via Sotsji Internasionale Lughawe
• 125 - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal na Imeretinskaya Laagland via Matsesta, Khosta en Adler
• 130 - vanaf Adler treinstasie na Forelplaas
• 135 - van Adler (mark) tot Krasnaya Polyana
• 155 - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal na Lazarevskoe via die meeste sub-distrikte van die Lazarevskoe-distrik (Dagomys, Vardane, Loo, ens.)
• 167 - vanaf die sentrale busterminaal na Adler (mark / Novy Vek Mall)

Bus- / marshrutka-nommers van 1 tot 99 beteken dat die tarief vir die hele ritafstand vasgestel word. Getalle vanaf 100 het 'n buigsame tariefstelsel, afhangende van die reisafstand.

Met die trein

Die 100 km lengte van Groter Sotsji maak die treine een van die vinnigste en mees geskikte vervoer om tussen die stadsdistrikte te reis. Sotsji het voorheen die enigste baan op 'n belangrike deel van die roete gehad Tuapse en Abchasië, kralewerk 5 groot stasies, 4 minderjarige en 28 platforms binne die metropolitaanse gebied. Voorbereiding vir die Olimpiese Spele in 2014 het Russian Railways (RZD) twee nuwe lyne gebou wat Adler, die Internasionale Lughawe, Imeretinskaya-laagland en die Krasnaya Polyana-streek verbind, met 'n totale lengte van 48 km met 5 nuwe stasies.

Pendeltreine van Sotsji is voortdurend aan die verbeter en verbeter vanaf die standaard Russies elektrichki aan moderne en gemaklike mense. Die meeste van hulle gaan van Adler (of van die sentrale terminale in Sotsji) na Tuapse of Goryachy Klyuch en terug. Een of twee treine ry daagliks na Krasnodar en Maykop. Eenrigtingkaartjie vir 'n rit in 'n ou trein (elektrichka) van Sotsji na Lazarevskoe het 'n reistyd van 1 uur en 45 minute. 'N Rit met 'n nuwe pendeltrein het 'n reistyd van 50 tot 70 minute. Verwag 40% meer te betaal as u van Adler na Lazarevskoe gaan (reistyd is 2 uur 20 minute vir 'n gewone ou trein).

Terwyl die somer warm seisoen meer interstreekse treine na Sotsji bring, neem die aantal plaaslike pendeltreine vir daardie tydperk af. Daar is dus net 6 plaaslike treine gedurende die jaar (16 buite die seisoen). Die goeie nuus is dat elke langafstandtrein ook by die stasies Adler, Khosta, Sotsji, Loo en Lazarevskaya sal stop, en dit is dus moontlik om met hierdie treine die stad binne te reis. Die slegte nuus is dat u 'n paspoort nodig het elke keer as u 'n langafstandtreinkaartjie koop.

Met die taxi

Soos gewoonlik in RuslandAs u u hand op straat uitsteek, sal dit 'n aantal motors lok wat bereid is om op u rit te verdien, en slegs 'n paar van hulle sal taxi's hê. Sulke nie-amptelike vervoer is steeds gewild in die land, omdat dit gewoonlik goedkoper en vinniger is as amptelike taxidienste. In dieselfde tyd is dit minder veilig, motors minder gemaklik ens.

U sal skaars Engelssprekende taxibestuurders in Sotsji kry. Dus, tensy jy 'n bietjie avontuurlustig of vertroud is met Russies, word dit sterk aanbeveel om bemiddelaars soos hotelontvangsdame te gebruik om 'n rit te reël.

Selfs amptelike dienste gebruik selde meters, en meet die tarief meer gereeld op die tydstip of met vaste pryse. Hou kontant by u, want slegs enkele dienste aanvaar kredietkaarte.

• Nuwe geel taxi (Новое Желтое Такси), Sentraal - Pirogovastraat, 26, ☏ 7 8622 90 3333. 'N Betroubare taxidiens wat in Moskou, Saint Petersburg en Sotsji, met behulp van taximeters. Hulle geel taxi's is maklik om te herken. 
• Taxi Kapriz, ☏ 7 8622 369-360, 7 988 502-90-60. Ekonomieklas-motors stel hierdie verskaffer in staat om goedkoper pryse vir sommige gewilde bestemmings te bepaal. 
• Taxi Kruiz, ☏ 7 918 340-9819, 7 963 160-7800. Slegs motors met lugversorging. 'N Rit kan per telefoon of via die webwerf gereël word. 
• Taxi Nika, ☏ 7 8622 330 330. 'N Ietwat duur diens met nuwe Renault Logan-motors. 
• Taxi Sochi, ☏ 7 963 163 0603. Taxi-diens met kwitansies gegee en kredietkaarte aanvaar. 'N Rit kan per telefoon of via die internet gereël word. Die koste van die rit word vasgestel afhangende van die ligging, sien op die webwerf. 

Met die motor

Die bestuurstyl in Sotsji is chaotieser as in die meeste dele van Rusland: suidelike bloed beïnvloed dit. Verwag dus die padkultuur soortgelyk aan dié in Griekeland of Turkye en wees uiters versigtig tydens die bestuur as u uiteindelik besluit het om dit te doen.

Nog 'n probleem is dat Sotsji 'n gebrek aan parkeerplek het, veral in die sentrale deel van die stad. Bestuurders het dikwels geen alternatiewe om hul motors by bushaltes, voetgangergebiede, ens. Te verlaat nie, tesame met die vinnige toename in motorgebruikers, lei dit tot verkeerde vasval in die strate.

Motorhuur in Sotsji:

• Hertz (Onafhanklike lisensiehouer), Sotsji Internasionale Lughawe, ☏ 7 8622 357 100. Daagliks 09: 00-21: 00. 
• Sest, Plekke: 1) Sotsji Internasionale Lughawe; 2) Marins Park Hotel (Morskoy pereulok, 2), ☏ 7 8622 96-0020. Daagliks 09: 00-21: 00. 
• ATON / Rentacarov (Sochi plaaslike motorhuurdiens), Plekke: 1) Sentrum (Transportnaya str., 130, kantoor 5); 2) Marins Park Hotel (Morskoy pereulok, 2); 3) Internasionale lughawe Sotsji, ☏ 7 8622 960-331, ✉[email protected]. 
• Rossa Huur (plaaslike motorhuurdiens wat in Sotsji en Krasnodar bedryf word), Plekke: 1) Zhemchuzhina hotel (Chernomorskaya straat, 3 - Sentrum); 2) Internasionale lughawe Sotsji (slegs vooraf bespreek, ☏ 7 8622 955-497, 7 8 918 905 59 77. 

Per boot

Die gereelde skeepsdiens vanaf Sentraal-Sotsji na ander stadsdele is in 2005 gestaak weens 'n verouderde vloot en die vernietiging van verskeie plaaslike piere. Die herstel van hierdie versending is aan die gang.

Per fiets

Met die stadsfietsverhuurdiens kan 'n fiets geneem word by enige van die 30 outomatiese terminale (vlieëniers word in Sentraal-Sotsji en Khosta-distrikte geïnstalleer). Die diens is gratis, maar u moet 'n deposito laat voordat u die fiets terugbesorg.

Daar word ook gewerk aan die toekenning van fietsrybane in die stad. Sochi is egter steeds ongemaklik om te fiets as gevolg van swaar verkeer en baie konstruksieterreine.

Per rolstoel

Oor die algemeen, Rusland het 'n groot gaping in die vlak van toeganklikheid vir mense met gestremdhede. Verskeie stede het met hul verbeteringsprogramme op hierdie gebied begin, en Sochi is onder hulle. Die toeganklike stad is 'n vereiste vir die Paralimpiese Spele-organisasie in 2014.

Tot dusver is ten minste die lughawefasiliteite en nuwe pendeltreine in Sotsji toeganklik. Die projek om die toeganklikheidskaart van Sotsji te skep, is in 2011 van stapel gestuur, wat dieselfde Russiese projek begin. Hopelik sal die volgende paar jaar die aansienlike verbetering in die stad se toeganklikheid meebring, soos dit gebeur het in Khanty-Mansiysk voorafgaande aan nog 'n Paralimpiese sportbyeenkoms.

Sien

Historiese besienswaardighede

• Stalinistiese tydperk Empire Style geboue. Die moderne argitektuurgeskiedenis in Sotsji het begin vanaf die algemene konstruksieplan van 1934. Gedurende die Stalinistiese periode (tot 1953) is baie monumentale geboue rondom Groter Sotsji gebou. Onder hulle is: die sentrale treinterminaal van Sotsji, die seehawe van Sotsji, die Winterteater, die kunsmuseum van Sochi, en talle vakansiehotelle, soos Metallurg, Lazarevskoe, ens. 
• 43.54524739.8013891 Stalin's Summer Residence, 120, Kurortny - distrik Khosta, ☏ 7 8622 69 56 00. Dit is gebou as die landgoed Mikhailovskoe van die handelaar, deur Bolsjewiste ingeneem en later omskep in Stalin se woning deur Miron Merzhanov, die Sowjet-hoofargitek. Stalin het hierdie dacha gereeld besoek en talle vergaderings gehad met top-politici, soos die Chinese voorsitter Mao. Binne is 'n museum met baie persoonlike besittings en Stalin se waswerk. Daar is ook legendes oor Stalin se fantoom, wat steeds snags op hierdie plek rondloop.  
• Godlik vesting, Kurskaya straat, Chemitokvadzhe - distrik Lazarevskoe. Die oorblyfsels van 'n Bisantynse driehoekvesting, wat in 4-5 eeue nC gebou is. Ten spyte van die slegte toestand van hierdie terrein, het dit steeds torings en 'n deel van kalkmure gebly. 
• Loo tempel, Loo - distrik Lazarevskoe. Nog 'n Bisantynse werf, en ook in 'n swak toestand. Dit is op die heuweltop weg van die see af (1,5 km). Dit is in 10-12 eeue gebou, in die 14de eeu herbou en in 15-16 eeue omskep in 'n vesting. 

Monumente

Onder die tradisionele Russiese monumente wat oorgebly het as 'n nalatenskap van die ineenstortende Soviet Unie, Sochi het verskeie oorspronklike kunswerke wat die moeite werd is om deur die stad se gaste te verken.

• Anker en kanon, Pushkinsky park - Sentraal (naby Primorskaya straat). Die oudste monument in die stad, gebou in 1913. 'n Oorspronklike 19de-eeuse kanon en anker uit die 18de eeu simboliseer die oorwinning van die Russiese leër in die Russies-Ottomaanse oorlog van 1828-1829. 
• Churchill, Roosevelt en Stalin, Vinogradnaya, 14 - Sentraal (by die Krashmashevsky-hotelgebied). Waarskynlik die enigste monument vir hierdie belangrike antifascistiese koalisie-leiers in Rusland. In 2008 opgerig deur 'n Israeliese beeldhouer Frank Meisler. 2 eksemplare van die monument is aan die VSA en die Verenigde Koninkryk toegeken. Op dieselfde plek is 'n historiese museum van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog geopen. Nóg die standbeeld nóg die museum is nou beskikbaar (Oktober 2014) - die eiendom waarop dit geleë was, het blykbaar gesluit. 
• Die Feat for Life-gedenkteken (Подвиг во имя жизни), Riviersky pereulok - Sentraal (By die ingang na Riviera Park). 'N Argitektoniese ensemble wat toegewy is aan mediese personeel van Sotsji, wat gedurende die Tweede Wêreldoorlog meer as 'n halfmiljoen slagoffers teruggekeer het. Die monument is 'n staalboog met die marmerbeelde van dokters, verpleegsters en gewonde mense op sy front. 
• Die goue vlies, Ploschad Isskustv - Sentraal (naby Sochi-kunsmuseum). 'N Simboliese samestelling, wat 'n bekende klassieke Griekse mite oor Argonaute en die Goue Vleis illustreer, is in 2008 geopen. Tussen twee elegante kolomme word die vergulde skaapvel gestrek, bewaak deur 'n draak. Die beeldhouer het die idee van 'n historiese brug tussen Griekeland en die Olimpiese Sotsji geïmplementeer. 
• Die singende fontains, Kurortny - Sentraal. In die middel van die stad, op die hoek van Kurortny Prospekt en Navaginskaya straat, by die ingang van die Sochi Trade Gallery. 'N Swembad met talle waterstrome en spesiale klank- en visuele hardeware, wat die water in ritmes kan "sing" en "dans". Die fontains werk slegs in die someraande, wanneer die visuele effekte daarvan die beste gesien word. Die Singing Fontains, wat aanvanklik in 1970 gebou is, is in 2009 heeltemal opgeknap. 
• Oorlogsgedenkteken in Zavokzalny, Zavokzalny-distrik - Sentraal. Die gedenkteken vir Sotsji-soldate, wat tydens die Tweede Wêreldoorlog gesterf het, en die begraafplaas vir meer as 2 000 van hulle, is in 1985 gebou tot die 40ste Victory Anniversary. Op die heuweltop is daar geheue-lessenaars met soldaatname, as 'n halfsirkel rondom 'n ewige lig. Hierdie plek het 'n uitsig oor Sentraal Sotsji en het 'n onuitwisbare fotosessie vir troues in die stad geword. 
• Olimpiese aftelklok (naby die Sochi-hawe). Geïnstalleer en bekendgestel in Mei (Olimpiese) en Junie (Paralimpiese Spele) van 2011, 1000 dae voor die aanvang van die Olimpiese en Paralimpiese Spele in Sotsji 2014. 'N Vernuwende konstruksie, die moeite werd om te sien. 

Museums

• 43.57638888888939.7286111111112 Sotsji-kunsmuseum, Kurortny, 51 - Sentraal, ☏ 7 8622 62-2947, 7 8622 62-2916. Die museum beslaan een van die mooiste geboue van Sotsji, wat in 1936 gebou is. Die versameling is die grootste aan die Swartkus (meer as 5 000 items van verskillende style en van antieke tot hedendaagse). Die tentoonstelling brei uit met nuwe skilderye van Sotsji-kunstenaars, gereelde solo-uitstallings word gereël.  
• Sotsji Geskiedenis Museum, Vorovskogo 54/11 - Sentraal, ☏ 7 8622 64-28-91. Hierdie museum, een van die oudste kulturele besienswaardighede in die stad, was in 1920 oop. Die uiteensetting omvat die belangrike mylpale van die stad se geskiedenis, argeologiese bevindings, die natuur en beroemde mense. In totaal is daar 14 museumsale en ongeveer 150 000 artikels. 
• Museum of Sochi Sport Honor, Sovetskaya, 26 - Sentraal, ☏ 7 (8622) 64-23-26, 7 (928) 448 90 85 (toere). Daagliks 11:00 - 21:00. Dit is die nuutste museum in die stad, wat in 2010 oopgemaak is op die drumpel van die Olimpiese Spele in 2014. Die items in sy versameling toon die geskiedenis van die Olimpiese Spele, die Olimpiese beweging en die deelname van Sotsji aan die organisasie van die Olimpiese Spele. Die belangrikste items is die Olimpiese en Paralimpiese vlae van Vancouver 2010, sowel as die miniatuurmodelle van kus- en berggroeperingslokale wat in Sotsji gebou word. Die museum dien ook as 'n kulturele sentrum, waar talle opvoedkundige programme en vergaderings aangebied word. 

Parke

• 43.58333339.7166673 Riviera Park, Yegorova, 1 - Sentraal, ☏ 7 8622 64-33-77, 7 8622 64-08-85. Die gewildste en grootste openbare park van Greater Sochi, gestig in 1898 en 100 jaar daarna volledig opgeknap. Riviera is 'n alledaagse gesig. In die somer bied dit skaduwee en talle ontspanningsbesienswaardighede, terwyl die stil stegies in die winter aanhangers van stil wandelinge en eensaamheid lok. Die park het restaurante en kroeë, sportgeriewe, ontspanningsentrums, 'n bioskoop en ander besienswaardighede. Die Green Theatre van die park is 'n plek vir gereelde konserte en feeste. Maar die belangrikste punt van belang is waarskynlik Friendship Alley (Поляна дружбы), wat in 1960 gestig is, met bome geplant deur bekende politici, bekendes en ander bekende mense. 45 Russiese ruimtevaarders en Amerikaanse ruimtevaarders het byvoorbeeld hul bome op hierdie plek geplant. Gratis toegang.  
• Dendrarium (Dendrary Botaniese Tuin), 74, Kurortny - distrik Khosta, ☏ 7 8622 62-18-42. Daagliks 08:00 - 21:00. Die beste park aan die Swartkus, waar 'n wye verskeidenheid bome se spesies versamel word. 'N Pragtige, skaduryke en goed bestuurde plek, uitstekend vir ontspanning, onbelemmerde wandeling, ens. Gebruik die kabelkar om vanaf die kusgedeelte van Dendrarium na die berg te kom en ontdek 'n panoramiese uitsig oor die see en die Kaukasus-rante. 
• 43.41868739.9344664 Park of Southern Cultures, Adler-distrik. Nog 'n pragtige botaniese tuin in Adler, aan die linkerkant van die rivier Mzymta. Die park, wat in 1910 gestig is, het meer as 5 500 plantspesies van regoor die wêreld versamel en die hele jaar blom. Op 'n enkele plek kan u 300 jaar eikehout, sakura en Chinese waaierpalms vind. Daar is ook damme met waterlelies en lotusse, bewoon deur swane en eende. Die park met sy uitstaande landskap en biodiversiteit is beslis een van die beste voorwerpe in hierdie land Rusland.  
• Frunze Park (Парк имени Фрунзе), Chernomorskaya st - distrik Khosta. One of the oldest resort parks in the city, in the coastal park of Khosta district, near Dendrarium, having at its area the Summer Theatre, venues for sports, and an amazing cascaded fontain. 

Fischt Olympic Stadium

Kyk sokker at a stadium that has hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, and the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The home team are PFC Sochi, who play in the Russian National League, the second tier of Russian football. Until 2018 they were FC Dynamo St Petersburg, then they upped sticks and moved down to the Black Sea. The stadium (capacity over 47,000) is actually in Adler, 25 km east of Sochi and only 3 km from the border with Georgia. Long-distance and metro trains terminate at nearby Olympic Park Station.

• 43.40226739.9561111 PFC Sochi.  

Wildlife expositions

• 43.4718239.897195 Sochi Discovery World Aquarium, Lenin 219а / 4 - Adler, ☏ 7 8622 46-33-56. Tu-Su 10:00 - 18:00. The largest oceanarium in Rusland, and one of the largest ones in Europa. Standard, but impressive variety of marine species is complemented with a wide array of Russia's freshwater species of fish. 
• Aquarium and Marine Zoo, 4 Cheltenham alley - Khosta district (New Matsesta), ☏ 7 8622 67-72-26, ✉[email protected]. Open daily, summer 09:00 - 20:00, winter 10:00 - 18:00. Open in 2005. It is possible to participate in feeding animals, such as sharks, penguins, hippopotamus etc. 
• Oceanarium at Riviera Park, Yegorova, 1 - Central, ☏ 7 8622 64-43-43. Open daily, summer 10:00 - 00:00, winter 10:00 - 21:00. The most centrally located aquarium, however, not the most impressive one. 
• 43.4681739.895756 Adler Dolphinarium, Lenin 219а - Adler, ☏ 7 8622 46-33-03, faks: 7 (8622) 46-33-03. Summer Tue-Sun, 11-00, 14-00 and 16-00. Winter Sat-Sun and holidays, 15-30. Sochi representation of Utrish Delfinarium of Novorossiysk. 50-minute performance of dolphins is conducted round the year, the pool is 20 metres in width and 6 metres in depth. The place holds up to 1,000 spectators. 
• 43.4344139.997327 Monkey Nursery Center (Обезьяний питомник), Vesyoloe, 1 - Adler district (Marshrutka / bus 134). The place is owned by the only Russian scientific institute of medical primatology of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. It is famous for monkey preparation for experimental space flights, starting from non-manned period of space exploration. Here animals pass the spaceflight training, accustom to spaceship conditions etc. The center has large area, where 2,700 friendly animals of more than 11 monkey species live (primarily macaques). Nursery itself is 1.5 km walk from the entrance. Open for visiting, 

Outdoor sights

As a rule with some exceptions, Sochi outdoor sights are inside the area of Sochi National Park. This means that in some cases you will need to pay the park entrance fee. All major sights attract both independent travellers and guided groups. Tours can be arranged at hotels or at the hot tourist areas in the city.

• Mount Akhun, Khosta district. Mount Akhun is the highest Greater Sochi coastal point famous as the best panoramic view of the city. The castle-looking tower on its 700-meter top gives a perfect overlook of the city. It is probably even possible to see the remote Turkish coast, if the weather and visibility are fine. Taking a trail down from Mt. Akhun, it is possible to get to the nearby Agurskoe Canyon (Агурское ущелье), another popular destination with a cascade of 3 waterfalls surrounded by high cliffs. It is spoken to be the oldest tourist sight in the city. Outside of the waterfalls there is the place called Eagle Rock (Орлиные скалы) with few caves around. As a legend says, Eagle Rock is the place, where Prometheus (Classical Greek god of fire) was enchained. To reach Mount Akhun and its surroundings it is best to use a car/taxi. Using a bus, take route 110 from Central Sochi to Sputnik stop. In this case you will need to climb the mountain (2-3 hours walk). 

• Yew & boxtree wood (тисо-самшитовая роща), Khosta district. An exclave of Caucasian Biosphere Reserve and a UNESCO Wêrelderfenislys item, yew and boxtree wood occupies 3 square kilometres at one of the Mt. Akhun slopes. This is a unique nature sight with over 700 plant species, some of those are relicts remained unchanged for 30 million years. There are also endemic species and very aged plants, like 2 thousand years old trees. The wood has 20 endangered species included into the IUCN Red List. If you are not going to use car or taxi to reach it, take marshrutka route 122 from Central Sochi to Khosta. The stop you need is "Khosta-most". From that walk by Samshitovaya street (Самшитовая улица) till the road turning and the pointer. Soon after the turn a usual group of taxi cars act as the sign of the entrance to the wood. 
• Vorontsovka Caves (Воронцовские пещеры), Vorontsovka village - Khosta district. The mountain part of Greater Sochi area contains over 400 caves in total. The most known of them is the complex of caves in Vorontsovka village of Khosta district. It consists of 3 interconnected parts (Kabanya, Vorontsovskaya and Labirintovaya) with total length of 11 km and the height difference of 240 m. This is one of the largest cave systems in Caucasus, a significant part of it is open for visiting. 
• Dagomys Tea-Party Houses, Dagomys and Uch-Dere - Lazarevskoe district. The world northernmost tea has been cultivated in Sochi since 1887, as "Krasnodar Tea" brand. There are group tours to Dagomys Tea Plant, and also, on a hill in Uch-Dere there are tea-party houses, open for visiting. There you can find out how tea is grown, collected and manufactured. You will be offered a tea-party with samovar, pirozhki, pancakes, jam, and folk songs. As a bonus, at the place there is a museum with traditional Russian crafts exposition. 
• 33 waterfalls, Lazarevskoe district. There are several waterfall locations in Greater Sochi area. This certain one is a bit remote, but contains as many as thirty three waterfalls, those are not so high (1.3 to 10 metres), but very scenic ones. They are best seen in spring, when rains and snow melting at mountains bring more water. Dzhegosh stream has only 2 km length flowing down to Shakhe river not far from a traditional Circassian settlement Bolshoy Kichmay, 11 km from the sea coast, Golovinka sub-district and regular public transportation. To get to waterfalls less cheaper, but more suitable is to use a taxi or to join an organized tour. 
• Trout Farm (Форелевое хозяйство), Forelevaya st, 45, Kazachiy Brod settlement - Adler. The largest fish farm in Rusland, includes 131 ponds for trout and 6 more for carps. This is not only a farm, but also an amazing tourist spot. Visiting it, you can get information about trout planting, watch the fish, feed it, and even go fishing at ponds. It's also possible to buy incredibly tasty smoked trout at the place. 
• Akhtyrshskaya Cave (Ахтыршская пещера), Adler district. Many of Sochi caves were inhabited by primeval people. Akhtyrshkaya cave is among them, having many petroglyphic drawings and other primeval remains. Take a bus/marshrutka 106 to its ending point (Trout Farm). Cross the street from the bus stop and go to the tunnel. Turn right close to the tunnel and go down to Mzymta river and a monkey bridge. Prior to the bridge go left and up to the entrance to the cave. There is beautiful scenery and panoramic view close to the cave: cross Mzymta river and take the trail left and up. 

Doen

• Boottoere (Sochi port), ☏ 7 8622 609-603. 11:00 - 21:00. 1-hour regular sea boat tours. Organized by Sochi seaport, May to October. 

Leisure

• Nautilus Aquapark, Pobedy str., 2/1 - Lazarevskoe, ☏ 7 8622 74-0187. 

Sport

• Seiljagvaart
• Kitesurfing

Feeste en geleenthede

• Kinotavr. Open Russian Film Festival - conducted in June annually since 1990. Kinotavr is the largest Russian film festival attracting the top talents of Russian cinema: directors, producers, actors, writers, and photographers. 
• 43.4139.9692 Sochi Autodrom. This motor-racing circuit hosts the Russian Grand Prix as part of the Formule Een tournament in October. It's in the coastal Olympic cluster in Adler. (2021 opgedateer)

Leer

Russian Language

There is no sustainable practice of learning Russies as a foreign language in Sochi. Two places can offer such classes potentially:

• Russian University of Peoples' Friendship (RUDN), Sochi Branch (Department of additional education), Kuibysheva, 24 - Adler, ☏ 7 8622 40-0895, ✉[email protected]. This university is among leaders in Rusland by number of international students. Sochi branch is, however, a small one, so your case with Russies study will be probably solved on individual basis. 
• Sphere Travel, 11 Navaginskaya Str. - Central, ☏ 7 8622 64-6305, ✉[email protected]. This company several years ago offered the following programs of Russies: general, intensive, business, speaking, and academic Russian. Due to low number of students please check the actual situation before planning study. 

Werk

Getting a work permit in Russia is not usually an easy process, at least if you are not a former Soviet Unie state citizen. Sochi can possibly be an exception, as the preparation of Olympic Games will create many new workplaces. Some of the potential vacancies will require international expertise. Highly qualified international candidates will have simplified visa and work permit procedure.

There are potential vacancies for English tutors, as the demand for English study in the city is constantly growing. It is also possible to find sport instructors' jobs, in both winter (skiing, snowboarding) and summer (diving, yachting, kitesurfing) sports, but knowledge of Russian is essential for those positions.

Koop

Plaaslike spesialiteite

• Krasnodar tea (Краснодарский чай). This is the only tea sort grown in Russia, being the northernmost one in the world (due to climate conditions, it's impossible to cultivate tea to the north from Sochi). Tea plantations of Greater Sochi are in Dagomys, Solokhaul^{[dooie skakel]} (Lazarevskoe district) and Adler. The amount of their production is limited, so it's not easy to meet it outside Krasnodar Krai. Baloven (Баловень) tea brand by Dagomys Tea Plant is available at Sochi shops. Group tours to tea plants are also available. 
• Local alcohol. Surpisingly, Russia is the 11th-largest wine producer in the world. 60% of all Russian wine is manufactured in Krasnodar Krai. In Sochi and around there is possible to buy many kinds of this drink, starting from home-made and market-sold wine in no-brand plastic bottles (looks dangerous, but is spoken to be the best one), finishing with premium-class aged wine and brandy in souvenir boxes. To avoid fake brand production buy it at the city's chain stores, such as Magnit, Karusel, Kairos of Perekryostok. 
  • Abrau Durso sparkling wines. Abrau Durso (plant near Novorossiysk) is the leading and the best-known Russian producer of a wide array of sparkling wines, from odious "Soviet Shampagne" to the exclusive Keiserlik en Millesime wine collections. The production technology is based on traditional shampagnoise method. Abrau Durso (Абрау-Дюрсо) wine is distributed to all Russian regions and exported. The price varies greatly depending on the collection item. 
  • Abkhazian wines. There are several brands of wine from Abchasië those are widely common in Russian shops and popular for their inimitative taste. Apsny (Апсны) - red semi-sweet wine from the mix of Cabernet, Sovignon, Merlot and Saperavi grape. Chegem (Чегем) - red dry wine from Cabernet grape. Lykhny (Лыхны) - red semi-sweet wine from Isabella grape. Psou (Псоу) - white semi-sweet wine from Aligote and Riesling grape. 
  • Brand wines of Krasnodar Krai. The best wine brands in the region are Fanagoria (Фанагория) en Myskhako (Мысхако), both produced in Novorossiysk area and having the wide assortment. 
  • Brandy. This alcohol drink is called Cognac (Коньяк) at Russian domestic market, but is exported as Brandy due to necessity to follow the copyright of Cognac provinsie van Frankryk. Saam met Dagestan en Stavropol Krai, Krasnodar Krai is among 3 regions of Russia, those grape is acceptable for brandy production. The factory in Temryuk town near Taman makes the best brandy in Krasnodar Krai, including the aged and souvenir collection. 

Inkopies

• Alexandrië (Александрия), Moskovskaya street, 22 - Central. A 5-storey mall built at the place of former city market and combined with a higher office building. In the center of Sochi. 
• ^{[dooie skakel]}Kairos (Кайрос). 24/7. The largest local retail chain in Greater Sochi. Over 40 supermarkets and minimarkets spread all over the city at walking distance from most tourist and residential locations. Good place for minor daily shopping. 
• Magnit (Магнит). Nationwide Russian supermarket chain with several shops within Greater Sochi. 
• Melodia (Мелодия), Kurortny Prospekt, 16 - Central. A midsize shopping mall, at Sochi central street. 
• 43.6058639.732241 MoreMall (Море Молл), Novaya Zarya street - Central (under construction till May 2012), ☏ 7862 296-07-17. The first regional-scale world-benchmarked mall is constructed at outskirts of Central Sochi. Is numerous shops and boutiques of the best global and federal brands offer the city biggest variety of goods and services. Over 30 restaurants of various cuisines of the world and a multiplex cinema are also there. 
• 43.4263439.927692 Novy Vek (Новый Век), Demokraticheskaya street, 52 - Adler. A midsize mall, in the center of Adler district. Over 100 shops, restaurants, and a supermarket. 
• Olymp (Олимп), Transportnaya street - Central (orbital road of Sochi). Sochi's largest mall, having more than 70 shops, hypermarket, bouling, multiplex cinema, foodcourt, and restaurants. 
• Stroy-City (Строй-Сити), Donskaya street, 28 - Central. Large DIY and furniture mall with more than 80 shops and supporting infrastructure (cafes, parking, etc.) 
• Trade Gallery (Торговая галерея), Navaginskaya street - Central. Navaginskaya street became one of the main shopping areas in the city, containing a whole lot of various shops, where it is possible to by everything, from souvenir to clothing, and from food to photo camera spare parts. 

Eet

Begroting

• Art-Pizza, Teatralnaya street, 9 - Central (Near the Winter Theatre), ☏ 7 8622 62-2666. 10:00-00:00. A reasonably priced pizza place 
• Mama Roza, Moskovskaya, 19A - Central, ☏ 7 8622 64-2872. 11:00-23:00. In the center, close to the main train terminal, this cafe offers a budget variety of pizza and other Italian-style food. 
• McDonald's, Kurortny Prospekt 17/1 - Central, ☏ 7 8622 64 87 79, 7 8622 64 86 74, 7 8622 64 86 85. 08:00-24:00. The only McDonald's restaurant in Sochi, as of 2011. Traditionally popular for its fast-food and free wi-fi. 

Midde-reeks

• Frau Marta, Sovetskaya street, 2 - Central (near the seaport), ☏ 7 8622 33 72 72. Cosy and stylish German restaurant with a good variety of beers and nice Nuremberg sausages. 
• 43.4258239.927721 Zhily Byly Teremok, Demokraticheskaya 50/7. Local cuisine with a cosy atmosphere. about 700-1000 for a person. 

Splurge

• La Terrazza, Kurortny Prospekt 105 B - Central, ☏ 7 8622 96-58-58. 12:00-00:00. Italiaanse kookkuns. 
• Platforma, Chernomorskaya street 11/2, Sunny Beach (Solnechny Plyazh) (Central Sochi), ☏ 7 918 918-42-42. 12:00-92:00. Probably, the most luxurious restaurant in the city. Mediterranean fish & seafood cuisine, plus several meat specialties. Good cocktails. 

Drink

• 43.581939.71931 London Bar, Nesebrskaya street, 6 - Central (beach zone), ☏ 7 8622 60 82 00. 24/7. Stylish restaurant and bar, offering business lunches during the day and transforming into a music club by nights. European and Japanese cuisine, wide array of cocktails and spirits. Concerts (rock, disco, chillout, both Russian and international) and parties each 1-2 weeks. 
• 43.351839.43252 Shum Karaoke Club (Шум), Navaginskaya street, 9 - Central, ☏ 7 9882 37 54 20, 7 9882 26 30 30, ✉[email protected]. 24/7 (09:00-18:00 - restaurant of European cuisine, 19:00-07:00 - karaoke. Luxury karaoke club with fine design and wide assortment of cocktails. Professional sound and back vocalists, songs are free on Sundays to Thursdays. 
• 43.426639.925363 ^{[voorheen dooie skakel]}Treugolnik Rock Bar (Треугольник), Kirova street, 56 - Adler. 12:00-03:00. A democratic rock-n-roll club with an authentic atmosphere and a large musical collection: from rock classics to newest trends. Regular parties and concerts of mainstream and underground teams (primarily from Rusland and former Soviet Unie countries). A library of books and DVDs on rock topics. The club provides not only drinks and parties, but also breakfasts, lunches and dinners, its pizza seems to be the best in Adler. Transfer to Central Sochi is possible. 

Slaap

Sochi has more than 200 hotels, and their number is steadily increasing, but the cost of stay may seem to be overpriced, comparing to many European destinations. There are more than enough gigantic health resorts and hotels, which were a pride of former Soviet Unie resort industry, but which are completely obsolete. On the other hand, many mini-hotels have opened in Sochi, but only few of them are able to meet average international service requirements. Hotel staff often has problems with hospitality, helpful answers and advice, and with speaking any other language than Russian.

Between these two extremes, there is a gap of normal chain or chain-like 2-3-4 star hotels with reasonable prices and acceptable level of English and hospitality skills of staff. The situation is slowly improving, but the room to grow is still large.

In general, Lazarevskoe district offers cheaper accommodation, while Central Sochi and Adler have more expensive options. Prices also depend on season, traditionally increasing in summer and in the beginning of May (between 2 national holidays). Always book in advance in summer. The selection of hotels below includes mainly those of them, where better English and/or service level has been reported. For the mountain part hotels please see Krasnaya Polyana.

Begroting

• Chastny sector - many Russian visitors of Sochi stay at unofficially rented rooms or apartments (so called chastny sector). This opportunity can be significantly cheaper than hotels, especially if several people rent one facility. But owners of such properties usually don't speak English, their facilities are not available via any online booking, and their quality varies greatly. You will meet many rental properties owners and agents at train and bus terminals (they usually offer komnata (комната), i.e. room). Chastny sector of proven quality is usually can only be recommended by someone who has already stayed there. Pryse wissel.

| name=Victor Guesthouse | url = | e-pos = | address=Kurortny Prospekt 72/5 - Khosta district | lat = | lank = | directions=near Dendrarium| phone= 78622 92-88-45 | tolvry = | faks = | ure = | prys = | aanmelding = | afhandeling = | content=This cosy guesthouse has 15 rooms, 24/7 reception desk. Wi-fi access and breakfasts are provided for additional cost. Rooms are non-smoking only.}}

• AKS Hotel, Bytkha street, 41/28 (between Central Sochi and Matsesta, part of Khosta district). A newly built mini-hotel, having 10 rooms. Cosy, reasonably priced, with felpful staff, new facilities and swimming pool. In a residential area, on the hill of Bytkha, a bit away from the sea and transport. 
• Roza Vetrov, Pirogova street, 40 B - Central. The hotel has large rooms with balconies. Breakfast is included, Wi-Fi Internet is paid. There are also open-air swimming pool and fitness center. 
• Hotel Olesya, Lenina street, 280 - Adler, ☏ 7 862 246-71-71. This hotel has a spa-center with a sauna and a swimming pool. Relatively low price is compensated by some noise from the main street of Adler. 
• Sharm Hotel, Chkalova street, 21 G - Adler (between Adler and Kudepsta). 21 air conditioned rooms, open-air swimming pool, a bit far from the center of Adler, continental breakfast and wi-fi Internet are included into room rate. 
• Zhemchuzhina, Chernomorskaya street 3 (sea coast, city center), ☏ 7 8622 66-11-88. The monumental 19-stored Zhemchuzhina Hotel was built in the 1970s and became the symbol of Soviet Sochi tourism center. Unfortunately, little has changed since that: rooms haven't been renovated and new staff hasn't been recruited. The existing personnel hardly knows the word "hospitality". Zhemchuzhina is in the city center right at the coast, always having rooms available, but even having a one-night stay may appear as a challenge. 

Midde-reeks

• Villa Anna, Kurortny Prospekt 72/2 - Khosta district (near Dendrarium). This 4-star hotel occupies the building, which is a copy of a Scottish medieval castle. 30 rooms, free wi-fi, open-air swimming pool. Some rooms have jakuzzi and kitchen facilities ensuite. 
• Marins Park Hotel, Morskoy pereulok 2 - Central, ☏ 7 8622 69-3015, 7 8622 69-3034. Centrally located, modern and large 4-star hotel, having both midrange and splurge room categories. Breakfast is included, all rooms are non-smoking. 
• Hotel Chebotarev, Vinogradnaya street 12/1 - Central, ☏ 7 8622 53-2680, 7 8622 53-2681, 7 8622 53-2682. 4 stars, 70 comfortable rooms, open-air swimming pool and other facilities. Problems with internet access have been reported (in lobby only). 

Splurge

• Radisson Lazurnaya, Kurortny Prospekt 103 (Between Cenral Sochi and Matsesta), ☏ 78622 66-3333. A large Radisson's hotel with its own beach and all supporting facilities. Positioned as a luxurious place, but in reality a 4-star resort hotel with fair level of service - seems to be a bit overpriced. (Februarie 2017 opgedateer)
• Rodina Grand Hotel & Spa, 33, Vinogradnaya St. - Central, ☏ 7 8622 53-9036. The only 5-star luxury boutique hotel in Sochi. Each of the 40 rooms is individually designed by Suzanne Loggere and Patrick Brugman, court decorators of Queen Beautrix of the Netherlands. 
• Radisson Resort & Spa, 65 Let Pobedy Street 50, ☏ 7 862 243 33 33. has an exclusive spa. (Junie 2020 opgedateer)

Verbind

Mobile operators

Sochi has the traditional set of Russian mobile operators:

GSM 900/1800:

• Beeline (by Vympelcom), ☏ 7 861 945-95-95. 
• Megafon, ☏ 7 800 333 0500. 
• MTS (Mobile TeleSystems), ☏ 7 800 333 0890. 
• Tele2. A multinational European provider, operating in 22 countries including Rusland. Tele 2 has its network in many regions of the country, excluding Moskou. Comparing to others, it is the cheapest operator, but having the smallest coverage area. 

CDMA:

• Skylink. The all-Russian CDMA operator, having less subscribers, than GSM operators, but popular for faster and cheaper mobile Internet service. 

4G (LTE):

• Megafon, ☏ 7 800 333 0500. 
• Yota, tolvry: 7 800 700 55 00. 

Check roaming prices before using non-Russian sim-card, especially those for mobile Internet. Some standards of mobile connection are not supported in Rusland, e.g. those for Japan en Verenigde State.

Staying in Rusland for a week or more, it's definitely worth to buy a local sim-card, but be aware, that a passport is needed for that. The easiest way refill a local mobile account is to use an ATM for that. Most ATMs have bilingual interfaces, allowing numerous kinds of payments, including those for mobile services by local operators.

Internet kafees

• Computer Club, Severnaya street, 10 - Central. 9-00 - 24-00. 
• Noosfera (Ноосфера), Kurortny Prospekt, 6 - Central, ☏ 7 8622 92-2615, ✉[email protected]. 9-00 - 24-00. 
• Novoe Vremya (Новое Время ), Navaginskaya street, 9 - Central, ☏ 7 8622 62-7062. 

Wireless Internet

• GPRS / 3G Internet is provided by all mobile operators.
• 4G internet is provided with Yota and MegaFon . Yota is available in Sochi and a few other cities. You can buy their USB modem in almost every outlet selling mobile phones (Euroset, Svyaznoi, DNS etc.) as well as in any computer related store. The price of the modem is 2900 руб. You can use it for free for seven days, after which you should select your tariff on their website. The advantage of this operator is that you can change your tariff at any time without paying. You just choose another tariff using the scroll bar, and the number of days will be changed according to your current payment, the speed will increase. Megafon also offers 4G LTE connections.
• Wi-fi connection can be found at part of Sochi hotels and restaurants. Below is the list of major free wi-fi spots in the city (see also Krasnaya Polyana):
  • Sochi International Airport (Adler district). Service provided by MegaFon. 
  • McDonald's, Kurortny Prospekt, 17 - Central. inside the restaurant and around it. 
  • Antikvar restaurant, Ostrovskogo street, 27 - Central. 10:00-21:00. 
  • Botanik Cafe, Pobedy street, 73 A - Lazarevskoe. 
  • Diana Cafe, Tuapsinskaya street, 9A - Central. 
  • Dobrynya Cafe, Navaginskaya street, 5 - Central. 
  • La Terrazza restaurant, Kurortny Prospekt 105 B - Central. 12:00-00:00. 
  • Lentyai Cafe, Chernomorskaya street, 12 - Central. 
  • London Bar, Nesebrskaya street, 6 - Central. 24 hours / 7 days. 
  • Radisson Lazurnaya Hotel, lobby, Kurortny Prospekt 103 - Central. 24 hours / 7 days. 
  • Sinee More restaurant, Chernomorskaya St. - Central (Sunny Beach (Solnechny Plyazh)). 12:00-02:00. 
  • SV Cafe, Plastunskaya street, 1 - Central. 
  • Yuzhnoe Vzmorye Resort Hotel, Kalinina street, 1 - Adler. 

Media

Among dozens of Sochi newspapers, magazines and radio stations, there are no expat-oriented or internationally focused media. Everything is published in Russian only. Hotels often provide satellite TV with standard assortment of international channels (BBC, CNN, Russia Today, etc.) Following resources are recommended in addition:

• Sochi Life TV Channel. Music channel with both Russian and international playlists, mixed with views of Sochi and tourist information (in Russian only). Available within some satellite TV packages e.g. Tricolor. 

Bly veilig

Krasnodar Krai is probably one of Suid-Rusland's most safe regions. Sochi does not stand out with the higher crime rate, but standard safety precautions should be used. There is a saying in Rusland: "Nights are dark in Sochi" ("В городе Сочи темные ночи"), and this can be explained as that anyone or anything can get lost in the city.

Try to avoid unlit spaces during the night and beware pickpockets in crowded places, such as markets and transport terminals. Beggars can approach you at stations and beaches. Fraud is widespread at Russian summer resorts, but most of its organizers would have problems with English. Anyway, try to avoid drinking and gambling with newly met people.

Several reports of explosions in Sochi area luckily were more vandalistic than terroristic, and their organizers were arrested soon after.

Sunburn can occur in summer, so use sunblock during the hot season.

Tap water is practically safe and Sochi was awarded with first in Russia drinking tap water certificate (2011).

Hanteer

Konsulate

Sochi has the following consulates:

• 43.5847439.719811 Consulate of Armenia, Kurortny Prospect, 8b, Zolotoy Kolos, ☏ 7 86222 974 428. 
• 43.5199339.854852 Consulate of Italy, Shosseynaya, 3A,, ☏ 7 962 856-62-80. 

Gaan volgende

Abchasië

Once a flourishing sea resort and part of Soviet Georgië, this mountainous Caucasian republic passed through a bloody civil war with Georgians after the Soviet Unie collapse, proclaimed its independence and was supported by Russia, but yet unrecognized by most countries. Honestly loved by many Russian tourists, Abchasië is undeservedly mostly unknown by travellers from other parts of the world.

Abkhazia is quite small and can be quickly discovered within a weekend, but longer stay is certainly needed for deeper impressions. The monastery and the cave at New Athos, sowel as Lake Ritsa, are definitely among most amazing places at the Black Sea. This breathtaking beauty mixed with Abkhazian poverty and the remains of the civil war will leave no one indifferent. Locals are very friendly, but only few of them will understand anything in English.

Sochi is the only place with Abkhazia border crossing possibility from Russian side. There is a crossing point at Vesyoloe (southern part of Adler district). It can be crossed both by foot and by car/bus (two separate bridges through the border Psou river). Coming to Abkhazia by foot, you will find a marshrutka parking right after the bridge - a cheap opportunity to reach any key destination of the country. The Abkhazian capital Sukhum is also reachable by a direct bus from Sochi, and a commuter train (elektrichka) is planned to start operate in 2011. There is also option to get to Gagra, Abkhazia by boat from Sochi port.

Going to Abkhazia be prepared to comply with Abkhazian visa requirements. Be also aware that, to return to Rusland after a trip, you may need double-entry or multi-entry Russian visa.

Adygea

A fully enclaved into Krasnodar Krai small national autonomy, neighboring to Greater Sochi, Adygea has a significant tourist potential, which is underestimated. Rafting, waterfall seeing, trekking and other mountain activities in front of awesome Caucasus views make this destination very promising. It is also important that Adygea is safer than any other Caucasian region except Krasnodar Krai.

Maykop, the capital of Adygea, is accessible from Sochi by train (daily, 6 hours) and bus (1-2 daily plus transit buses, 8 hours). There is also an option to reach Adygea by car (6-8 hours via Tuapse). An extreme alternative to that is the mountainous unpaved direct road connecting Sochi with Adygea via Caucasus ridges. Be more than careful using it.

Caucasian Biosphere Reserve

This natural reserve has the second-largest protected area in Europe and the largest one in Caucasus mountains. It occupies the mountain ridges of Krasnodar Krai, Adygea en Karachay-Cherkessia, including part of Greater Sochi metropolitan area (Khosta district and Krasnaya Polyana), bordering Sochi National Park.

Caucasian Biosphere Reserve is the richest biodiversity treasury, having no equivalents in Russia and an international value as a piece of untouched nature with primeval habitats. Reasonably, this unique area is included into the UNESCO Wêrelderfenislys. Die amptelike webwerf of the reserve is available in Russian only.

Two exclaved parts of the reserve, those are in Greater Sochi, are easy to visit: yew & boxtree wood at Khosta en die wild animals nursery by Krasnaya Polyana. To visit other parts of the reserve, you need to get special permit, requiring the following:

• list of participants,
• passport details and passport copies of each participant,
• name of the group's leader,
• planned route/itinerary,
• period of stay (number of days),
• entrance fee

In Sochi you can get the permit at the reserve's headquarter: Karl Marx street, 8, room 10, Adler district, Sochi.

Gelendzhik

A resort town at the Black Sea coast to the north-west from Sochi, one of the most popular domestic summer destinations of Russia. Gelendzhik has both natural and leisure attractions. Gelendzhik's aquapark is the largest in the country, and its surroundings have very beautiful scenery. Die dorp is die tuiste van International Sea Aviation Conference, which is conducted there each two years.

Gelendzhik is a transit point for several buses going from Sochi (4-5 daily). A ride will take 5.5 hours. Die Sea Flight fast ferry going from Sochi to Novorossiysk and back also makes stops at Gelendzhik.

Novorossiysk

Dit Krasnodar Krai's 3rd largest city is the biggest Russian port at the Black Sea and the main cement industry center in Suid-Rusland. The majority of the city's tourist attractions are related to the II World War, when Novorossiysk was among Russian key battlefields. The most known memorials are Malaya Zemlya, Defence Line (Rubezh Oborony) and Death Valley (Dolina Smerti).

Novorossiysk's vicinities have beautiful nature of Caucasus foothills. On the top of local natural wonders is the amazing Abrau lake, the biggest one at Northern Caucasus. Just nearby the wine manufacture of Abrau-Dyurso is located, making this place the capital of Russian sparkling wine (tours to Abrau-Dyurso with wine testing are available). There are also several smaller beach resorts around the city.

There are several ways to get from Sochi to Novorossiysk. Buses go daily (8.5 hours). Sea Flight speed ferry connection operates from May to October, 3 times a week (Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays). One-way ride will take about 5 hours. It is also possible to get to Novorossiysk by train via Krasnodar.

Tuapse

Another important Russian port at the Black Sea and the closest neighbour town bordering Greater Sochi. This is mostly industrial and transport hub, attracting fewer number of tourists, than other Russian Black Sea coastal locations. But anyway, Tuapse is good for a single-day trip from Sochi. After a look at the downtown, the awesome surroundings should be visited. There are several very scenic cliffs around, the top of those is Kiselev's Rock, a 46-meter upright cliff breaking down into the sea. Quite many ancient cultural remains, such as table-stones, are also around Tuapse.

Any elektrichka or long-distance train from Sochi stops in Tuapse, the frequent bus/marshrutka connection is also available. Expect 2 - 2,5 hours for one-way trip from Central Sochi.