Die Koninkryk van Kambodja (កម្ពុជា) is in Suidoos-Asië. Terwyl Angkor Wat herdenk Kambodja se glorieryke geskiedenis, is die land verwoes deur kolonialisme, die Indochina Oorloë, en die Khmer Rouge-regime, en is vandag een van die armste lande in Asië.
Streke
| Kardemom- en Olifantberge (Battambang, Kampot, Koh Kong, Pailin, Pursat, Sihanoukville, Bokor Nasionale Park, Kep) die westelike bergreekse, golfkusstrande en eilande in die buiteland |
| Noord-Wes Kambodja (Angkor Argeologiese Park, Anlong Veng, Siem Reap, Sisophon, Koh Ker, Poipet, Tonle Sap Lake, Preek Vihear) Angkor, die belangrikste rede waarom die meeste besoekers na Kambodja kom, plus 'n groot meer en die noordelike berge |
| Mekong-laaglande en sentrale vlaktes (Phnom Penh, Kampong Cham , Kompong Thom, Krek) die hoofstad en die sentrale platteland |
| Oos-Kambodja (Banlung, Kratie, Sen Monorom, Stung Treng) afgeleë landelike gebiede en nasionale parke oos van die magtige Mekong |
Stede
- 1 Phnom Penh - die rowwe, vuil hoofstad
- 2 Banlung - ver noordoostelike provinsiale hoofstad naby groot watervalle en nasionale parke
- 3 Battambang - die tweede grootste stad in Kambodja, met bamboektreine
- 4 Kampot - stad langs die rivier op pad na Sihanoukville, poort na die Bokor Nasionale Park, en die peper en durian hoofstad van Kambodja
- 5 Koh Kong - klein grensoord naby die Thaise grens
- 6 Kompong Thom - toegang tot minder bekende (en minder druk) ou tempels en ander terreine
- 7 Kratie - ontspanne rivierdorpie in die noordooste van die Mekong, en 'n uitstekende plek om die bedreigde rivierdolfyne van naderby te bekyk
- 8 Siem Reap - toegangspunt vir Angkor Wat en verskeie ander besienswaardighede in die noorde
- 9 Sihanoukville
- kusdorp in die suide, ook bekend as Kompong Som
Ander bestemmings
- 1 Angkor Argeologiese Park - die tuiste van die imposante ruïnes van die antieke Khmer-beskawing
- 2 Bokor Nasionale Park - spookagtige voormalige Franse heuweloord
- 3 Kampong Cham - 'n mooi plattelandse dorpie aan die Mekong-rivier en 'n goeie plek om ware Kambodja te ontmoet
- 4 Kep - 'n kusgebied wat Sihanoukville as die belangrikste strandoord in Kambodja voorafgegaan het; word stadig weer ontdek deur internasionale reisigers
- 5 Krek - 'n klein dorpie op die rugsakreisigerspoor tussen Kratie en Kampong Cham
- 6 Koh Ker - meer antieke ruïnes, noord van Angkor
- 7 Poipet - grimmige grensdorpie waardeur die meeste besoekers aan Angkor oorsee gaan
- 8 Preek Vihear - tempel wat op die krans geleë is en wat nog uitgaan van Angkor
- 9 Tonle Sap Lake - 'n groot meer met drywende dorpies en SE Asië se voorste voëlreservaat
Verstaan
 | |
| Kapitaal | Phnom Penh |
| Geldeenheid | riel (KHR) |
| Bevolking | 16 miljoen (2017) |
| Elektrisiteit | 230 volt / 50 hertz (NEMA 1-15, Europlug, BS 1363) |
| Landelike kode | 855 |
| Tydsone | UTC 07:00 |
| Noodgevalle | 119 (mediese nooddienste), 117 (polisie), 118 (brandweer) |
| Rykant | reg |
| wysig op Wikidata | |
Kambodja het die laaste halwe millennium of so 'n slegte geluk gehad. Sedert die val van Angkor in 1431, die eens magtige Khmer-ryk is deur al sy bure geplunder. Dit is in die 19de eeu deur die Franse gekoloniseer en het gedurende die 1970's swaar tapytbomaanval deur die VSA gely. Na 'n valse aanbreek van onafhanklikheid in 1953, het Kambodja dadelik weer in die gruwels van die burgeroorlog in 1970 gedompel om die Rouge Khmer's ongelooflike wrede skrikbewind gevolg deur besetting deur Viëtnamese magte, en eers na die VN-geborgde verkiesing in 1993 begin die land weer op sy voete sukkel.
In 2011 het 10% van die bevolking op minder as $ 1,25 per dag geleef, teenoor 31% in 2007. 41% van die bevolking het egter steeds minder as $ 2 per dag geleef en 72% het op minder as $ 3 per dag geleef. . Die verskaffing van selfs basiese dienste bly vlekagtig. Kort kragonderbrekings is nie ongewoon nie - bly kalm, die krag sal waarskynlik oor 'n paar minute weer aangaan. Politieke intriges bly so kompleks en ondeursigtig soos altyd; maar die veiligheidsituasie het onmeetbaar verbeter en toenemende besoekers ontdek die tempels en strande van Kambodja. Siem Reap, die poort na Angkor, nou sportluukse hotelle, sjieke nagplekke, kitsbanke en 'n lughawe wat vlugte van regoor die streek bied, terwyl verskeie strandbestemmings al hoe meer handel dryf. Om buite die gewildste toeristebestemmings te reis, is egter steeds 'n avontuur.
Geskiedenis
- Sien ook: Indochina Oorloë
Die uitgebreide stedelike kultuur van Angkor en ander terreine kan getuig daarvan dat die Khmer-ryk eens ryk en magtig was. Die hoogtepunt daarvan het onder Jayavarman VII (1181-c.1218) gekom, toe die Ryk aansienlike territoriale winste behaal het. Die Angkoriaanse beskawing het Kambodja se water vir landbou ingespan deur uitgebreide stelsels kanale en damme. Gewasoorskot het 'n gesofistikeerde stedelike beskawing moontlik gemaak, gebaseer op Hindoe- en Boeddhistiese oortuigings.
Die tydperk na die val van die Khmer-ryk word beskryf as die donker eeue van Kambodja. Klimaatsfaktore het hierdie herfs voorgekom, maar uiteindelik het die Khmer-ryk nooit herstel van die afdanking deur sy bure nie, gebaseer in Ayutthaya (in die hedendaagse Thailand). Kambodja het 'n groot deel van die volgende vierhonderd jaar deurgebring en bedreig deur die wedywering van die uitbreidende Siamese en Viëtnamese Ryk in die weste en ooste. Aan die vooraand van die Franse kolonisasie is beweer dat Kambodja waarskynlik sal ophou bestaan as 'n onafhanklike koninkryk, en die historikus John Tully beweer '... daar kan min twyfel bestaan dat hulle [die Franse] ingryping die politieke verdwyning van die koninkryk ".
Die Franse het Kambodja as 'n protektoraat vanaf die 1860's oorheers, deel van 'n wyer ambisie om die gebied te beheer, wat Indochina (hedendaagse Kambodja, Viëtnam en Laos) genoem word. Die Franse was altyd meer besorg oor hul besittings in Viëtnam. Onderwys van Kambodjane is verwaarloos vir almal behalwe die gevestigde elite. Paradoksaal genoeg sou baie "Red Khmers" later uit hierdie bevoorregte koloniale elite ontstaan. Japan se houvas op Suidoos-Asië tydens die Tweede Wêreldoorlog het die Franse aansien ondermyn, en na die geallieerde oorwinning het Prins Sihanouk onafhanklikheid verklaar. Dit was 'n betreklik vreedsame oorgang.
Prins Sihanouk is bekend vir die maak van baie vreemde films waarin hy geskryf, gespeel en geregisseer het. Sy heerskappy word op hierdie stadium gekenmerk deur 'n Boeddhistiese herlewing en die klem op onderwys. Hy slaag daarin om 'n opgevoede elite te help skep wat toenemend ontnugter raak deur die gebrek aan beskikbare werk. Namate die ekonomiese situasie in Kambodja verswak het, het baie jongmense aangetrokke geraak tot die Indochinese Kommunistiese Party, en later die Khmer Rouge.
Namate die Tweede Indochina-oorlog na die grens van Kambodja versprei het ('n belangrike deel van die "Ho Chi Minh-roete"), het die VSA toenemend besorg geraak oor gebeure in die land. Die Amerikaanse lugmag het Kambodja gebombardeer van 1964 tot 1973, met die tydperk van Maart 1969 tot Mei 1970 besonder intens. Tydens hierdie veldtog, met die naam Operasie Menu, is 540 000 ton bomme gegooi. Die beramings van die burgerlike dodetal wissel van 150 000 tot 500 000. In totaal het die VSA van 1964 tot 1973 2,7 miljoen ton bomme op Kambodja laat val, meer as die gesamentlike hoeveelheid wat al die Geallieerdes tydens die Tweede Wêreldoorlog in alle teaters laat val het.
In Maart 1970, terwyl hulle oorsee Moskou en Beijing besoek het, is Sihanouk omvergewerp deur Lon Nol en ander generaals wat deur die Verenigde State gunstig gekyk is. Sihanouk het toe sy steun agter die Rode Khmer geplaas. Hierdie verandering het baie beïnvloed om hul voorbeeld te volg. Intussen het die Khmer Rouge die Viëtnamese voorbeeld gevolg en hulself bemoei met die plattelandse armes.
Na 'n stryd van vyf jaar het die Kommunistiese Khmer Rouge-magte Phnom Penh in 1975 gevange geneem en beveel dat alle stede en dorpe moes ontruim. Meer as een miljoen mense (en moontlik baie meer) sterf weens teregstelling of gedwonge ontberinge. Diegene uit die stede het as 'nuwe' mense bekend gestaan en het aanvanklik die ergste gely. Die plattelandse plattelandse boere word as 'basiese' mense beskou en beter gevaar. Die wreedheid van die Khmer Rouge is egter aan albei groepe toegedig. Dit hang ook baie af van waar iemand vandaan kom. Mense in die ooste het byvoorbeeld oor die algemeen erger gely. Daar word bespreek of die Khmer Rouge 'misdade teen die mensdom' of 'n langdurige 'volksmoord' begin het. Daar word beweer dat daar 'n buitensporige aantal etniese Chams dood is, en die etniese Viëtnamese het ook vervolging gely. Desondanks het die Khmer ook gereeld onoordeelkundige massamoorde gely.
'N Viëtnamese inval in 1978 het die Khmer Rouge-magte die platteland in gedryf en baie jare se gevegte beëindig, alhoewel die gevegte 'n geruime tyd in grensgebiede sou voortduur. Die politiek van die Koue Oorlog het beteken dat hulle, ondanks die afskuwelike misdade wat deur die Rode Khmer gepleeg is, die erkende regering was lank na die bevryding van die land deur die Viëtnamese. Inderdaad, hulle het steeds geheime ondersteuning en finansiering deur die VSA ontvang. As gevolg van die verwoestende politiek van die Khmer Rouge-bewind, was daar feitlik geen infrastruktuur meer nie. Instellings vir hoër onderwys, geld en alle vorme van nywerheid is in 1978 vernietig, en die land moes dus van vooraf opgebou word.
Die VN-geborgde verkiesing in 1993 het gehelp om 'n mate van normaalheid te herstel, asook die vinnige afname in die militêre burgermag in die middel negentigerjare. 'N Koalisieregering, gevorm na nasionale verkiesings in 1998, het opnuut politieke stabiliteit en die oorgawe van die oorblywende Khmer Rouge-magte gebring.
In die eerste twee dekades van die 21ste eeu, namate die regering van Kambodja meer outoritêr geword het, het dit ook van Amerikaanse en Europese steun gewerk om nouer bande met China te bewerkstellig. Te midde van verhoogde Chinese investering, het Kambodja geweldige ekonomiese groei en 'n oorgang van landbou na vervaardiging beleef, met meer as 80% van die Kambodjane wat nou bo die armoedegrens is.
Ekonomie
Die twee pilare van die ekonomie van Kambodja is tekstiel en toerisme. Die toerismebedryf het vinnig gegroei met meer as 6 miljoen besoekers wat in 2018 aangekom het, hoofsaaklik uit China en uit buurlande. Die langtermynontwikkeling van die ekonomie na dekades van oorlog bly 'n vreesaanjaende uitdaging, aangesien die bevolking nie onderwys en produktiewe vaardighede het nie, veral in die plattelandse armoede. Die regering spreek hierdie kwessies aan met hulp van bilaterale en multilaterale skenkers. Bou van nuwe paaie, besproeiing en landbou is aan die gang om landelike gebiede te vernuwe.
Mense
Hulle sal jou met 'n glimlag begroet. Hulle is vriendelik en baie van hulle praat Engels goed.
Klimaat
Kambodja is tropies en die klimaat word deur monsons oorheers. Die seisoen is dus nat of droog, eerder as die vier seisoene van koeler streke in die wêreld. Nov-Maart is relatief winderig en koel en is die gewildste besoekstyd. April-Mei is warm en droog, en die temperatuur kan 'n hoogtepunt bereik van 40 C. Jun-Sep is die nat en groen seisoen.
Vakansies
Kambodja het 'n aantal openbare vakansiedae, sommige tradisionele vakansiedae wat verander op grond van die maankalender en ander vaste gedenkvakansies.
Daarbenewens word Chinese Nuwejaar redelik wyd gevier. Buspryse styg en verblyf word bespreek rondom hierdie tyd namate plaaslike inwoners sowel as besoekers uit lande in die omgewing rondtrek. Maak al u besprekings minstens 'n paar dae voor die tyd.
Gaan in
Visums
Alle besoekers, behalwe burgers van Indonesië, Maleisië, Singapoer, Filippyne, Laos, Thailand en Vietnam, het 'n visum nodig om Kambodja binne te gaan. Die amptelike prys is US $ 30 vir 'n toeristevisum en US $ 35 vir 'n gewone visum, en burgers van die meeste lande kan 'n visum by aankoms kry. Personeel kan probeer om meer te vra by sommige grensoorgange (lughawens ingesluit), maar hou die amptelike prys uit, veral by groot oorgange.
Visa by aankoms is beskikbaar by albei internasionale lughawens, al ses internasionale grensoorgange met Thailand, sommige internasionale grensoorgange met Viëtnam en by die hoofgrensoorgang met Laos. Visums kan ook by die Kambodjaanse ambassades en konsulate verkry word.
- Toeristevisums: almal is geldig vir een verblyf van tot 30 dae. Dit wat vooraf uitgereik is, verval 90 dae na uitreiking. In Phnom Penh (of elders via agentskappe), kan toeristevisums net een keer verleng word, wat nog 30 dae moontlik maak teen 'n koste van US $ 30.
- Gewone visum of Tipe-E: die beste keuse vir 'n verblyf van meer as twee maande en / of meerdere inskrywings, aangesien dit onbepaald verleng kan word (ongeveer US $ 290 vir 'n jaar verlenging) en as dit verleng word, is dit meer as een jaar. Die meeste reisagentskappe in Phnom Penh verwerk die uitbreidings. Buitelandse burgers van sommige lande (soos Indië) benodig vooraf toestemming van die Departement van Immigrasie of die Ministerie van Binnelandse Sake om 'n gewone visum te kry. Sulke besoekers kan ook die land met 'n toeristevisum binnekom en daarna toestemming by die Departement van Immigrasie naby die lughawe in Phnom Penh aanvra, wat hulle in staat sal stel om die land te verlaat en weer met 'n gewone visum in te gaan.
Om 'n visum aan te vra, benodig u dalk (afhangende van waar u aansoek doen) een of twee foto's (35x45mm) van die paspoort, 'n paspoort wat ten minste 6 maande geldig is en ten minste een heeltemal leë visumbladsy oor het (die visum) is 'n volledige bladsy-plakker), en skoon Amerikaanse dollar-note waarmee u die fooi moet betaal (verwag om 'n aansienlik hoër prys te betaal as u in 'n plaaslike geldeenheid betaal). Paspoort-fotostate kan ook benodig word wanneer u by sommige ambassades / konsulate aansoek doen, maar nie as u by aankoms aansoek doen nie. U hoef nie 'n paspoortfoto met u aankoms nodig te hê nie Phnom Penh lughawe, Poipet, of Siem Reap. As u dit nog elders benodig, kan u dit op u paspoort laat skandeer vir 'n ekstra US $ 3.
Op die lughawe van Phnom Penh gaan u na die Visa by aankoms lessenaar, sluit aan by die tou aan die linkerkant, waar u aansoekvorm hersien word (u moes die vorm in die vliegtuig of voor u inklim gekry het). Beweeg dan na regs en wag totdat u naam genoem word. U betaal en ontvang dan u paspoort met die visum. Amptenare het sukkel om Westerse name uit te spreek. Wees dus waaksaam en luister na enige van u name in u paspoort, of u voorname of van genoem kan word. Nadat u weer met u paspoort herenig is, sluit u aan by die immigrasie-tou.
In Poipet, daar is verskeie swendelary in oorvloed. Die gunsteling is dat die Kambodjaanse immigrasiebeamptes toeriste vra om by aankoms 1200 baht (ongeveer US $ 35) te betaal, in plaas van US $ 30. Staan vas, maar bly vriendelik en bly glimlag, hulle dring selde aan. Die meeste besoekers word gevra vir 'n aparte bedrag van 100 baht bo en behalwe die fooi van $ 30. As u 'n paar keer daarop aandring dat dit nie bestaan nie, word u knorrig aangesê om te sit en te wag, waarna u na 'n paar minute geen probleem sal ontvang nie (ten minste as daar nie 'n lang ry is nie).
Daar is ook swendelary by ander toegangspunte. Die belangrikste is om aan te dring om die visumfooi van $ 30 of $ 35 wat op die bord gedruk is, te betaal, en nie 'n hoër fooi nie, en onthou dat daar geen ekstra fooie by immigrasie of doeane moet wees nadat u u visum ontvang het nie.
As u uit Kambodja vertrek om Thailand binne te gaan met die doel om 'n visum te kry met die aankoms daarheen, kan die Kambodjaanse lugdiensowerhede daarop wys dat u minstens $ 600 in kontant moet hê. Dit lyk asof hierdie riglyn veral vir Indiese toeriste en moontlik strenger vir enkelreisigers toegepas word.
E-visum
Burgers van die meeste lande kan aansoek doen vir 'n e-visum aanlyn by die Ministerie van Buitelandse Sake en Internasionale Samewerking webwerf, deur 'n diens gelewer deur 'n private Kambodjaanse maatskappy (CINet[dooie skakel]). Dit is normaal Toeristevisum maar kos US $ 36 in plaas van die normale US $ 30 (Jan 2020). Die visum kom binne 3 werksdae per e-pos as 'n PDF-lêer aan. Die aansoek vereis 'n digitale foto van jouself (in .jpg-formaat). U kan u paspoortfoto skandeer of 'n paspoortfoto met 'n digitale kamera laat neem. Daar is ander webwerwe wat voorgee dat hulle 'n Kambodjaanse e-visum maak. Dit is op sy beste net aanlyn-reisagentskappe wat u meer hef en dieselfde visum vir u kry; in die slegste geval kan u 'n vals e-visum hê.
U moet druk twee kopieë (een vir toegang en een vir uitgang) van die PDF-visum, knip die visumonderdele uit en hou dit by u paspoort.
Visums vooraf (aanlyn of vanaf 'n ambassade / konsulaat) bespaar tyd aan die grens, maar is duurder. U kan egter die rye oorslaan van mense wat aansoek doen vir die aflewering van die visum, alhoewel u soms die besparende tyd aan die lughawe se bagasieriem vir u tas kan spandeer.
E-visums is slegs geldig vir lugverbindings of by die drie hoofgrensoorgange: Bavet (aan die Ho Chi Minh-stad-Phnom Penh pad); Koh Kong (naby Trat in Oos-Thailand); en Poipet (op die Bangkok-Siem Reap pad). Jy mag uitgang die land met 'n e-visum via enige grensoorgangegter. Gegewe die algemene vermindering van visumbedrog by die belangrikste landgrense, kan die betaling van die ekstra US $ 6 om die prys te waarborg (meer waarskynlik as u van Thailand af inkom) die moeite werd wees. Om 'n toeristevisum by aankoms van US $ 30 te kry, is meer waarskynlik as te veel betaal. Boonop hou dit die opsie oop vir die genot Phnom Penh-Chau Dok bootrit (en die gebruik van ander klein grensoorgange)!
Vingerafdrukke
Kambodjaanse immigrasie-owerhede nou vingerafdruk besoekers met aankoms en vertrek. Dit vind plaas by belangrike toegangspunte, soos lughawens, Poipet (op die Bangkok-Siem Reap pad), Cham Yeam (naby Koh Kong), en Bavet (op die Phnom Penh-Ho Chi Minh pad). Kleiner kruisings soos Chong Sa-Ngam / Choam (vir Anlong Veng) is nie met handskandeerders toegerus nie. Ban Pakkard / Pshar Prum (vir Pailin) versamel nou vingerafdrukke. U mag nie met die vingerafdruk bedruk word as u in 'n direkte bus is nie en u bestuurder betaal het om dinge vinniger saam te trek (waargeneem by Bavet na Phnom Penh).
Met die vliegtuig
Kambodja het internasionale lughawens by Phnom Penh (PNH IATA) en Siem Reap (REP IATA).
Direkte vlugte verbind Phnom Penh Internasionale Lughawe (voorheen Pochentong Internasionale Lughawe) met stede oral Oos en Suidoos-Asië, en Siem Reap-Angkor Internasionale Lughawe het 'n effens meer beperkte reeks vlugte.
Reisigers gaan spesifiek besoek Angkor en ander ruïnes in Noord-Wes Kambodja moet probeer om te gebruik Siem Reap aangesien dit die belangrikste lanseerpunt is en slegs enkele minute van die hoofwerwe af is. Vir die strande van die suidweste en mees buite-die-gebaande pad-bestemmings is Phnom Penh 'n beter vertrekpunt met uitgebreide binnelandse busverbindings.
Vir vlugte tussen Bangkok en Siem Reap is AirAsia meestal baie goedkoper as Bangkok Airways. As u na daardie vlugte soek, moet u seker maak dat die tweede lughawe in Bangkok nagegaan word Don Mueang[dooie skakel] (DMK IATA).
Laekostedraer Air Asia het vlugte vanaf Kuala Lumpur en Bangkok aan Phnom Penh en Kuala Lumpur aan Siem Reap, terwyl Jetstar Asia het begin vlieg vanaf Singapoer aan Siem Reap en Phnom Penh. HK Express vlieg elke Dinsdag, Donderdag en Sondag vanaf Siem Reap Hongkong.
Ander lugrederye wat vlugte van / na Kambodja bedryf, sluit in Asiana Airlines, Bangkok Airways, China Southern Airlines, Dragonair, Eva Airways, Koreaanse lug, Lao Airlines, Malaysia Airlines (MAS), Siem Reap Airways ('n filiaal van Bangkok Airways), SilkAir, Singapore Airlines, Thai Airways International, en Vietnam Airlines.
Per pad
In die onderstaande lys van grense kom die Kambodjaanse stad tweede; bv: Aranyaprathet is die grensdorp in Thailand, terwyl Poipet is in Kambodja.
Thailand
Bedrogspul waarskuwing Pasop vir swendelary as u Kambodja oor land binnekom. Die algemeenste is die inflasie van die visumfooi van die amptelike US $ 30 tot 1200 baht (US $ 35) wat deur Kambodjaanse maatwerkoffisiere gehef word, maar dit is maklik om te hanteer. In Poipet, wat 'n visumvrye gebied is, kan u altyd u Thaise baht in Amerikaanse dollars verander met sigaretverkopers of restaurante. Dring daarop aan om u visum met Amerikaanse dollars te betaal. As u met persoonlike beamptes te doen het, sal u nog 'n lang pad hê om vas te hou en te glimlag. As u nie 'n ID-foto vir die visumaansoek het nie, moet u dit nie meer as US $ 2 vra nie. U kan ook u visum vooraf kry - van 'n Kambodjaanse ambassade / konsulaat (indien nodig deur 'n agentskap) of van die e-Visa-webwerf. Sien die Visums afdeling vir volledige besonderhede. Swendelary in die verlede het die reisigers aangedui dat hulle visumpryse pryse van 'n konsulaat moet kry voordat hulle na die grens gaan (nie waar nie), boetes omdat hulle nie 'n inentingsertifikaat oorhandig het nie (alhoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie), en 50 baht vir 'n (valse) ) SARS-gesondheidsvorm en die afdwinging van 'n denkbeeldige vereiste van 100 dollar aan Kambodjaanse ruiluitruiling (teen slegte tariewe). |
Al ses grensoorgange met Thailand is oop 07: 00-20: 00. Elkeen bied Kambodjaanse visums by aankoms aan. Al die oorgange word in beide lande deur geplaveide paaie bedien.
Die meeste Thaise busse ry na maar nie dwars nie elkeen van die kruisings. Uitsonderings sluit in die direkte busdienste vanaf Bangkok na Siem Reap en Phnom Penh, wat deur die Thaise staatsbusmaatskappy bestuur word.
In Kambodja is vier van die ses grensdorpe (Poipet, Koh Kong, Daun Lem en O'Smach) word direk met busse bedien. Pailin, Anlong Veng en Samraong (elk minder as 20 km vanaf 'n grens) word elk met busse bedien; motorfietse en gedeelde taxi's verbind elk van die dorpe met hul onderskeie grensoorgange.
Kambodja s'n besigste landoorgang is by Aranyaprathet/ Poipet op die Bangkok - Siem Reap pad in Noord-Wes Kambodja. Die paaie is nou heeltemal geplavei van Poipet na Siem Reap, Battambang en Phnom Penh.
Kus Kambodja en die suidelike deel van die land Kardemom- en Olifantberge streek word bedien deur die Hoed Lek/Koh Kong grens. Die pad gaan al die pad tot by Sihanoukville. Van Trat in Thailand is daar 'n minibus na die grens. In Kambodja verbind minibusse of taxi's die grens met Sihanoukville en Phnom Penh. Die bootdiens Koh Kong - Sihanoukville is nie meer beskikbaar nie.
Die vorige Roue Khmer vesting van Anlong Veng is naby die Chong Sa-Ngam (in Si Saket Provinsie)/Choam grens. Pol Pot is vermoor en verbrand binne loopafstand van immigrasie.
Verbetering van paaie in Noordwes-Kambodja maak Samraong as 'n vervoersentrum te voorskyn kom. Dit is naby die Chong Jom (in Provinsie Surin)/O'Smach grens en goed gekoppel aan Siem Reap.
Oos-Thailand gekoppel is aan Battambang en Siem Reap deur die Ban Pakard (in Chanthaburi-provinsie)/ Phra Prom (naby Pailin) kruising, wat 'n minder stresvolle en skilderagtige alternatief bied vir die noordeliker groot kruising by Poipet.
Die geografies naaste kruising aan Battambang is dit by Ban Leam (in Chanthaburi-provinsie) / Daun Lem. Paramount Angkor bestuur busse na Battambang maar vanaf Maart 2012 is die pad aan die Kambodjaanse kant nog nie heeltemal geplavei nie.
Vietnam
Bedrogspul waarskuwing Busoperateurs van Ho Chi Minh aan Phnom Penh bedrieg buitelandse toeriste deur by aankoms 'n ekstra US $ 5 vir die Kambodjaanse visum te vra. As u nie die ekstra heffing instem nie en die onafhanklike visum probeer bekom, sal u aan die grens vasgevang wees. (In Julie 2017 het alle busmaatskappye US $ 5 ekstra gevra vir 'n Kambodjaanse visum, aangesien dit die grensoorgangsproses versnel.) |
Viëtnamese visums moet vooraf by 'n ambassade of konsulaat verkry word (maklik in Kambodja gereël word), of aanlyn goedgekeur word in geval van nasionaliteite wat in aanmerking kom vir die e-Visa-program. Viëtnam-e-visums is vir die meeste geldig, maar nie alle grensoorgange nie (byvoorbeeld, dit kan nie gebruik word om van Banlung na Pleiku te gaan nie). Vietnam se "visum met aankoms", wat nou 'n minder algemene opsie is, is slegs geldig vir lughaweaankomings, nie vir landkruise nie.
Die hoofoorgang is die Moc Bai / Bavet-kruising op die Ho Chi Minh-stad - Phnom Penh pad. Busse tussen die twee stede kos US $ 8-12 en duur ongeveer 6 uur. Passasiers ontruim die voertuig by albei lande se kontrolepunte. Slegs een paspoortfoto is nodig vir 'n Kambodjaanse visum by aankoms. Toere deur die Mekong Delta (US $ 25-35, 2-3 dae) kan 'n meer insiggewende reis tussen die twee stede bied.
Deur middel van kaartjies na Siem Reap is ook beskikbaar (US $ 18), alhoewel dit goedkoper is om 'n kaartjie na Phnom Penh te koop en dan vervoer met een van die vele verbindingsbusse.
Naby die kus is die Xa Xia / Prek Chak-grens. Kambodjaanse visums is by aankoms beskikbaar. Busse ry tussen Ha Tien in Vietnam tot Sihanoukville en Phnom Penh in Kambodja.
Kusgebiede word ook bedien deur die Tinh Bien / Phnom Den-grens naby Chau Dok in Vietnam.
Die Xa Mat / Trapeang Phlong kruising op die Ho Chi Minh-stad - Kampong Cham openbare vervoer word nie goed bedien nie, maar kan nuttig wees vir toegang tot Kampong Cham en Oos-Kambodja.
Banlung in Noord Oos-Kambodja word bedien deur 'n kruising by Le Tanh / O Yadaw naby Pleiku in Vietnam. As u van Viëtnam na Kambodja oorsteek, kan u 'n Kambodjaanse visum by aankoms hier kry. Een foto benodig. As u die ander kant op pad is, van Kambodja na Vietnam, moet u gewaarsku word dat e-visums nie aanvaar word as u Vietnam by hierdie grensoorgang binnekom nie, en dit sal dus slegs geld vir mense wie se nasionaliteite visumvrye toegang tot Vietnam het of wat reeds tradisionele visum van 'n ambassade / konsulaat in hul paspoorte. Die Viëtnamese toegangspunt sluit om 17:30 vir buitelanders.
Laos
Bedrogspul waarskuwing Busoperateurs wat vanaf Suid-Laos na Kambodja ry, sal passasiers 'n addisionele bedrag van US $ 10 vra bo en behalwe die fooi vir aankoms om die grensoorgang te vergemaklik. Om nie in te stem vir die ekstra koste nie en om die visum meer dikwels as onafhanklik te probeer bekom, lei daartoe dat u aan die grens verlaat word; alle busmaatskappye is daarby betrokke, aangesien die samewerking waarskynlik sal meebring dat hulle nie oorsteek nie en sodoende hul besigheid benadeel. Kyk verder hieronder vir meer inligting en instruksies oor hoe u nie-amptelike fooie kan betaal nie, wat u baie geduld en uithouvermoë verg. |
Stung Treng in Kambodja gekoppel is aan Pakse en die Vier Duisend Eilande streek van Laos by die Voeung Kam / Dom Kralor-grens. Vervoer is nie altyd beskikbaar nie. Kambodjaanse en Lao-visums kan by die grens verkry word. Reisagentskappe aan beide kante bied grensoorgangspakkette aan.
As u 'n kaartjie koop van 'n bestemming in Laos na een in Kambodja (een van die algemeenste wesens) Don Det aan Siem Reap) en u wil hê dat die grensoorgang so moeilik as moontlik moet wees, aanvaar dat u boonop 'n addisionele US $ 10 sal moet betaal bo en behalwe die visum-by-aankomstfooi van US $ 30 (vanaf 2019). Die VS $ 10 bestaan uit:
- US $ 5 Visa-verwerkingsfooi (visumprys verklaar as $ 35)
- $ 2 Seëlgeld aan die Lao-kant
- $ 2 Seëlgeld aan die Kambodjaanse kant
- Hulpfooi van $ 1 vir die fasiliteerder omdat hy die Lao-afritstempel en die Kambodjaanse visum vir u kry
Die volgende is wat u te wagte kan wees as u besluit om op hierdie manier te gaan.
'N Willekeurige man sal jou bus een keer naby die grens betree, wat paspoorte en US $ 40 eis; ander kere sal u by die Laos-immigrasie-kontrolepunt uit die bus klim, en die ou sal op 'n tafel sit, met 'n ander fasiliteerder wat almal beveel om daarheen te gaan en u paspoort en geld in te handig. U sal gevra word om die aansoekvorm vir visum by aankoms in te vul, soms gebeur dit al in die bus. Die vorm word saam met u paspoort ingehandig.
Loop van die Lao na die Kambodjaanse kontrolepunt sodra u aangesê word, ontvang dan u toegangsstempel nadat u vingerafdrukke verstrek en 'n foto van u laat neem. U paspoort, wat nou 'n nuwe Kambodjaanse visum bevat, sal 'n tydjie teruggestuur word tussen die kruising van die twee kontrolepunte of in die gebou aan die Kambodjaanse kant, afhangende van die snelheid van die fasiliteerders en die immigrasiebeamptes.
Nadat u u toegangsstempel ontvang het, sal u die gebou verlaat en na die geïmproviseerde restaurante stap vyf minute vanaf die grensgebou, waar u bus / minibus (teoreties) vertrek nadat al u medepassasiers aangekom het. Dikwels sal u uiteindelik een tot twee uur wag. Waarskuwing: Mense wat met VIP-busse na Siem Reap of Phnom Penh bespreek word, sal dikwels sien dat hulle 'n propvol minibus moet neem eerder as die geboekte bus, en dat daar verskeie vervoer onderweg kan plaasvind. Protes is vrugteloos, want daar is net toeristebusse in die omgewing; hierdie grens word gebruik deur relatief min plaaslike inwoners.
Dit is moontlik om al hierdie nie-amptelike fooie te omseil - maar net as u nie maklik geïntimideer word nie en 'n hoë frustrasietoleransie het. 'N Belangrike onderdeel om u kanse om dieselfde dag in Kambodja te bereik, aansienlik verhoog, is om u visum vooraf te kry. Dit is ook die beste om te verhoed dat u bus verlaat word nie enige vervoer vanaf die grens te bespreek; Lees die volledige instruksies om te verstaan waarom. Die volgende is slegs haalbaar as u op een van die 4000 eilande of in die onmiddellike omgewing tuisgaan.
Reël eers u vervoer aan (maar nie van die grens nie). Dit kan bespreek word by enige agentskap op Don Det, Don Khon of in Verban Nakasang. Aangesien ontkenning van die nie-amptelike fooie tot gevolg sal hê dat u oorsteek vir 'n onbekende tyd vertraag word, en omdat u verdere vervoer moet kry, is dit verstandig om so vroeg as moontlik na die grens te kom. Aangesien bote die eilande eers vanaf 08:00 begin verlaat, is 'n tuk-tuk (70 000 kip vir twee mense na bedinging) waarskynlik die beste keuse; daar is baie by Ban Nakasang se mark. Om eerder 'n gedeelde minibus te kies, sal goedkoper wees (60 000 kip vir twee mense), maar u sal seker moet wag, en as u saam met ander reisigers kom wat waarskynlik die fooie sal betaal, sal dit u saak verswak.
Sodra u by die grens is, gaan u na die immigrasiebalies (verby 'n bord wat amptelik lyk met verskillende fooie) en gee u paspoort oor; U sal nou gevra word om US $ 2 te betaal om die uitgangstempel te ontvang. As dit 'n naweek is, sal u hoor dat dit 'n 'oortydfooi' is, terwyl u op weeksdae enigiets van 'inkfooi' tot 'administrasiefooi' kan sê tot geen verduideliking nie. Weier beleefd en taktvol om te betaal as hulle nie 'n amptelike kwitansie kan gee nie (wat hulle nie sal doen nie). Wag nou, en dring daarop aan om nie u paspoort terug te neem voordat dit gestempel word nie. Moenie sonder vertrekstempel vertrek nie, want die Kambodjaanse amptenare sal weier om u daarsonder te verwerk. Die Lao-amptenare kan u vra om terug te gaan na Laos, u te ignoreer en op hul fone te speel, en / of hulle sal die toonbank sluit en voorgee dat hulle die dag klaarmaak. Staan vas, die stempel kom - die wagtyd kan tussen 15 minute en enkele ure duur. Bring water, 'n bietjie kos, vasberadenheid, geduld, en moenie humeur verloor of kwaad word vir die amptenare nie; hulle versamel die geld op bestelling van bo af, en slegte gedrag sal dinge nie bespoedig nie.
Die derde stap is om voort te gaan met en die hantering van die Kambodjaanse immigrasiepolisie. As u na die ander kant toe loop, sien u miskien 'n tent en mense wat u vra om na 'n "gesondheidstoets" toe te gaan wat US $ 1 kos. Berigte op die internet dui daarop dat u eenvoudig verby kan stap, maar 'n beter, minder konfronterende manier is om 'n mediese / reisversekeringsertifikaat, 'n inentingsboekie of iets soos die twee voormalige te toon, omdat hulle dan die tjek vir u sal laat vaar . Kambodjaanse amptenare sal dit nie nodig hê as u die gebou binnekom nie.
Hopelik het u reeds 'n Kambodjaanse visum; so nie, sal u nou na die toonbank vir aankoms vir visums moet gaan, waar die beampte in beheer US $ 35 vir 'n toeristevisum sal eis (tipe "T" - die amptelike prys wat deur die Kambodjaanse regering gepubliseer word, is US $ 30). In teenstelling met hul eweknieë in Lao, is die Kambodjaanse amptenare vinnig besig om hul stem te verhef en op u te skree as u nie aan hul eise toegee nie. Different reports on the net suggest that standing your ground will also get you the visa for the official price eventually, again with the waiting time totally depending on the officer and how diplomatic your behaviour is.
At last, you'll have to get your entry stamp. If you obtained your visa in advance, you will be asked for US$2 after providing your fingerprints and having your photo taken. Refusing to pay will once more result in short tempers, but according to a number of reports the Cambodian officials are quick to give in, saving you another possibly hour-long wait. It is unknown whether they will still ask for this fee if they relented earlier by giving you the visa on arrival for US$30.
If you managed to get through without paying: Congratulations. Your last job for the day is to find onward transport to your destination, which shouldn't prove too difficult if you arrived before mid-afternoon; just don't expect a comfortable seat (but rather sitting in the aisle), as travellers who pre-booked their transport have priority. If you had a bus booked already, chances are that it's gone. It may be a lot less stressful to just go as far as Stung Treng, spend the night there and continue your journey the following morning. Tickets to all major destinations can be booked at any guesthouse in town.
Per boot
Van Laos - Since the reopening of the land border, it's no longer possible to take a boat from Laos to reach Cambodia.
Van Thailand - There are no ferry services between Cambodia and Thailand. Die Sihanoukville-Koh Kong ferry no longer runs.
Van Vietnam - It's possible to travel between Ho Chi Minh City and Phnom Penh by boat, or by combination of road and boat. Fast boats leave daily from Chau Doc in Vietnam's Mekong Delta and take 5h to reach Phnom Penh. Chau Doc is a four hour drive from Ho Chi Minh City. A popular overland route is to make a three day trip, stopping at Can Tho and Chau Doc before taking the boat to Phnom Penh.
Exclusively for yacht cruises - Members of the crew and passengers of cruise boats can obtain a visa upon arrival at the Sihanoukville Autonomous Port. Paperwork arrival in the new marina. You must first report data on the boat, the crew and passport copies to the office of the Marina Oceania Harbour Master. Visa fee is US$25 for 30 days.
Kry rond
Met die vliegtuig
The domestic aviation scene in Cambodia has improved. Three airports operate scheduled passenger flights: Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, en Sihanoukville.
The main operator is Cambodia Angkor Air, a joint venture between the government and Vietnam Airlines, which flies between Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, Sihanoukville, and airports in China, Thailand, and Vietnam.
A charter service, Aero Cambodia, operates from Phnom Penh to Cambodia's other 16 airports using twin engine 10-70 seat aircraft.
Per helikopter
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Helistar Cambodia, a VIP helicopter charter and scenic flights company, operate to virtually anywhere in Cambodia. Helicopters can be chartered to fly from Phnom Penh en Siem Reap for one-way or return journeys. The basic hourly charter rate is US$1,700 per flight hour plus 10% VAT and 10% SPT. They operate modern, air conditioned Eurocopter Ecureuils with seating for up to 6 passengers. They also have licensed foreign pilots. A pick-up and set-down transfer service is also available at both international airports.
By road
The Cambodian government has upgraded roads throughout the country. Finding an unsealed road is actually quite a challenge and most travellers will not have any horror stories of car-swallowing ruts or wet-season quagmires. For the time being, notable unpaved roads that would be of use to travellers are: Battambang-Koh Kong (a great dirt bike adventure across the mountains or a long detour by bus via Phnom Penh), access to the Banteay Chhmar temples (a high-quality unsealed road, as good as a sealed road during the dry season) and the road between Sen Monorom en Banlung (if there's any remote jungle left in Cambodia, it'll be here). The borders, coast and major cities are all well-connected with good roads.
Longer journeys in Cambodia can be taken by bus, pickup truck of shared taxi. In many towns, whichever of these are available will be found at the local market square. Larger towns and cities will have bus stations. Buses may also serve their companies' offices, which may be more convenient than the bus station: this is particularly true in Siem Reap. To find bus tickets, the website Camboticket is useful for searching multiple companies. Giant Ibis en Mekong Express has the best reputation for comfort, safety, and reliability and consequently charge a premium. Sorya (formerly Ho Wah Genting) and GST offer a slightly cheaper no-frills service. Capitol runs between its central offices, making for city centre-to-city centre travel. Ramshackled peasant mover Paramount Angkor Transport is great for accessing more remote places but low on comfort and safety.
Avoid VR Express and Phnom Penh Sorya Transport Co. They have a history of threatening customers, manipulating, lying, and being unhelpful and rude. They prioritize cheating passengers of their money.
Indeed bus safety is a big problem in Cambodia. On Hwy 5, between Phnom Penh and Battambang, there are dozens of bus crashes annually, many of them horrendous, with multiple fatalities. There are even bus-on-bus crashes. Drivers are untrained, impatient, and (according to those working in roadside gas stations) sometimes drunk. Most of these accidents go unreported, but frequent travellers on Highway 5 can typically observe half a dozen bus crashes in a month. Night buses are particularly risky - again, Giant Ibis and Mekong Express have the best reputations.
Generally bus travel is cheap, with journeys from Phnom Penh aan Siem Reap of Sihanoukville costing around US$5. Bring along something warm if you don't like freezing air conditioning and earplugs if you don't like Khmer karaoke. There are a few night-time services but most buses leave in the morning and the last ones leave in the afternoon. Among night buses Giant Ibis and Mekong Express are the most comfortable, with nearly flat bunks (though if you're taller than 1.65 meters or so you'll have to sleep with your knees bent).
Some believe taxis are safer for inter-city travel, but taxis also often go way too fast, and so are involved in numerous fatal accidents. The front seat in a taxi from Phnom Penh to Battambang should cost you about US$25.
For short distances, the once-ubiquitous motorcycle taxis have been replaced by tuk-tuks, motorized three-wheeled rickshaws. Anywhere remotely touristy will have plenty of drivers hanging around offering you a tuk-tuk ride. Agree on a fare and make sure the driver knows your destination voorheen you get in the vehicle. Many drivers speak very little English, and some are illiterate even in Khmer, so communicating your destination can sometimes be a challenge. If you want to avoid all that, consider a ride hailing app like PassApp, which can be used to call rickshaws or regular taxis and determines the price automatically (you pay in cash). Even with PassApp, though, pay attention to where your driver is going because sometimes they get confused about the directions. Try to learn the Khmer words for "left" and "right". And if you plan to ride more than 10–15 minutes in a tuk-tuk, consider buying a paper dust mask like a fair number of locals do, to protect you from dirt, dust, and traffic exhaust.
Motorcycle rentals are available in many towns, with the notable exception of Siem Reap, which has outlawed the practice. Be careful if driving yourself: driving practices are vastly different from developed countries. Local road 'rules' will also differ from city to city. Moreover, to drive in Cambodia you're required to have a Cambodian driver's license; international driving permits are not accepted. If you consider traveling alone, it’s worth remembering that English is rarely spoken outside of main towns and cities, and hazards are numerous, including the possibility of land mines. For this reason, guided tours are worth considering.
Per boot
Ferries operate seasonally along many of the major rivers. Major routes include Phnom Penh aan Siem Reap en Siem Reap aan Battambang. Die Sihanoukville aan Koh Kong ferry no longer runs. Boats are slower than road transport, charge higher prices for foreigners, and are sometimes overcrowded and unsafe. Then again, Cambodia's highways are also dangerous, and boats are probably the safer of the two options. The high speed boat from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap costs US$33 and takes about 6 hours, departing at 07:30, and offers a spectacular view of rural life along the Tonle Sap River.
There are also a few luxury boats operating between Siem Reap, Phnom Penh and Saigon. For something around US$150/day including accommodation, food and excursions, it's a good alternative to regular boat service.
The boat trip between Siem Reap and Battambang takes longer (especially in the dry season), and is less comfortable and more expensive than taking a seat in a share taxi, but is favoured by some travellers for its up-close view of subsistence farming (and hundreds of waving children) along the river. Taking the boat late in the dry season (Apr-May) is not advisable as low water levels mean that you must transfer to smaller vessels in mid-river.
Met die trein
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There are passenger trains from Phnom Penh going to Sihanoukville via Kampot from Monday to Friday at 7:00 and from Friday to Monday at 16:00. The journey lasts roughly seven hours and is thus slower than by bus.
The carriages are air conditioned and have free wi-fi. There are power outlets at every seat. Toilets are also available.A one way ticket from Phnom Penh to Kampot is US$6. A one way ticket from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville costs US$7.
There are plans to link the network with the Thai and Vietnamese railway networks. 2017 information points towards a 2018 opening date for the line.
The train doesn't leave when you think it will. Be sure you get your tickets from the station itself, and ask for the boarding time. Getting seats outbound from Phnom Penh is more crowded. The first stretch west passes through ramshackle camps built along the rail line, and sprawling suburban construction, then a non-descript countryside. The train stops briefly, there a good food vendors if you act quickly, then the second leg is through beautiful hills and paddies to Kampot, again with good food vendors at the station as train time nears.Seven hours doesn't seem like a long time, but it starts to drag. The return trip to Phnom Penh gets in very late, and it's difficult to find a tuktuk or taxi. Also, unless your hotel is near the station, you'll be disoriented from your normal route routine, so it's good to have your hotel or hospice card and phone number to give to the driver. Even then, it helps to have sketched out your return route from the train station. You'll be exhausted from seven hours riding on the train, and worse with a tuktuk driver going in circles at night trying to find your hotel. Don't assume they can read a map or know how to find your hotel. You should know the Khmer words for Left, Right and Stop to direct them to it.
By bamboo train
Despite the lack of normal train services there are bamboo trains of noris running around Battambang, and you can also travel on a bamboo train from the outskirts of Phnom Penh to Battambang on demand. These trains are home made railcars which carry just about anything, pigs, motorcycles, crops, you name it, as long as it fits on the train. They are also great fun to ride on and they are actually reasonably safe, and the drivers are friendly. They cost around US$2 per person for a short journey and around US$6 to hire one with a driver. Ask locally where you can find a norry, or you can find one at Battambang station.
Praat
- See also:Khmer phrasebook
Cambodians primarily speak Khmer, which unlike most languages in the region is not tonal, but makes up for it with a large assortment of consonant and vowel clusters. You will find people who speak basic to fluent English in major towns and cities. In tourist market situations, most Cambodians will know enough English to complete a basic transaction, though many vendors carry calculators into which they punch numbers and show you the screen to indicate the price. Mandarin is also reasonably widely spoken in the tourism industry, due to increasing numbers of Chinese tourists.
A few educated senior citizens can also speak Frans, a relic of the colonial period when it was a medium of instruction in schools. Because the Khmer Rouge targeted for extermination anyone capable of speaking a foreign language, actually encountering anyone fluent in French is very rare outside Phnom Penh. Duits and other European tongues can be found in the tourist centres (but are even rarer than French). Korean is also a popular language for tourist industry workers. Nevertheless, if you cannot speak Khmer, English remains your best bet.
Chinese dialects, Thai and Vietnamese are spoken in Phnom Penh. Thai is more prevalent in northwestern provinces, whereas Vietnamese dominates southeastern provinces. Teochew is the main dialect spoken among the ethnic Chinese community.
Sien
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Cambodia's main sight is so famous and grand, it's also one of the prime destinations in all of Asia. The magnificent and awe-inspiring temples of the Angkor Archaeological Park draw huge and diverse crowds, who come to admire their enormous symbolism and sheer magnitude. It's a place not to be missed on any trip to the region, worth every bit of the often sweltering heat. Finding a somewhat private spot for sundown over the temples can be a challenge, but the colours are wonderful. Start early to beat the crowds at the mysterious Ta Prohm complex. Made extra famous as a filming location for Tomb Raider, the ruins overgrown by huge jungle trees make for one of the most atmospheric sites at Angkor.
Close to the capital city of Phnom Penh, die Choeung Ek Memorial, better known as the Killing fields — while shocking and sad — leaves a long-lasting impression. Excellent tours are available, providing an insight into the outrageous atrocities committed by the Khmer Rouge. For further insights, the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum is the main place to visit.
- Go on a boat party in Phnom Penh
- Go hiking in Bokor National Park
- See endangered river dolphins in Kratie
- Boat through to the floating village and have lunch aboard the floating restaurant near Siem Reap
Koop
Money
Exchange rates for Cambodian riel Vanaf Januarie 2020:
Exchange rates fluctuate. Current rates for these and other currencies are available from XE.com |
Large Bills ATMs in Cambodia dispense US currency and generally in large denomination bills such as US$50 and US$100. These can occasionally be troublesome to change; however, most hotels, restaurants, and large businesses, and many market traders (look for a glass cabinet filled with money) will accept and change them. Tuk-tuk drivers and street vendors generally will not have change for anything larger than US$20. In addition, due to counterfeiting, large bills not in excellent condition are often met with suspicion. |
Die Cambodian riel, denoted by the symbol "៛" (ISO code: KHR), and the US dollar (USD) are both official currencies. The riel generally used only for small transactions (i.e. below US$1). US coins are not used. Most ATMs only dispense US dollars, although some are loaded with both currencies.
The Cambodian Central Bank maintains the riel at 4100 riel to the dollar. In day-to-day commerce, 4,000 riel per dollar is ubiquitous. So US$1.50 is one dollar and 2,000 riel, or 6,000 riel. Riel notes go as high as 100,000 riel (US$25) but 10,000 riel (US$2.50) is the highest denomination that is commonly encountered. Riel only have value outside Cambodia as souvenirs; they're hard to exchange anywhere else.
Near the Thai border (for example Battambang, Koh Kong, en Poipet) Thai baht is commonly accepted but the locals use an unfavourable 30 baht to the dollar as a rule of thumb. Try to change any baht rather than spend them as banks and money changers will give you a much better rate.
Banks sometimes operate as Western Union money transfer agents.
Changing money
Baht and other major currencies (euros, pounds sterling) can easily be exchanged in any city. Shop around if you are keen on saving money; there is no hard-and-fast rule as to whether banks or money changers will offer the best rates.
Torn or old foreign currency notes may be difficult to exchange, except US$1 bills which change hands often. Cambodian banks will refuse US$2 bills and notes without the security strip. Refusing imperfect notes is normal, traders may try to take advantage of tourists' naïveté and try to get rid of them. Just smile and hand them back.
Cards and ATMs
ATMs are spreading far beyond the main cities. They are generally compatible with Maestro, Cirrus, MasterCard and Visa cards.
Cash advances on credit cards are also possible at most banks.
VISA and MasterCard and JCB are the most widely accepted credit cards; American Express cards are slowly becoming more widely accepted.
ATMs dispense US dollars in varying denominations from 10-100. If you receive bills in poor condition (especially US$50 or US$100) from an ATM attached directly to a bank try to change them there immediately as they may be difficult to change later.
Cambodian ATMs only accept 4-digit PINs. If your PIN is more than 4 digits, best to take care of that at home before you need cash and find yourself out of luck.
There is a US$5 ATM fee to get money from any ATM in Cambodia.
Traveller's cheques
Traveller's cheques, like credit cards, are accepted in major business establishments, such as large hotels, some restaurants, travel agencies and some souvenir shops; American Express (in US dollars) are the most widely accepted. However, competitive rates are only usually found in banks in Cambodia's larger cities, and guesthouses in heavily visited areas may offer similar services but at horrendous rates. The usual fee for cashing traveller's cheques is 2% with a US$2 minimum.
Costs
Cambodia can be a real budget destination, but you have to seek out bargains and haggle hard for that to be true. Anything aimed at international tourists will be very expensive by local standards and sometimes even as expensive as the U.S. or Europe. That said, if you avoid the main tourist haunts, haggle skillfully (see below), and aren't too picky, prices can go down considerably. For a serious budget traveler, US$5 per night for lodging and US$1-2 for a meal is possible. A more typical backpacker might pay $10 for a hostel bunk and $5 or so for a meal.
Haggling
You can get away with pretty much haggling for anything in Cambodia. Restaurants, outdoor food stalls, even rates for guesthouses. The Khmer are notoriously quiet up to a point of no return. They do not lose face, they lose their temper. However, there are a few guidelines:
- Many products, especially those not aimed at tourists, are fixed price, and while it is possible to get a minor discount if you ask, you cannot get things significantly cheaper than this. Many markets have the prices of goods painted on the walls (in Khmer).
- Products and services aimed at tourists are usually marked up, and you moet haggle (and shop around to compare prices) if you don't want to get ripped off. In markets with no listed prices, expect to be quoted the "tourist price".
- In Cambodia where dining out isn't really common among local people, most restaurants cater almost entirely to foreigners and tend to be a little bit more expensive than neighbouring countries. However in Siem Reap, it is, sometimes if not always, possible to haggle with street food vendors over the portion of a dish, free side dish, and get 20-30% discount.
- The US dollar is widely used in Cambodia but no circulation of coins will end up giving you a lot of Cambodian riels when the price you pay is not an integer. This gives a chance for short-changing, which is particularly popular in several grocery stores in Siem Reap. For example, you give US$1 for buying a bottle of water which is US$0.60, the staff should return the amount of riel equivalent to US$0.40, but they may keep some of them. The money cheated is usually minimal. Just be quick at mental arithmetic.
- Haggle in groups. Having two other friends will make it much easier to convince Cambodians to give a discount: one person can play bad cop, the other good cop.
- Ask to speak with the manager/owner (this applies to guesthouse and restaurants). Usually if you try to haggle at a restaurant or guesthouse the employee will say that the boss needs to be there. If so, then just ask to speak with him or ask the employee to speak with him. You would be surprised at how easy it is to haggle down once you speak to the boss, many times he doesn't even want to be bothered and will give the discount to you.
- Never pay the asking price for anything near the temples of Angkor. This includes books, souvenirs, paintings, water and food. During the off-season, the food stalls near the temples will have a separate menu, ask for it. You can even bargain on top of that too. It's much harder to bargain at the food stalls at Angkor Wat and especially at the breakfast restaurants across the street from Angkor Wat.
- Try not to haggle too harshly with the motorbike drivers and tuk-tuks that work near where you stay. Most are honest, but they will look after your safety more if you are seen as a good customer. Some will decide they will get the money from you another way, and could take you to be mugged. Agree upon the fare before your ride or you may get into a very uncomfortable situation.
- If haggling isn't your strong point the easiest way to get a good price at a market is to pick up an item, ask how much it is, look disappointed and start to walk away. The price will usually drop as you walk away with vendors unlikely to go below this second price.
Siem Reap is the easiest place to bargain, Phnom Penh may be a little harder, but still worth trying. Just be polite and persistent.
Eet
While not the strongest link in Suidoos-Asië's chain of delightful cuisines, Khmer food is tasty and cheap. Rice and occasionally noodles are the staples. Unlike in Thailand or Lao, spicy hot food is not the mainstay; black pepper is preferred over chilli peppers, though chillis are usually served on the side. Thai and Vietnamese influences can be noted in Khmer food, although Cambodians love strong sour tastes in their dishes. Prahok, a local fish paste, is common in Khmer cooking and may not please Western palates. Indian and Chinese restaurants have a healthy representation in Phnom Penh and the larger towns. Western food can be readily found in most restaurants in any of the tourist areas of Cambodia and Cambodia offers some of the best budget western meals in SE Asia. However, while still inexpensive, a western meal will often be double the price of a Khmer meal.
Typical Khmer dishes include:
- Amok - Arguably the most well known Cambodian dish. A coconut milk curried dish less spicy than those found in Thailand. Amok is usually made with chicken, fish, or shrimp, plus some vegetables. It is sometimes served in a hollowed-out coconut with rice on the side. Quite delicious.
- K'tieu (Kuytheav) - A noodle soup generally served for breakfast. Can be made with pork, beef or seafood. Flavourings are added to the customers taste in the form of lime juice, chili powder, sugar and fish sauce.
- Somlah Machou Khmae - A sweet and sour soup made with pineapple, tomatoes and fish.
- Bai Sarch Ch'rouk - Another breakfast staple. Rice (bai) with pork meat (sarch chrouk) often barbequed. Very tasty and served with some pickled vegetables.
- Saik Ch'rouk Cha Kn'yei - Pork fried with ginger. Ginger is commonly used as a vegetable. This tasty dish is available just about everywhere.
- Lok lak - Chopped up beef cooked quickly. Probably a holdover from the days of French colonization. Served with a simple dipping sauce made from lime juice and black pepper, lettuce, onion, and often with chips.
- Mi/Bai Chaa - Fried noodles or rice. Never particularly inspiring, but a good traveller's staple.
- Trey Ch'ien Chou 'Ayme - Trey (fish) fried with a sweet chili sauce and vegetables. Very tasty. Chou 'ayme is the phrase for "sweet and sour".
- K'dam - Crab. Kampot in the south is famous for its crab cooked in locally sourced black pepper. A very tasty meal.
Don't forget Khmer desserts - Pong Aime (sweets). These are available from stalls in most Khmer towns and can be excellent. Choose from a variety of sweetmeats and have them served with ice, condensed milk and sugar water. A must try is the Tuk-a-loc, a blended drink of fruits, raw egg, sweetened condensed milk and ice. Also keep an eye out for waffle street vendors. The farther you are from hotel row, the better the coconut waffle batter. On the south edge of town the coconut waffles are so good they make your feet dance.
Perhaps the tastiest treat is the wide variety of fresh fruit available from markets. The prices vary according to which fruit is in season but mangoes (around Khmer New Year, with up to 9 varieties on sale) and mangosteen (May/June) are both superb. Dragonfruit has a pink and green tinged skin. Inside is either white with tiny black seeds, or if you can find it, florescent juicy-red inside. A prized treat in August is durian, a large spiky green fruit like a rounded football. Stop at a few vendors to watch and learn what is fresh and what is older. It comes and goes quickly so don't overthink it. And definitely haggle, the price is very high. Durian is considered almost a ceremonial dish if you have a Cambodian friend you would like to treat. The trick is to not open the fruit until right when you eat it. Just opened, it's fragrant and ambrosial if truly ripe. After some time it gets the famous 'stink' you won't forget. Restaurants will not let you eat it on their premises for this reason. Jackfruit is similar but without the 'stink', and can be found sliced, rather like pineapple in appearance. And don't miss the delicious local bananas, ripe guavas, green coconuts, and hairy rambutans. Although not a fruit sugar cane juice is sold from street carts that crush it while you watch, a very inexpensive and safe way to replenish fluids and an energy boost.
Other popular Khmer foods which may be less palatable to foreigners include pregnant eggs (duck eggs with the embryo still inside), and almost every variety of creepy or crawly animal (spiders, crickets, water beetles) as well as barbecued rats, frogs, snakes, bats and small birds.
Drink
The tap water supply in Phnom Penh has undergone some serious changes at the hands of a "water revolutionary" in the government, Ek Sonn Chan. So, in Phnom Penh you can drink the tap water without problem, although it's highly chlorinated and you may not like the taste. Also, there is some concern about the bottle water vendors. The US Embassy website says that "In 2008, Cambodia's Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy reported that more than 100 bottled water companies in Cambodia were being considered for closure for failing to meet minimum production quality standards. Only 24 of the 130 bottled water companies are compliant with the ministry's Department of Industrial Standards." That page seems to be down on bottled water generally, so take it with a grain of salt.
Outside of Phnom Penh (and perhaps Siem Reap) you should assume that tap water is not potable. Khmer brand water in blue plastic bottles sell for 1,000 riel or less (although prices are often marked up for tourists, to 50 cents or a US dollar).
Soft drinks
Iced coffee is ubiquitous in Cambodia. It's made Vietnamese-style, freshly brewed and mixed with sweetened condensed milk. Walk past a local eatery any time of the day and you are bound to see at least a table of locals drinking them. One glass costs 1,500-2,000 riel. Iced tea made with lemon and sugar is also refreshing and ubiquitous.
Fresh coconut can be found everywhere, you could say it is ubiquitous, and is healthy and sanitary if drunk straight from the fruit.
Sugar cane juice is freshly made and deliciously sweet.
Alkohol
In general, Khmers are not what could be described as casual drinkers: their main objective is to get hammered as quickly as possible. Know your limits if invited to join in!
The two most popular domestic Cambodian beers are Anchor — pronounced "an-CHOR" with a hfst sound! — and Angkor, both of which can be found in bottles, cans, and on draft, and generally for no more than US$1 each. New beers include the cheap Klang en Cambodia, while Beerlao en Tiger are popular beers with foreigners. A plethora of other beers include ABC Stout, which is dark and not so bad, in addition to the standard Heineken en Carlsberg. Cheaper beers include Crown en Leo, whilst Kingdom Beer aims for the premium market with a pilsener and a dark lager.
Palm wine en rice wine are available in villages and can be OK at 500-1,000 riel for a 1 L bottle. However, some safety concerns have been raised with regard to sanitation, so the local wines may be best avoided.
For a truly Khmer experience, hunt down a bottle of Golden Muscle Wine. Advertised on tuk-tuks everywhere, this pitch-black concoction made from deer antlers and assorted herbs packs a 35% punch and tastes vile when drunk straight, but can be made reasonably palatable, if not exactly tasty, by the addition of tonic water or cola. At US$2 for a 350 ml flask of the original and US$3 for the "X.O." version, it's the cheapest legitimate tipple around.
Slaap
Western-style accommodation is available in most major towns the country over; even less-visited places such as Kampong Chhnang have a number of affordable guesthouses or hotels. Basic guesthouses can go as low as US$5 a night in the countryside but prices in the cities are usually around the US$5-10. At the budget end, expect to provide your own towels etc. If you want air-con and hot water and cable TV the price creeps up to close to US$10-20, you can have a dorm bed in a backpacker's hotel in most places from US$2 up to US$5. Some budget places don't have hot showers, especially outside big cities, so check before booking if you can't stand a cold shower.
Leer
Cambodia has fewer opportunities for language and cultural studies for the short-term traveller, though there are many language schools and private teachers advertising for those who are hanging around a bit longer. There are also meditation groups which meet at some of the Buddhist Pagodas in Phnom Penh. There are Khmer cooking classes available in Battambang, Sihanoukville, Phnom Penh and Siem Reap.
Werk
One of the most interesting ways to get to know a country, and which has become increasingly popular, is to volunteer.
Finding a paid job teaching English in Phnom Penh and Siem Reap is easy for English speakers, even if you have no other qualifications. If you're interested, print out some resumes and start handing them out to various schools.
Many bars and guesthouses in Siem Reap and Sihanoukville advertise the need for Western employees or volunteers and will generally provide free lodging and meals, but low pay, if any.
If considering volunteering at an orphanage, do be aware that many, if not all, are exploitative and poorly run. Very few so called children in orphanages in Cambodia are actually orphans, i.e. have no living parents. Your money is more likely to go the owner rather than the children. There are few legitimate orphanages in Cambodia. Any accepting visits from unscreened foreigners is often a sign of a substandard orphanage, which does not have the children's best interests at heart. There are several good articles [1] on the Internet that further explain the reality of modern day orphanages.
Bly veilig
Cambodia is a reasonably safe country, with the usual exception for large cities late at night, particularly Phnom Penh, and unobserved luggage or wallets. Bag snatching, even from those on bicycles and motorcycles, is a problem in Phnom Penh. Be discreet with your possessions, especially cash and cameras, and take extra care in all poorly lit or more remote areas.
Crime and corruption
The rule of law in Cambodia is inconsistently applied. Crimes usually require bribes to be investigated, and if perpetrators are wealthy or connected to the government they will often be untouchable by police and courts. You should also be aware that the courts are corrupt, so contracts are hard to enforce without some political leverage. All this being said, the violent crime rate is fairly low, the police are generally friendly and non-threatening, and those with common sense have little to fear besides a scam or two and perhaps some petty theft.
Scams
Scams of all sorts are plentiful in Cambodia. Most notorious are the border officials looking for bribes, but in general tourists should expect prices to be marked up and tours to be not quite as advertised. Practice usual precautions for scams: negotiate everything clearly before you get into a taxi, check that the restaurant bill has been added up correctly before paying, etc. Any restaurant, hotel, or activity recommended by a tuk-tuk driver is likely paying him a commission.
Land mines
Cambodia suffers from a legacy of millions of land mines left during the war years. However, to tourists, land mines present a minimal to non-existent threat, as most areas near tourist areas have been thoroughly de-mined. Many tourists mistake electric or sewage warning signs along national highways for land mine signs. HALO Trust, a leading mine removal organization in Cambodia, asserts that you would have to drive through the jungle for at least an hour north of Angkor Wat to come across any mines. The threat is to locals in extremely rural areas who rely on subsistence agriculture for their livelihoods.
In remote areas such as Preah Vihear (near the border) and Pailin, a former Khmer Rouge stronghold, exercise caution: ask for local advice and heed warning signs, red paint and red rope, which may indicate mined areas. Do not venture beyond well established roads and paths. Most landmine signs in the country are red with Khmer text on the top, with English text on the bottom, with a Skull and Crossbones with large eye sockets in the middle. If you see this, do not go past it under any circumstance.
Prostitution
The age of consent in Cambodia is 15. Prostitution is illegal but widespread, although generally not overtly aimed at tourists (there are no go-go bars). Many bars and clubs, however, do have working girls wandering the premises, especially in Phnom Penh. While Asia has seen a 20% drop in new HIV infections since 2001—and Cambodia saw a 50% decline between 2003 and 2011—safe sex remains a must in all cases.
Cambodia has gained some notoriety as a destination for paedophiles, but under Cambodian law the penalty for sex with minors can be up to 30 years in prison, and paedophiles may be prosecuted by their home countries as well.
Drugs
Drugs, including cannabis, are illegal in Cambodia, and penalties can be very severe. Both Phnom Penh and Siem Reap are full of Happy Herb pizzerias; the effects of this illegal snack comes on only slowly and you may end up biting off more than you can chew, so if you choose to indulge, exercise caution. Many such restaurants advertising "happy pizza" do not actually serve drug-laced pizza. Heroin is very high grade in SE Asia and foreigners requesting cocaine are sometimes provided with it instead, regularly leading to deaths. Over-the-counter pharmaceuticals said to be similar to heroin are readily and legally available, and have also led to tourist deaths.
Pornography charges
Some Westerners have been arrested on pornography charges for imitating sexual acts at parties and recording them. If convicted then prison sentences can be up to a year.
Bly gesond
Cambodia lacks reliable medical facilities, doctors, clinics, hospitals and medication, especially in rural areas. Any serious problem should be dealt with in Bangkok of Singapoer, which boast first rate services (at least to those who can afford them). Repatriation is also more easily arranged from either of those cities. Make sure your insurance covers medical evacuation. The private and pricey Royal Rattanak Hospital in Phnom Penh can be trusted for emergency medical care and can treat most diseases and injuries common to the region. Naga Clinic has branches in Siem Reap en Phnom Penh. It is also clean, safe and useful for minor conditions.
Local hospitals and clinics vary from mediocre to frightening. Expect dirt, poor equipment, expired medicines and placebos of flour and sugar.
In local clinics don't let them put anything in your blood: treat dehydration orally and not with a drip, as there is a risk of septicaemia (i.e. bacterial blood poisoning). The same goes for blood transfusions.
Hygienic standards of food and drinks leave something to be desired. Avoid untreated water, ice made from untreated water and any raw fruit or vegetables that may have been washed in untreated water. Kraanwater is generally not drinkable, so avoid. The Phnom Penh supply is claimed to be potable but few people trust it. Only the seriously immunocompromised will have problems brushing their teeth with it. Cheap bottled water is available in any town or village. Take water purification tablets or iodine to sterilize water if planning to visit more rural areas. Boiling water will also sterilize it without generating piles of waste plastic bottle waste or tainting the taste. The water in the jugs at cafés or restaurants will have been boiled, as obviously will have been the tea. Expats have no problem drinking from the water supply in Phnom Penh, but not elsewhere.
The most common ailment for travellers is traveller's diarrhoea, resulting in dehydration. Stay hydrated by drinking 2-3 litres of water per day. Consider bringing antidiarrhoeals with you. If you do get severe diarrhoea and become badly dehydrated, take an oral rehydration solution and drink plenty of treated water. However, a lot of blood or mucus in the stool can indicate dysentery, which requires a trip to a doctor for antibiotics.
No health certificates or vaccinations are officially required for entry to Cambodia, unless arriving directly from Africa. However, consult a doctor a few weeks before leaving home for up-to-date advice on inoculations. Generally advised are shots against tetanus, diphtheria, hepatitis B and meningitis, a polio booster and especially gamma globulin shots (against hepatitis A). Consider malaria tablets for trips to Cambodia of less than 30 days, though the most commonly visited places have minimal risk (see below). Fake antimalarials are a problem in Cambodia, so it's best to stock up before you come. A mosquito net may also help. Mosquitoes swarm Siem Reap at dusk, imported (i.e., trusted) DEET based insect repellent is available in Cambodia.
The contents of a basic medical kit-such as panadol, antihistamines, antibiotics, kaolin, oral rehydration solution, calamine lotion, bandages and band-aids, scissors and DEET insect repellent-can be acquired in Siem Reap en Phnom Penh. The particularly fastidious should put their kits together in Bangkok of Saigon before coming to Cambodia. There's no need to bother doing this before coming to Asië.
Phnom Penh is malaria-free, and Siem Reap en Angkor Wat is feitlik malariavry. Malaria-profilakse word aanbeveel vir die meeste ander plekke in die land. Die grootste bekommernis oor siektes is muskiete knokkelkoors wat, al is dit baie onaangenaam, om die minste te sê (dit word 'breekbeenkoors' genoem vanweë hoe dit voel) oor die algemeen nie lewensgevaarlik is vir die eerste slagoffers nie. Gebruik muskietafweermiddel om u risiko van dengue te verminder.
Raaiselsiekte. Alhoewel daar in die internasionale pers algemeen berig is dat hierdie siekte, meestal kinders van onder die ouderdom van drie, wat in Julie 2012 geïdentifiseer is as enterovirus 71, is daar steeds gerugte oor sterftes (Nov 2013). Dit blyk 'n taboe-onderwerp in die plaaslike pers te wees, maar mense in die buiteland en plaaslike inwoners praat oor hoe kinders steeds sterf weens hierdie geheimsinnige asemhalingsiekte, blykbaar verskeie per week. Uitgewekenes weier gereeld om hoender te eet, selfs nie van bekende voedselkettings nie, met verwysing na die voorwaardes vir die vervoer en kooi van hoenders, en gee die skuld op hoender vir die verspreiding van die siekte.
April is die wreedste maand: die weer is die warmste (> 35 ° C) in Maart en April; gebruik sonskerm en dra 'n hoed om sonsteek te voorkom.
MIV
Prostitute van beide geslagte kan baie dra STDs. Die amptelike MIV-persentasie onder prostitute is 34%, vergeleke met 'n 0,6% -koers vir die hele bevolking.
Respek
Kambodja is 'n land by 'n kruispad. Terwyl die swaar toeriste plekke soos Phnom Penh en Siem Reap goed aangepas is vir toeristegedrag, mense in plekke soos Stung Treng of Banlung is minder so. Vra altyd toestemming voordat u iemand se foto neem, want baie in die meer afgeleë gebiede hou nie daarvan om gefotografeer te word nie, en sommige in die stedelike gebiede vra om betaling.
Aantrek vir vroue is meer konserwatief in Kambodja. Alhoewel kortbroeke nou aanvaarbaar is in Phnom Penh en Siem Reap, is dit meer respekvol om 'n kniebroek of -broek te dra as u buite hierdie gebiede is. Hoewel Kambodjaanse vroue verkies om bedags konserwatief aan te trek en baie vel te bedek om looiery te voorkom, is dit aantrekliker om nag te aantrek. Moenie sulke plaaslike vroue in nagklubs vir prostitute misgis nie; hulle is 'n nag op die dorp, soos enigiemand anders. Strandklere is behoorlik konserwatief: speedo's en bikini's kom nie algemeen voor nie, behalwe onder buitelanders.
Groepe jong kinders is oral in Kambodja te vinde en baie reisigers voel dat hulle 'gepla' word om hul vriendskapsarmbande en ander ware aan te skaf. Dit is egter dikwels so dat kinders die kans geniet om hul Engels op u te oefen - en deur hulle na hul name en ouderdomme te vra, sal 'n gesprek waarskynlik ontwikkel waar die 'harde verkoop' vergeet word. Kinders en volwassenes kyk graag na foto's van u gesin en u vaderland.
Die Roue Khmer kwessie is 'n baie delikate een en een waaroor Kambodjane gewoonlik nie praat nie. As u dit egter beleefd benader, sal hulle graag reageer. Mense het oor die algemeen geen twyfel as hulle oor die Viëtnamese praat nie; hulle is trouens wyd beskou as bevryders toe hulle in 1979 in Kambodja ingegryp het om die voormelde wrede regime omver te werp. Die pro-Viëtnamese regime het geleidelik al die infrastruktuur herbou wat erg beskadig is deur die Khmer Rouge se beleid om die land te verstedelik, wat in die 1980's tot ekonomiese welvaart gelei het, met sporadiese opstande.
Boeddhistiese monnike
Soos in die naburige Thailand en Laos, is Kambodja hoofsaaklik Theravada Boeddhist. Dit beteken dat monnike eerbiedig word en daar word van hulle verwag om hul pligte ernstig op te neem. Soos in Thailand, gaan monnike soggens rond en versamel aalmoese van mense. Monnike moet fisiese kontak met wyfies vermy, dus moet vroue wat voedsel aan 'n monnik wil aanbied dit op 'n lap voor hom neersit sodat hy dit kan optel. Monnike mag nie geld aanvaar of aanraak nie, en om geld aan 'n monnik te bied, word in die plaaslike kultuur as oneerbiedig beskou. Skenk kos as u wil skenk. Aangesien monnike nie ná die middaguur vaste kos mag eet nie, sal hulle voor dan ophou om aalmoese te versamel. 'Monnike' wat op toeristeplekke kuier en donasies van toeriste vra, is bedrieërs.
Verbind
Telefoon
Kambodja gebruik die GSM-mobiele stelsel en selkaart is dan die grootste operateur Slim dan Mobitel. Voorafbetaalde SIM-kaarte is algemeen beskikbaar (vanaf US $ 1). Vanaf April 2013 sal die meeste telefoonverkopers in die straat of klein privaatwinkels voorafbetaalde sims verkoop sonder dat hulle 'n paspoort hoef te toon. Groot telefoonwinkels benodig egter 'n paspoort.
Die manier waarop betaal word vir mobiele oproepe het 'n ongewone newe-effek veroorsaak. Vul u voorafbetaalde rekening by bogenoemde 3 netwerkoperateurs aan met bv. US $ 1, voer 'n paar magiese runes op u telefoon in en u voorafbetaalde US $ 1 word US $ 100 (of meer), maar die magiese ekstra kan slegs gebruik word vir oproepe in die netwerk of tekste in die netwerk. Soveel maatskappye, koshuise, ens. Publiseer twee of drie selfoonnommers vir verskillende netwerke en het 2 of 3 selfone met verskillende SIM-bedieners van die netwerkoperateur. Tuk-tuk-bestuurders in Phnom Penh het ongeveer 3 selfone wat as 'n stapel gehou word. Plaaslike inwoners weet watter voorvoegsels vir watter netwerk is, dus as u 'n hotel wil skakel, kies u hul gepubliseerde nommer met die voorvoegsel wat dieselfde netwerk as u eie aandui. SIM.
Landlynnommers in Kambodja word gelys as 855 nk 123-4567 waar "855" die landkode vir Kambodja is, sal die eerste syfer van die areakode, "n", 'n 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of 7 wees; die tweede syfer van die area kode, "k" is 'n syfer in die reeks 2-6. (Die voorste nul wat plaaslik gesien word, word in die internasionale formaat gestroop.) Die oorblywende 6 of 7 syfers (saam met 'n koppelteken) is die 'plaaslike' deel van die nommer van die intekenaar.
Mobiele telefoonnommers begin met 'n 1, 8 of 9, wat dan gevolg word deur sewe of agt syfers. Die volledige nommer van 'n selfoon moet byvoorbeeld altyd geskakel word 855 1 1234 5678.
Internet
Internet kafees goedkoop is (US $ 0,50-1 / uur) en algemeen, selfs klein dorpies sal minstens een breëbandaanbod hê. In Kampot, Kratie en Sihanoukville tariewe is ongeveer US $ 1 per uur. Wi-Fi word al hoe gewilder, met seine wat op sommige onwaarskynlike plekke beskikbaar is, nie net in koffiewinkels nie, maar ook kitskosrestaurante, kroeë en selfs vulstasies. Binnelandse breëbandpryse wissel van US $ 29,95-89,00.
Vinnige draadlose 3G / 4G-internet (3,5G of 7,2 MBpS 3G / 4G-modem-USB-stick, ontsluit 3G / 4G-modem kos US $ 30) is nou beskikbaar in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap en Sihanoukville / Kampot / Kep met stadiger Edge-dekking in amper alle ander gebiede. Toeriste kan 3G / 4G mobiele internet by hul SIM voeg vir slegs US $ 3 per maand (maksimum 0,8 GB, LT3-pakket) (Metfone) of 1c / MB met Qbmore of 'n onbeperkte datapakket vir US $ 25 / maand (Metfone). 'n ander 3G-router kan 'n Wi-Fi-hotspot vorm om internet in u huis / omgewing te deel.
Geskrewe Khmer het nog nie 'n groot teenwoordigheid in die elektroniese wêreld nie, net soos Thai of Viëtnamese. Telefone en rekenaars (en dus Kambodjaanse teksboodskappe, e-posse, sosiale netwerke en webblaaie) is gewoonlik in Engels.
Post
Een keer 'n ramp beteken 'n reis na die poskantoor in Kambodja nie meer 'n laaste vaarwel vir u besending nie. Interkontinentale poskaarte moet binne twee weke arriveer; binne Asië, 1 week. Tariewe is goedkoop.