Filippyne - Philippines

Die Filippyne (Filippynse: Pilipinas), amptelik die Republiek van die Filippyne (Republika ng Pilipinas), is 'n argipel van meer as 7 100 eilande in Suidoos-Asië tussen die Filippynse See en die Suid-Chinese See.

Die land het een van die wêreld se langste kuslyne met baie uitstekende strande en uitstekende duik. Daar is 'n groot kulturele diversiteit as gevolg van die vele eilande, baie immigrasiegolwe en 'n mengsel van vreemde invloede - die land was 'n Spaanse kolonie vanaf die laat 1500 tot 1898, daarna Amerikaans tot 1946 - en baie vermenging van kulturele invloede. Dit sou dekades neem om alles te besoek en te ervaar.

Baie inwoners praat Engels goed en die meeste ander het ten minste 'n bietjie Engels. Kos en verblyf is goedkoop, baie bestemmings het uitstekende infrastruktuur, en die mense is vrolik en vriendelik; miskien is die maklikste manier om 'n Filippyn in die buiteland te herken, om te sien wie die breedste glimlag het.

Die Filippyne het 'n stadig groeiende aantal besoekers, maar hy bly steeds agter sy bure, nadat hulle in 2018 slegs 8 miljoen besoekers ontvang het, net 'n vyfde van die loting van Thailand, ondanks 'n bevolking van 40% groter. Westerlinge vorm 'n minderheid besoekers; die meeste toeriste kom van China, Korea en Japan. Die nood van toerisme spruit meestal uit opstandighede en misdaad, maar die meeste dele van die land bly veilig met gesonde verstand.

Streke

Wikivoyage verdeel die land in vier groepe op die eiland:

Die administratiewe stelsel van die Filippynse regering gebruik drie streke op die hoogste vlak: Luzon, Visayas en Mindanao. Hulle behandel Palawan as deel van die Mimaropa streek, onder Luzon toegedien. Hieronder is 18 streke op laer vlak, 80 provinsies, 120 stede en baie landelike munisipaliteite. Die laagste administratiewe vlak is die barangay - 'n landelike distrik of 'n stedelike omgewing - en adresse of aanwysings in die Filippyne bevat dikwels die naam Barangay.

Stede

Met 'n bevolking van ongeveer 100 miljoen het die Filippyne baie stede. Hieronder word enkele van die belangrikste stede vir besoekers gelys.

• 14.5833333333331211 Metro Manila - die Nasionale Hoofstadstreek is een van die grootste stede ter wêreld en 'n plek van groot kontraste, van ultramoderne geboue en welvarende distrikte tot krotbuurte wat deur vullis en misdaad geteister word; besoedeling, verkeersopeenhopings en die skaarste aan historiese besienswaardighede kan besoekers, die glimlaggende, stoïsyne en vindingryke mense en die verbysterende verskeidenheid kultuur en vermaak ontmoedig.
• 10.676458333333122.950916666672 Bacolod - bekend as die "City of Smiles" vanweë die MassKara-fees (Máscara in Spaans) wat jaarliks ​​op 19 Oktober gehou word, is dit een van die poort na Negros-eiland en die tuiste van die beroemde Bacolod Chicken Inasal.
• 16.415166666667120.595594444443 Baguio - LuzonDie somerhoofstad is vanweë die koel weer en het parke en natuurskoon gebiede wat goed onderhou word. Dit is die tuiste van die "Igorot", die inheemse volke van die Cordilleras.
• 8.4833333333333124.654 Cagayan de Oro - bekend as die "City of Golden Friendship", dit is gewild vir rafting op witwater en is die poort na Noord-Mindanao.
• 10.3123.95 Cebu - die "Queen City of the South" was die eerste Spaanse basis in die Filippyne en is 'n belangrike sentrum vir handel, nywerheid, kultuur en toerisme; Metro Cebu is die land se tweede grootste stedelike gebied, ná Metro Manila.
• 7.0666666666667125.66 Davao - die grootste stad ter wêreld wat landoppervlakte betref, is bekend vir sy Durian-vrugte en as die tuiste van Berg Apo, die Filippyne se hoogste berg.
• 9.65123.857 Tagbilaran - bekend as die terrein van die Sandugo (bloedkompakte) tussen die Spaanse veroweraar Miguel López de Legazpi en Rajah Sikatuna wat die mense van Bohol.
• 17.57472120.386948 Vigan - die hoofstad van Ilocos Sur en a UNESCO Wêrelderfenisgebied; sy middestad is die beste voorbeeld van Spaanse koloniale argitektuur in die Filippyne met goed bewaarde, geplaveide strate.
• 6.9166666666667122.083333333339 Zamboanga - bekend as "La Ciudad Latina de Asia" (die Latynse stad van Asië), is die smeltkroes tussen die Christelike en Moslem-kulture van die Filippyne, met ou moskees, groot kerke en historiese koloniale strukture.

Met die moontlike uitsondering van Manila, is dit redelik algemeen dat Filippyne die agtervoegsel "City" by die stadsnaam voeg, maar Wikivoyage vermy eerder die praktyk as onnodig oorbodig, behalwe as dit ondubbelsinnig is. Stede wat 'n naam met 'n provinsie deel (insluitend voormalige provinsies) word gewoonlik in Wikivoyage benoem as [stad naam] (stad) (byvoorbeeld Cebu City is Cebu (stad)), veral as die oorheersende plaaslike gebruik gewoonlik die eenvoudige maar dubbelsinnige naam is.

Ander bestemmings

• 16.918611121.0591671 Banaue het 2 000 jaar oue rijstterrasse en word deur Filippyne genoem agtste wonder van die wêreld, dit is 'n UNESCO-wêrelderfenisgebied. Mense is gefassineer oor die geweldige werk van die Igorotte in die maak van hierdie.
• 13.8333333333331212 Batangas is die geboorteplek van duik in die Filippyne met duikplekke en strande van wêreldgehalte. Die toeganklikheid per pad ongeveer 2 uur vanaf die Manila-lughawe maak dit 'n gewilde bestemming. Dit is die tuiste van Taalvulkaan en die Taal erfenisdorp.
• 11.975121.92253 Boracay is 'n 10 km lange eiland met wit sand, een van die land se bekendste oordgebiede.
• 11.195556119.40754 El Nido het tientalle kalksteen-eilande wat 'n pragtige karst-topografie vorm, deurspek deur kristalhelder baaie en strandmere, nog relatief onbedorwe deur massatoerisme
• 13.666666666667123.333333333335 Camarines Sur het pragtige koraalriwwe en kuslyne van swart en wit sand. Besoek die Camarines Sur Watersport-kompleks en gaan waterski.
• 12.916666666667123.66 Donsol is die Whale Shark Capital van die wêreld, duik en sien walvishaaie.
• 11.333333333333124.116666666677 Malapascua Die eiland het 'n pragtige wit sandkus en koraaltuine.
• 13.5120.9541678 Puerto Galera aan Mindoro, 'n duikbestemming, en ook 'n gunsteling wegbreekplek vir Filippyne gedurende die Heilige Week vanweë sy wit sandkuslyne en sy wonderlike flora.
• 14.1120.933333333339 Tagaytay, moeg vir die ou toneel van die lawaaierige metropool Manila? Of mis die koel weer? Tagaytay bied 'n blik op Taalvulkaan.
• 9.6123.8166666666710 Panglao-eiland in Bohol Provinsie, as oord-eiland met fyn strande. Die res van die provinsie het ander besienswaardighede, insluitend die Chocolate Hills en wild tarsiers (klein primate).

Sien ook UNESCO_World_Heritage_List # Filippyne.

Verstaan

Met meer as 7 100 eilande en 300 000 km² (120.000 vierkante myl) grondgebied is die Filippyne die tweede grootste eilandgroep, na die nabygeleë Indonesië. Die eilande is meestal vulkanies van oorsprong, bedek met tropiese reënwoud en vrugbare grond, maar baie van die reënwoud is afgekap. Die terrein wissel aansienlik, maar baie van die kuste het baie baaie en koppe, en baie van die groter eilande het bergagtige binneland. Die kus het ook baie koraalriwwe.

Die klimaat is tropies, met 'n konstante hoë humiditeit en hoë, stabiele temperature, dus berei u voor om gereeld klere aan te trek onder die snikhete hitte. Bergagtige gebiede is 'n uitsondering op die norm, eerder gematig met ligte koel temperature gedurende die koel droë seisoen van November tot Maart. Ryp vorm in bergagtige gebiede gedurende die koel maande, maar daar val geen sneeu nie, aangesien die temperatuur nooit onder vriespunt daal nie en die pieke nie bo 4.000 m (13.000 voet) styg nie.

Die land het probleme soos misdaad, korrupsie, armoede en interne konflik. Daar is voortdurende konflik tussen die Filippynse regering en Islamitiese separatiste in Mindanao, en met kommunistiese rebelle (New People's Army) elders. Vernietigings van vyandelikhede in groot stede het voorgekom. Die rompslomp, omkopery en buitensporige beskerming wat verband hou met die burokrasie in Filippyne is verminder, maar sommige inwoners vertrou die regering steeds. Misdade en onwettige dwelms is alledaags, maar dit is meer waarskynlik dat u dit teëkom as u in rowwe gebiede waag. Westerse lande het die reis na die land ontmoedig weens kommer en veiligheid.

Ondanks die eerste indrukke van die Filippyne as relatief ekonomies ontwikkel, bly dit 'n ontwikkelende land wat sukkel met inkomstegelykheid en armoede. Die meeste Filippyne sukkel om met so min as moontlik saam te leef ₱400–600 (ongeveer US $ 8-12 vanaf 2019) per dag, of dit nou 'n boer of 'n verkoopsman of kitskospersoneel is. Die sosyal (ryk mense) en nouveaux rykdomdaarenteen, sal gesien word hoe hulle in hul luukse motors vaar, beskermde herehuise besit en hul kinders na privaatskole stuur. Sommige mense sonder werk wend hulle tot rampokkery of misdaad om geld te verdien. Die hoofstad, Metro Manila, ly aan sy berugte verkeersopeenhopings, en krotte is op baie plekke te vinde, soms in skrille kontras met wolkekrabbers in sy sakegebiede soos Makati. Ekonomiese en politieke sentralisering, wat deur kritici dikwels 'Imperial Manila' genoem word, bly die oorsaak van die ekonomiese benarde situasie in baie provinsies en verhoogde oproepe tot streeks selfbeskikking. Soos met die res van Suidoos-Asië, word die Filippyne ook deur onbeheerste ontwikkeling veroorsaak deur stedelike uitbreiding, gebrek aan voetgangers- en rolstoelvriendelike fasiliteite op baie plekke, en vullis wat nie ingesamel word nie.

Geskiedenis

Die eerste groot golf setlaars in die Stille Oseaan het vlak seë en bruggies vanaf die vasteland van Asië begin, ongeveer 70 000 v.G.J., en die oudste plek wat tot dusver in die Filippyne gevind is, is Tabon Man op Palawan, ongeveer 45 000 v.C. Dit was Melanesies, voorouers van sommige Filippyne, die meeste Papoea's en alle inheemse Australiërs. Direkte afstammelinge van hierdie mense, die Negritos of Aetas, kan steeds gevind word in Negros Oosters, noordelike Luzon, en ander gebiede. Vandag woon hulle meestal in die berge, omdat hulle deur latere immigrante uit die vernaamste kusgebiede verdryf is.

'N Paar duisend jaar v.C. is hulle gevolg Austronesies setlaars wat dieselfde roete reis, maar hierdie keer oor see in hul indrukwekkende balangay bote. Hierdie woord is die naam van die Filippynse politieke instelling barangay vandaan gekom het. Die Austronesiese etnolinguïstiese groep sluit Maleiers, Indonesiërs en Polinesiërs in, en is versprei tot by Hawaii, Paaseiland, Nieu-Seeland en Madagaskar. Die oorsprong daarvan is 'n kwessie van wetenskaplike kontroversie. Een algemene teorie het hulle vandaan kom Taiwan, en suid reis na die Filippyne. Ander teorieë het hul oorsprong in die suide van China, op die vasteland Suidoos-Asië of in die vasteland van China Liangzhu-kultuur.

'N Groot meerderheid van die Filippyne van vandag is van Austronesiese afkoms en taalkundiges klassifiseer al die Filippynse tale as lede van die Austronesiese familie. Aangesien dit egter duisende jare 'n handelsnasie was, 'n kolonie vir 'n paar honderd, en 'n bestemming vir toeriste en afgetredenes dekades lank, sluit die land afstammelinge van baie ander etniese groepe in. Die grootste minderheidsgroep is hoofsaaklik die Chinese Hokkien sprekers waarvan die familie se oorsprong is Fujian provinsie. Die Filippyne het baie godsdienste, mees bekendgestel deur verskillende handelaars of indringers; die belangrikste is Katolieke Christenskap en Sunni Islam.

Onder Spaanse bewind

Sien ook: Magellan-Elcano-omseiling

Wanneer die ontdekkingsreisiger Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 voet op die eiland Homonhon gesit het, was hy die eerste Europeër wat die eilandgroep bereik het. Sy bemanning is getrakteer op 'n fees deur die verwelkomende eilandbewoners wat uitgebreide tatoeëermerke gedra het. Magellaan was Portugees, maar dit was 'n Spaanse ekspedisie wat hy na die eilande gelei het. Lapu-Lapu, 'n inheemse hoof van Mactan Island, het 'n geveg met Magellan gevoer; die inboorlinge het gewen en Magellan is vermoor.

In 1565 het 'n ekspedisie onder Miguel López de Legazpi aangekom om die land as 'n Spaanse kolonie op te eis. Die kolonie is vernoem na kroonprins Philip II van Spanje en die meeste inboorlinge het hulle tot die Katolisisme bekeer. Sommige Moslems in die suide en verskillende animistiese bergstamme weerstaan ​​egter die Spaanse verowering en die Katolieke bekering.

In die tydperk van die Spaanse regering het galjoene groot hoeveelhede silwer gebring Acapulco na Manila, en dit het 'n groot uitwerking op die handel in 'n groot deel van Asië gehad. Die handel in Manila Galleon het kontak gemaak met Mexiko en die res van die Amerikas. Maya's en Asteke het hulle in die Filippyne gevestig en hul kulture bekendgestel wat deur die Filippyne omhels is. Die Filippyne is sterk beïnvloed deur Mexiko en Spanje en die eilandgroep het 'spaans' geword. Filippyne en ander Asiërs het die Manila Galleon-handel gebruik om na die Weste te migreer.

Die langste opstand teen die Spaanse kolonisasie is gelei deur Francisco Dagohoy in Bohol en dit het 85 jaar geduur gedurende die tydperk 1744-1829. Daar was verskeie ander opstande; sien Filippynse rewolusie vir een en Mindanao # Verstaan vir verset deur Moslems in die suide. Gedurende die Spaanse bewind het Europese moondhede soos die Nederlanders, Portugese en Britte ook probeer om die land te koloniseer; niemand het daarin geslaag nie.

Die Filippyne het vir meer as 300 jaar 'n Spaanse kolonie gebly tot 1899 toe dit na die Spaans-Amerikaanse oorlog deur Spanje aan die Verenigde State afgestaan ​​is.

Amerikaanse en Japannese besetting

Die Filippyne het in 1898 onafhanklikheid verklaar en die Amerikaanse besetting vir sewe lang, wrede jare weerstaan ​​totdat oorgawe die besetting van die Filippyne voltooi het.

Die oorlog was taamlik omstrede in die VSA, en bekende skrywers het aan beide kante geweeg. Rudyard Kipling, 'n Engelsman gebore in Indië en baie ten gunste van Empire, het Amerika aangemoedig om "Neem die las van die witman op" terwyl Mark Twain geskryf het "die Verenigde State het die arme ou Spanje $ 20,000,000 vir die Filippyne betaal. Dit was net 'n geval van hierdie land wat sy weg na 'n goeie samelewing gekoop het ... soos 'n Amerikaanse erfgenaam wat 'n hertog of graaf koop. Klink goed, maar dit is alles."

Die Amerikaanse teenwoordigheid het tot Tweede Wereldoorlog toe Japan die Filippyne binneval. Die terugtrekkende Amerikaanse generaal Douglas McArthur het 'Ek sal terugkeer' belowe en het dit later in die oorlog gedoen. Daar is 'n monument aan Leyte-eiland waar hy land en verskeie ander oorlogstydruïnes of monumente regoor die land; Coron is bekend vir wrakduik omdat die Amerikaanse vloot in 1944 'n aantal Japannese skepe daar gesink het.

Op 4 Julie 1946 het die VSA die onafhanklikheid van die Filippyne verleen, wat die eerste land in Asië geword het wat onafhanklikheid van 'n koloniale moondheid verkry het. Die VSA het tot die vroeë negentigerjare steeds 'n beduidende militêre teenwoordigheid gehandhaaf, veral in die Subic Naval Base in Zambales en Clark-lugbasis in Angeles City. Albei was baie belangrik tydens die Viëtnam-oorlog.

Na-onafhanklikheidsera

Tot die 1960's is die Filippyne algemeen beskou as die tweede mees ontwikkelde land in Asië na Japan. Verskeie dekades van wanbestuur deur die korrupte diktator Ferdinand Marcos het die land toe in diepe skuld gedompel. Armoede het wydverspreid geword en infrastruktuur vir ontwikkeling ontbreek erg. In 1986 het die People Power-opstand die Marcos-regering omvergewerp tydens die sogenaamde EDSA-rewolusie. Hy is vervang deur Corazon Aquino, weduwee van die vermoorde opposisieleier, Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr.

Aan die einde van die 20ste eeu was korrupsie een van die grootste probleme in die land. Die land het effens gely in die Asiatiese finansiële krisis in 1997; dit het gelei tot 'n tweede EDSA-opstand wat president Joseph Estrada omvergewerp het; die vise-president, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (dogter van een van die voormalige presidente), het sy plek ingeneem. Nadat haar termyn in 2010 geëindig het, is Benigno Aquino III (met die bynaam "Noynoy" en "Pnoy"), die seun van Corazon en Benigno Aquino, Jr., verkies tot president.

In die middel van 2016 is 'n nuwe president verkies, Rodrigo Duterte. Hy was burgemeester van Davao, en die bynaam "die strafer" verwerf deur die bende-oorlogvoering wat daardie stad in die negentigerjare geteister het, op te ruim. Kritici beweer dat hy dit grotendeels gedoen het deur die polisie en waaksaames aan te moedig om bendelede sonder teregstelling tereg te stel. In die presidensiële veldtog het hy beloof om korrupsie en die dwelmhandel op te ruim (veral sjaboe, die plaaslike term vir kristalmetamfetamien, wat 'n ernstige probleem in die land is) en kritici beskuldig hom nou daarvan dat hy landwyd soortgelyke taktieke gebruik het. Westerse mediabronne het die dodetal ongeveer 1000 per maand sedert hy president geword het, hoewel die getalle nie presies of onbetwis is nie. Op 30 September 2016 het Duterte verklaar dat hy die Holocaust van Hitler wil navolg deur 3 miljoen dwelmgebruikers en handelaars in die land uit te roei, dus dit is veilig om aan te neem dat die moorde sal voortduur solank hy in die amp is. Ondanks baie veroordeling uit die Weste, bly Duterte steeds gewild onder Filippyne, van wie baie moeg is om daagliks dwelmmiddels en hoë geweldsmisdaad te hanteer, en waardeer Duterte se pogings om die probleme die hoof te bied.

Dinge het aan die ekonomiese front stadig verbeter, maar die Filippyne is nog steeds grotendeels 'n arm land. Volgens die Filippynse statistiese owerheid het 16,6% van die Filippyne in 2018 nie genoeg inkomste gehad om aan hul basiese standaarde te voldoen nie kos en nie-voedsel behoeftes. Dit sou 'n maandelikse inkomste van minder as beteken ₱10,727 vir 'n gesin van vyf. 5,2% van die Filippyne het 'n inkomste gehad wat nie genoeg was om aan die basiese standaarde te voldoen nie kos behoeftes, bv. maandelikse inkomste vir 'n gesin van vyf minder as ₱7,528. Hierdie koerse het sedert 2015 onderskeidelik van 23,3% en 9,1% verbeter.

Die groei in die Filippyne is stadig. Een van die grootste uitvoere is arbeid: ongeveer 10% van die Filippyne woon in die buiteland, hetsy as immigrante of as kontrakwerkers, en oorbetalings van die mense is verantwoordelik vir meer as 10% van die BBP van die land.

Mense

Die bevolking van die Filippyne het in 2015 100 miljoen mense oortref, wat die land die tweede grootste in Suidoos-Asië maak, agter Indonesië, en die agtste in Asië, voor Japan. Die bevolking is gekonsentreer in streke soos Metro Manila, Sentraal Luzon, Calabarzon, en Cebu. Die grootste deel van die bevolking is langs die kus, en die berggebiede is dun gesetel.

Filippyne is 'n multikulturele volk wat afkomstig is uit meer as 175 etniese groepe en stamme, meestal gedefinieer deur taal, en meestal van Austronesies oorsprong. Wat godsdiens betref, is Filippyne meerderheid Christene, met belangrike Moslem- en animistiese minderhede. Handel, kolonisering en globalisering het ook immigrantebevolkings gebring wat die Filippynse kulturele en etniese mosaïek verryk; daar is 'n aansienlike aantal Filippyne met Chinese, Arabiese, Spaanse, Europese en Amerikaanse mengsels,

Die grootste etniese groepe van die Filippyne is die Tagalogs (24,4%), die Visiere (11,4%), die Cebuanos (9,9%), die Ilocanos (8,8%), die Higgaynon of Ilonggos (8,4%), die Bicolanos (6,8%) en die Waray (4%). Die oorblywende 26,3% van die bevolking gaan na die Moslem-Filipynse (Moro) etniese groepe, die Kapampangan, die Pangasinenses, die Ibanag, die Ivatan en nog honderd etniese groepe, plus inheemse volke en immigrante. Inheemse volke soos die Igorot van die Luzon Cordilleras, die Mangyan van Mindoro, die Lumad van Mindanao, en die verskillende Negrito (Aeta/Ati/Ita) stamme verspreid oor die eilandgroep ongeveer 3% van die bevolking uitmaak.

Immigrante vorm ongeveer 1-2% van die Filippynse bevolking, waarvan die grootste die Filippynse Chinees (~ 2 miljoen). Die meeste Chinese immigrante na die Filippyne kom van Fujian, alhoewel daar Chinese migrante in die prekoloniale en koloniale tydperke was. Alhoewel 'n duidelike etnisiteit gebly het, het die meeste Filippyne Chinees opgeneem in die hoofstroom van die Filippynse kultuur, ondertrou met Filippyne en suksesvolle sakebedrywe gelei. Ander belangrike immigrantepopulasies is Amerikaners, Indiërs, Arabiere, Japannese, Britte, Koreane, Indonesiërs en Spanjaarde.

Kultuur

Die Filippyne het 'n uiteenlopende kultuur wat Ooste en Weste vermeng; vind u 'n unieke mengsel van plaaslike gebruike, Chinese tradisies, Spaanse godsdienstigheid, machismo en romanse, en Westerse ideale en populêre kultuur. Daar is geen enkele Filippynse kultuur nie op sigself, maar daar is meer as honderd etniese en streekskulture; wees voorbereid op wilde variasies in die plaaslike kultuur as u 'n ander streek, eiland of provinsie binnegaan.

Filippynse eienskappe is 'n samevloeiing van baie kulture. Filippyne is bekend vir die bayanihan of gees van verwantskap en kameraadskap wat van hul Australiese voorvaders geneem is. Hulle hou baie hegte familiebande in ag. Rooms-Katolisisme kom van die Spanjaarde wat verantwoordelik was vir die verspreiding van die Christelike geloof oor die eilandgroep. Die Spanjaarde het die Christendom ingestel en daarin geslaag om die oorweldigende meerderheid Filippyne te bekeer; minstens 80% is vandag Katoliek. Die Filippyne is een van slegs twee lande in Asië met 'n meerderheid Rooms-Katolieke bevolking (die ander is Oos Timor).

Die egte en suiwer uitdrukking van gasvryheid is 'n inherente eienskap in Filippyne, veral diegene wat op die platteland woon, wat aanvanklik baie skaam lyk, maar 'n vrygewige gees het, soos gesien in hul glimlagte. Gasvryheid, 'n eienskap wat elke Filippyn vertoon, maak hierdie mense legendaries in Suidoos-Asië. Gaste sal dikwels in Filippynse huishoudings soos koninklikes behandel word. Dit is die duidelikste tydens feeste wanneer selfs virtuele vreemdelinge verwelkom word en mag deelneem aan die fees wat die meeste, indien nie almal, huishoudings vir die geleentheid het nie. Soms word hierdie gasvryheid fouteer. Sommige huishoudings spandeer hul hele spaargeld op hul fiesta-aanbiedinge en loop soms selfs skuld in om net weelderige kos op hul tafel te hê. Hulle betaal die volgende jaar vir hierdie skuld en berei hulle voor vir die volgende fiesta. Hoe dit ook al sy, selde kan jy sulke gasvrye mense vind wat hulle besoekers geniet. As gevolg van hul lang verbintenis met Spanje, is Filippyne miskien emosioneel en passievol oor die lewe op 'n manier wat meer Latyn as Asiaties lyk.

Dit lyk dalk vir toeriste eienaardig om die Latynse aanvoeling in die Filippynse kultuur raak te sien. Die hoofstroom van die Filippynse kultuur in vergelyking met die res van Asië is op die oppervlak redelik Spaans en verwesterd. Maar tog is Filippyne in wese Australies, en baie inheemse en pre-Spaanse houdings en denkwyses is steeds opvallend onder 'n skynbaar verwesterde fineer.

Filippyne lei vandag die klomp Engelsvaardige Asiërs en Engels word beskou as 'n tweede taal van die meerderheid en die moedertaal van 'n paar. Die Amerikaanse besetting was verantwoordelik om die Filippense die Engelse taal te leer. Ongeveer 3 miljoen praat nog Spaans, insluitend die Spaanse kreool Chavacano. Spaans is by sommige skole weer as keusetaal ingestel.

Politiek

Die regering van die Filippyne is grotendeels gebaseer op die politieke stelsel van die Verenigde State. Die president van die Filippyne word direk deur die volk verkies en dien as staatshoof en regeringshoof. Die president word elke ses jaar verkies en kan slegs een termyn verkies.

Die politieke stelsel volg 'n veelpartystelsel. Die nasionale politieke arena word oorheers deur nege politieke partye, met die sentrum-linkse, federalistiese PDP-Laban (Partido Demokratiko Pilipino - Lakas ng Bayan), die neoliberale Liberale Party, en die sentrum-regse United Nationalist Alliance (UNA) wat die dominante is partye sedert 2016. Daar is ook minderjarige partye in die Kongres en streekspartye van minder belang in die provinsies. Die meeste posisies in die plaaslike regering word ook deur die groot partye oorheers.

Die wetgewer is 'n tweekamerkongres wat bestaan ​​uit 'n laer huis wat bekend staan ​​as die Kapulungan nga Kinatawan (Huis van Verteenwoordigers), en 'n hoërhuis bekend as die Senado (Senaat). Albei huise word direk deur die volk verkies. Die land word verdeel in kiesafdelings vir die verkiesing van die laerhuis, terwyl die hoërhuis deur die land as geheel verkies word op grond van proporsionele verteenwoordiging.

Politiek word oorheers deur groot, magtige gesinne, waar posisies van een familielid na 'n ander oorgedra word, maar dit het sedert die 2019-verkiesing stadig verander. Korrupsie bly hoogty vier, veral deur die padrino stelsel, wat 'n ope geheim in die Filippynse politieke arena is. Padrino word dikwels vertaal as 'Godfather', en die stelsel behels uitgebreide beskerming en nepotisme. Politieke demonstrasies is wydverspreid, soos in die meeste demokrasieë, en politieke geweld is ook kommerwekkend, veral tydens verkiesingsperiodes wanneer mededingende families bots, soms selfs tot die punt dat hulle mekaar doodmaak.

Godsdiens

Die Spaanse het die Katolisisme byna alomteenwoordig gemaak, die Kerk is steeds baie invloedryk en die Filippyne was al eeue die grootste oorwegend Christelike en Katolieke land in Asië. Daar bestaan ​​egter ook al eeue 'n aansienlike Moslem-bevolking, Protestantse sendelinge was aktief en verskeie Protestantse denominasies is nou goed gevestig in die land, en daar is ook enkele aanhangers van ander Asiatiese godsdienste.

Die Filippyne is nie net die grootste Christelike land in Asië nie, maar ook die derde grootste Rooms-Katolieke nasie ter wêreld. Die Rooms-Katolieke geloof bly die grootste enkele erfenis van driehonderd jaar van Spaanse koloniale bewind. Katolisisme word steeds taamlik ernstig opgeneem in die Filippyne. Massas trek skares, van die grootste katedrale in die metropool tot die kleinste parochie-kapelle op die platteland. Gedurende die Heilige Week sluit die meeste uitgesaaide TV-stasies af of werk hulle slegs op beperkte ure, en diegene wat wel radio-uitzendingsprogramme bedryf.

Die Katolieke Kerk oefen ook heelwat invloed uit, selfs op nie-godsdienstige aangeleenthede, soos staatsake. Mores verander egter stadig; Filippyne aanvaar nou stadigaan die voorheen taboe-kwessies wat die Rooms-Katolieke leerstelling betref, soos kunsmatige geboortebeperking, voorhuwelikse seks en die ontbinding van huweliksbeloftes.

Die grootste godsdienstige minderheid is Moslem Filippyne (Moros) wat hoofsaaklik in Mindanao maar ook toenemend in stede soos Manila, Baguio of Cebu in die noorde en sentrale dele van die land. Die Outonome streek in die Moslem Mindanao (ARMM) gee sommige van hulle gedeeltelike selfregering. Hulle beslaan ongeveer 5% van die bevolking. Islam is die oudste georganiseerde godsdiens wat voortdurend in die Filippyne beoefen word, met die eerste bekerings wat in die 12de eeu nC plaasgevind het. Islam het so 'n belangrike mag geword dat Manila ten tyde van die Spaanse aankoms in die 16de eeu 'n Moslemstad was. Baie aspekte van hierdie Islamitiese verlede word gesien in sekere kulturele eienskappe wat baie Christen-Filippyne nog steeds vertoon (soos eet- en higiëne-etiket) en dit het die smeltkroes van die Filippynse kultuur bygedra. Terreuraanvalle en gewelddadige konfrontasies tussen die Filippynse leër en versplinterde militante Islamitiese organisasies soos die Abu Sayyaf en die Moro Islamic Liberation Front het die betrekkinge tussen Moslem en die nie-Moslem Filippyne in die suidelike landelike dele van die land gespanne. Die Moslem-Filippyne is egter baie meer liberaal in hul interpretasies van Islam, en soos die Moslems van Indonesië, is hulle oor die algemeen meer ontspanne rakende kwessies soos geslagtelike segregasie of die hijab (sluier) as Moslems buite Suidoos-Asië.

Indiese Filippyne, Chinese Filippyne en Japannese Filippyne, wat gesamentlik 3% van die bevolking uitmaak, is meestal Hindoe, Sikh, Boeddhist, Sjinto en Taoïst. Hierdie bevolkings is al eeue in die land voor die Spaanse bewind, en baie aspekte van Boeddhistiese en Hindoe-geloof en -kultuur dring ook deur in die hoofstroomkultuur van Christen- of Moslem-Filippyne.

Soos met baie dinge in die Filippyne, is godsdiens nie so duidelik en gedefinieërd as wat amptelike statistieke voorstel nie, en baie Christene en Moslems beoefen en glo ook in inheemse geestelike aspekte (soos die eerbiediging van natuurlike gode en aanbidding van voorvaders, sowel as die bestaan ​​daarvan) magie en genesers) wat in sommige gevalle die ortodokse reëls van hul godsdienste kan weerspreek.

Klimaat

Die klimaat is tropiesen die gemiddelde temperatuur wissel van 25 ° C (77 ° F) tot 32 ° C (90 ° F), en die humiditeit is gemiddeld ongeveer 77 persent. Die Filippyne word dikwels beskryf as net twee seisoene, maar in die noordelike deel van die land is daar eintlik drie:

• Die droë seisoen duur gewoonlik van November tot Mei en kan in dele van die land, veral ongeveer 12 grade noord van die ewenaar, onderverdeel word in 'n koel en warm periode:
  • Die koel droë seisoen duur van November tot Februarie, met middel Januarie tot einde Februarie die koelste tye. Die temperatuur is koeler in die berge, maar selfs laaglandgebiede kan temperature onder 20 ° C (68 ° F) ervaar as die noordoostelike moesson (amihan) uit Siberië is besig om ten volle te ontplof, so bring 'n trui of ligte baadjie op hierdie tye, veral as u snags stap. Hierdie seisoen is die beste tyd om te besoek, met droër weer, maar vlugte, boot- en veerbootritte, busse en akkommodasie is gewoonlik duur en moeilik, veral gedurende die Kers- en Nuwejaarseisoen.
  • Die warm droë seisoen (somer, Maart tot Mei) is die warmste maande. Die land raak bedompig, met temperature wat so hoog as 40 ° C (104 ° F) styg, en hitte-indekse van 50-60 ° C (122-140 ° F) is nie ongewoon nie, veral in binnelandse plekke in Luzon soos Cabanatuan en Tuguegarao. Die temperatuur is baie wenslik om na die strande te gaan, maar is nie goed om te besoek nie. Pryse vir vlugte, veerbote, busse of akkommodasie styg gedurende hierdie seisoen, veral op die Heilige Week, die hoogte in, en die bespreking is moeilik weens die groot aanvraag.
• Die reënseisoen begin in Junie en strek tot Oktober met sterk tifone moontlik. Dit ook wanneer die suidwestelike moeson (habagat) waai, wat reën bring wat hierdie seisoen kenmerk.

Plekke ongeveer 12 grade noord van die ewenaar het gewoonlik 'n meer tropiese klimaat, dit is droog en nat, en geen maand het gemiddeld laer as 20 ° C nie. Droë seisoen duur gewoonlik van November tot Mei; nat seisoen van Junie tot Oktober. There are some possible exceptions, especially in the rainier eastern parts of the country (e.g. Bicol, Samar en Leyte islands), where the seasons are reversed: October to April are the rainiest and coolest, with May to September the driest.

Locations exposed directly to the Pacific Ocean have frequent rainfall all year. This includes the town of Pagsanjan south-east of Manila (though the famous falls around it will get you wet regardless). Baguio, branded as the summer capital of the Philippines, tends to be cooler due to its being located in mountainous regions with temperatures at night going below 20 °C (68 °F). During summer, the country experiences droughts, sometimes with extreme conditions, from about March to May.

Weather in the Philippines is changeable, and as anywhere in the tropics, it can be sunny, rainy, or cool within a few minutes. In the mountains or in Luzon, the mercury can suddenly drop below 20 °C (68 °F) during the cool months, and in the Cordilleras (including Baguio), it can frost (but it doesn't snow). When the rain pours or the cool amihan blows, you're at high risk for the flu. Have a raincoat, umbrella, or light jacket ready depending on the season!

Vakansies

Christmas: The Filipino way A Christmas Parol Most Filipinos are devoutly Catholic; Christmas is celebrated from September till Epiphany. Go and have Nochebuena with a Filipino family; Filipinos don't mind strangers eating with them in their dining table as this is customary during fiestas. Try out hamon (Christmas ham) and queso de bola (Edam cheese). Caroling is widely practiced by the youth around the Philippines; they'll appreciate if you give them at least ₱5-10. Don't miss the Misa de Gallo and the nine-day Simbang Gabi (Night Mass). This tradition was passed down from the Spaniards; the Masses are usually held either at midnight or before dawn. After these Masses, Filipinos eat kakanin (rice cakes) and bibingka (rice pancakes), sold outside churches, and drink tsokolate (hot chocolate), or eat champorado (rice porridge with hot chocolate). Parols (Star of Bethlehem lanterns) are hanged in front of houses, commercial establishments and streets. A Giant Lantern Festival is held in San Fernando, Pampanga. Belens or Nativity scenes are displayed in city halls and/or commercial establishments. This is an experience one shouldn't miss if one is travelling in the Philippines. Sien Christmas and New Year in the Philippines vir besonderhede.

The Philippines is a multicultural country having Christian, Muslim and Buddhist holidays in addition to secular holidays. The year is welcomed by New Year's Day on 1 Jan. Being a predominantly Catholic country means observing the traditional Catholic holidays of Maundy Thursday (Huwebes Santo), Good Friday (Biyernes Santo of Mahal na Araw), en Easter Sunday (Araw ng Pagkabuhay) during Holy Week (Semana Santa). Tydens Araw ng Kagitingan (Day of Valor), Boy Scouts re-enact the Bataan Death March every 2 years in honor of this day that is also known as Bataan Day; they march as long as 102 km (63 mi), and the Bataan Death March was part of the Battle of Bataan which was also part of the Battle of the Philippines. The Bataan Death March was a 102 km (63 mi) march and the people who participated in this march were captured, tortured and murdered. All Saints Day (Undas) is on 1 Nov and All Souls Day on 2 Nov. In recognition of the Muslim Filipino community, the Islamic feast of Eid-Al-Fitr (Hari Raya Puasa) held after the holy fasting month of Ramadan, is also a national holiday. This day changes year by year, as it follows the Islamic lunar calendar. Sjinese Nuwejaar is also celebrated by the Chinese community but dates vary according to the Chinese lunar calendar. Secular holidays include Werkersdag (1 May) and Onafhanklikheidsdag (12 Jun). The last Monday of August is declared National Heroes Day. Some holidays also commemorate national heroes such as Jose Rizal (31 Dec) and Andres Bonifacio (30 Nov) as well as Ninoy Aquino (21 Aug) Christmas is ubiquitously celebrated on 25 Dec.

Major holiday seasons are Holy Week (Semana Santa, or Easter break), the three-day period including All Saints' Day (Undas, also a semestral vacation period for most schools) and Christmas en New Year. During these periods, the country takes a week off for locals to head home for the provinces. They are the times where Metro Manila and other metropolises have no traffic jams, yet the congestion moves to the provinces, with snarls stretching kilometers at expressways being not uncommon, and finding flights, buses or boats being near-to-impossible. Nevertheless, Holy Week and Christmas season are also peak season for beachgoing, and highland cities like Baguio en Tagaytay get the most visitors during those periods.

Dates

• New Year's Day (Bagong Taon): 1 Jan
• Chinese New Year: varies according to Chinese lunar calendar
• Maundy Thursday (Huwebes Santo): varies
• Good Friday (Biyernes Santo, Mahal na Araw): varies
• Easter Sunday (Araw ng Pagkabuhay): varies
• Araw ng Kagitingan (Day of Valor): 9 Apr
• Labor Day (Araw ng mga Manggagawa of Mayo Uno): 1 May
• Independence Day (Araw ng Kalayaan): 12 Jun
• Ninoy Aquino Day: 21 Aug
• National Heroes Day: Last Monday of August
• All Saints Day (Undas, Todos los Santos, Araw ng mga Patay): 1 Nov
• All Souls Day: 2 Nov
• Eid'l Fitr (Hari Raya Puasa): varies according to Islamic lunar calendar
• Eid'l Adha: varies according to Islamic lunar calendar
• Bonifacio Day: 30 Nov
• Feast of the Immaculate Conception: 8 Dec
• Christmas Eve: 24 Dec
• Christmas Day (Pasko): 25 Dec
• Rizal Day: 30 Dec
• New Year's Eve: 31 Dec

Feeste

Maand	Festival	Place
Januarie	Ati-Atihan	Kalibo
	Sinulog	Cebu
	Dinagyang	Iloilo
Februarie	Panagbenga	Baguio
	Kaamulan	Bukidnon
Maart	Paraw Regatta	Iloiloand Guimaras
	Pintados de Passi	Passi, Iloilo
	Araw ng Dabaw	Davao
April	Moriones	Marinduque
Mei	Magayon	Albay
	Pahiyas	Lucban
	Sanduguan	Calapan
Junie	Pintados-Kasadyaan & Sangyaw	Tacloban
Julie	T'nalak	Koronadal
Augustus	Kadayawan	Davao City
September	Peñafrancia	Naga
Oktober	MassKara	Bacolod
November	Zamboanga Hermosa (Feast of Our Lady of the Pilar)	Zamboanga City
Desember	Binirayan	San Jose, Antique

Tyd

The Philippines spans UTC time zone 8 (Philippine Standard Time or PST), which also covers Western Australia, central parts of Indonesia, Taiwan, all of China, Mongolia, and part of Russia (Siberia). As a tropical country, the Philippines does not observe daylight savings time.

The 12-hour clock is commonly used in both written and spoken form, while the 24-hour clock is more commonly used in some modes of transport and other specialist fields, e.g. ferry and flight schedules use the 24-hour clock.

Kultuur

The culture of the Philippines is very diverse. There is the native Melanesian and Austronesian culture, which is most evident in language, ethnicity, native architecture, food and dances. There is also some influence from Arabia, China, India and Borneo. On top of that there is heavy colonial Hispanic influence from Mexico and Spain, such as in Religion, food, dance, language, festivals, architecture and ethnicity. Later influence from the U.S. can also be seen in the culture.

Lees

Filipino literature is a mix of Indian sagas, folk tales, and traces of Western influence. Classical books are written in Spanish as well as in Tagalog, but to this day most of Filipino literature is written in English. The Philippines, thus, is a multi-cultural country with its roots stretching from Asia to Europe and to the Americas.

History, documentary

• Red Revolution by Gregg R. Jones (ISBN 0813306442 ) - Documentary about the guerrilla movement; New People's Army (NPA), in the Philippines.
• In Our Image: America's Empire in the Philippines by Stanley Karnow (ISBN 0345328167 ) - Shares the story of European and American colonization in the archipelago as well as the restoration of democracy after the overthrew of Marcos.

Literature

• Noli Me Tangere by José Rizal
• El Filibusterismo by José Rizal
• Dekada '70 by Lualhati Bautista (ISBN 9711790238 ) - A story about a middle class Filipino family that struggled to fight with other Filipinos during the martial law during the time of Marcos.
• The Day the Dancers Came by Bienvenido Santos
• Amazing Archipelago by John-Eric Taburada

Kyk

The Filipino film industry is suffering because of its main rival, the Western film industry. In this 21st century only 40 films are produced each year; down from 200-300 films a year in the 1990s.

• Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Festival
• Cinemanila International Film Festival
• Metro Manila Film Festival — held annually during the Christmas season, showcasing local films released during the festival month.

Listen

Filipino music combines Asian, Western, Hispanic and indigenous influences, and is heavily influenced by Western pop music. Modern Filipino music is called original Pinoy music (OPM), and songs are usually written in Tagalog or English.

Traditional Filipino songs such as kundiman (nostalgic/poetic songs) are still held dearly by the population but are slowly losing influence among the younger generations.

Check out pop and rock groups such as The Eraserheads, Spongecola, Parokya ni Edgar, Gary Valenciano, Side A and Apo Hiking Society and Morisette Amon.

Pinoy Pop (PPop) is now increasing its popularity. That genre is inspired by Korean Pop or KPop. Check out the boy groups Alamat, SB19 and BGYO.

Praat

Sien ook: Tagalog phrasebook

"Philippine English" English in the Philippines is largely based on American English, but there are a few terms and expressions peculiar to the local dialect of English, including many borrowings or translations of words in the Philippine languages and some local coinages, senses and slang. Some "Philippine English" words you may encounter are: Jeepney - a type of transportation unique to the Philippines, and very common Tricycle - local three-wheeled transport Adidas (not capitalized) - chicken feet, similar to the Chinese dish but a bit different. Named after the brand of shoe for its association with feet. Apir - (from up here) high five Brownout - a blackout or power outage Comfort room (dikwels afgekort as CR) - toilet/restroom/water closet (WC) Commute - to take public transportation or travel without a car Course - in higher education, this can either refer to individual subjects (used mainly by faculty, academics or school officials) or an entire degree program (used mainly by students or outsiders) Entertain - to attend to someone else, particularly for transactions Hand-carry - carry-on luggage High-blood - angered easily or short-tempered Load - remaining balance or prepaid credits on a cell phone; re-load means to refill or top-up current balance Napkin - tampons; female sanitary pads Nosebleed – (adjective) unable to understand or comprehend English due to strong foreign accents Ped xing (on highway warning signs) - pedestrian crossing Ref - short for refrigerator; fridge refers to the freezer part Rotunda - roundabout, traffic circle, or circular intersection. Borrowed from Spanish through Philippine languages Slang - any strong of foreign English accent. Often used on foreigners or Filipinos brought up in Western countries. Slippers – flip-flops Tissue - usually refers to toilet paper or table napkins Unli - short form for "unlimited"; many menu items include "unli-rice" English words has been borrowed into the Philippine languages and may be spelled more phonetically. Voorbeelde sluit in traysikel (tricycle) and pulis (police); both are pronounced much like the English words (through the former is more commonly spelled in its original spelling). Dates are pronounced differently in Philippine English, with the day number pronounced using the cardinal number, so for example, June 12 (Independence Day in the Philippines) is pronounced "June twelve". "June twelfth" is also understood, but is often viewed as a formal, posh or foreign pronunciation.

The Philippines has two official languages: Engels en Filippynse. Both are used in education and most Filipinos speak at least some of both, though proficiency in either vary quite widely.

Filippynse, the national language, is a standardized version of Tagalog, the language spoken around Metro Manila and much of southern and central Luzon. There are also dialects spoken in the southern Tagalog provinces, the most notable being the Batangas dialect with the catchy interjection ala eh and its vocabulary that continues to use words considered obsolete in most Tagalog dialects. While most Filipinos speak Tagalog, it can be seen as an inflammatory symbol of Tagalog "imperialism"; some Visayans still resent the elevation of Tagalog as the national language Filipino.

The Philippines has over 100 native languages, scattered throughout the country's regions and islands, though only a few regions and provinces have formally designated any of them as official or co-official (e.g. Ilocano is official in La Union). They are sometimes incorrectly referred to as “dialects” of Tagalog/Filipino, and some others (e.g. Karay-a in Panay) are sometimes treated as dialects of another native language with more speakers. Some of the other major indigenous languages of the Philippines aside from Tagalog are:

The Visayan languages (Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray and others) are spoken in the Visayas and most of Mindanao:

• Cebuano (also called Bisaya) is spoken in Cebu, Bohol, Negros Oriental, and much of Mindanao
• Hiligaynon (Ilonggo) is spoken in Iloilo, Negros Occidental, Guimaras and the SOCCSKSARGEN region of Mindanao
• Waray is spoken in the Samar and Leyte
• Tausug is spoken in Sulu

• Ilocano (also called Iloco) is the most commonly spoken language in northern Luzon, including Ilocos-streek, die Cordilleras en Cagayan Valley.
• Bikol languages (or Bicolano) are spoken in Bicol at the southeast tip of Luzon, and are known for wild variation between dialects; neighboring cities and towns may even have mutually unintelligible dialects.
• Kapampangan, which is more closely related to the indigenous languages of Zambales than to Tagalog, is spoken mainly in the provinces of Pampanga and southern Tarlac. Kapampangan sounds like a Tagalog dialect, but it has a vocabulary and grammar that makes it a distinct language from Tagalog.
• Chavacano, a Spanish-based creole mixing elements of Spanish and Austronesian languages, is spoken by in Zamboanga City, Basilan (insluitend Isabela City), and parts of coastal Cavite. While most of its vocabulary is from Spanish, the two are not mutually intelligible.

With the exception of Chavacano, most languages of the Philippines are part of the Austronesian languages, and are related to Malay, Indonesian, and most of the languages of the Pacific islands to most degree, and a speaker of any of them can recognize cognates. Many are heavily influenced by foreign languages like Spanish and English; most have loanwords from those, especially Spanish. Place names may follow Spanish spelling conventions (e.g. Tanjay, which is pronounced tan-high), and many are written using the Latin alphabet.

Engels is an official language of the Philippines and is a compulsory subject in all schools. Most Filipinos of all ages speak English at varying degrees of fluency, and a few Filipinos consider English as their first language. You can get around with only English in most large cities and tourist areas, but having a basic grasp of Tagalog or a regional language is useful once you head into the provinces, as English proficiency is limited there. There is no single accent of English in the Philippines, but there are characteristic accents influenced by the speaker's mother tongue, such as the interchanging of e met i en o met u by speakers of Visayan languages when speaking in English. Strong accents associated with foreigners or expatriate Filipinos are often perceived as "slang" or posh by locals. Furthermore, more affluent Filipinos are generally discouraged from speaking English to less affluent ones (an exception is when going to parts of the Visayas where English is usually preferred over Tagalog-based Filipino).

Code-switching between English or any Philippine language is common, resulting in mixes like Taglish (Tagalog and English) and Bislish (Bisaya/Cebuano and English). Mixing of languages within a conversation or even a sentence is common, though it is discouraged by formal language teachers. An example of code-switching is shown below:

Engels: Hoe gaan dit?I'm ok.

Tagalog: Kumusta ka na?Mabuti naman ako

Taglish: How are you na?Ok naman ako.

Spaans is no longer widely spoken, though many Spanish words survive in the local languages, and there are still up to half a million people who speak Spanish to varying degrees of fluency.

Other ethnic groups have brought new languages to the country, particularly in more urbanized areas like Manila. Ethnic Chinese brought along with them regional dialects like Hokkien, Cantonese and Mandarin; there is also a local variety of Hokkien called "Lan-nang" which is influenced by the Philippine languages, and Mandarin is also taught as an elective in schools. Korean and Japanese can be encountered in parts of large cities.

Filipino Sign Language (FSL) is the official sign language. It is the mutually intelligible with American Sign Language but not with British Sign Language, Auslan or other sign languages.

Many Filipinos speak multiple languages.

Foreign films and television programs (including English-language ones) shown in free-to-air TV channels broadcasting in the local languages are usually dubbed into Tagalog ("Tagalized"), with subtitles provided for any dialogue not dubbed. Foreign serials and films shown exclusively on pay-TV channels are shown in their original language unless the channel is specifically designed for dubbed shows. Films shown in cinemas are shown with original audio, and only dialogue not in English or Tagalog are subtitled in English. Newer Tagalog films are being provided with English subtitles, however, since some are being released internationally.

Topics in the Philippines  Bus travel in the Philippines  Christmas and New Year in the Philippines  Driving in the Philippines  Festivals and events in the Philippines  Filipino cuisine  National parks and protected areas of the Philippines  Filippynse rewolusie  Shopping in the Philippines

Gaan in

As an mostly island nation separated by thousands of kilometers of seas, the Philippines is mostly reachable only by plane (even from within Southeast Asia), and while travel by sea is also available, they are limited to non-existent (and dangerous) and ports may have limited facilities for immigration and customs processing.

While Philippine bureaucracy is nowhere as cumbersome and corrupt since the end of the Marcos era, the catch is that most visitors can travel visa free or get a visa upon arrival at most ports of entry. Customs are relaxed, but the country is now strictly enforcing restrictions on bringing plants, animals, and food, and the obvious prohibitions on bringing in contraband.

Toelatingsvereistes

Visums

Summary of Philippine visa policy Non-immigrant 9A: Temporary visitor visa (for tourism, business, or medical care). Valid for 30 days 9D: Foreign business visa. 9F: Student visa. 9G: Employment visa (along with Alien Employment Permit issued by the Department of Labor and Employment) TRV: Temporary resident visa SEVUA: Visa upon arrival. Valid 59 days. Immigrant 13: Quota immigrant visa 13A: Espousal visa (for foreign spouses and unmarried children of Filipino citizens) PRV: Permanent resident visa Spesiaal SVEG: Investor visa Foreign retiree visa

Nationals from most countries, including all ASEAN countries, can enter the Philippines without a visa for up to 30 days, or obtain a visa on arrival for up to 59 days, as long as they have a return or onward ticket as well as passports valid for a period of at least six months beyond the period of stay. Exceptions to this rule are as listed below:

• Onderdane van Brasilië en Israel may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 59 days.
• Onderdane van Hongkong en Macau - including permanent residents of Macau who hold Portuguese passports - may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 14 days.
• Nationals of the People's Republic of Sjina traveling as tourists and holding a valid visa issued by Australia, Canada, Japan, the United States or a Schengen Area state may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 7 days.
• Onderdane van Taiwan holding passports with National ID numbers or Resident Certificate may apply for the eVisa.
• Onderdane van Indië holding a valid tourist, business or resident visa issued by Australia, Canada, Japan, Singapore, the United Kingdom, the United States or a Schengen Area state may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to 14 days.

Citizens of all other countries not listed above need to apply for a visa at a Filipino diplomatic mission prior to departure.

Temporary visitor (9A) visas valid for 30 days are straightforward to obtain for most travelers. If intending to stay beyond 30 days, you may apply for a visa extension at the Bureau of Immigration (BI) which have offices in most main cities and at Manila and Cebu airports . Extensions are granted up to a maximum of six months per time. You can keep getting visa extensions up to a stay of 3 years, after which foreign nationals wishing to stay longer must go out of the Philippines and then come back to start anew.

The 1st visa extension got within the Philippines at a BOI office is from 30 days up to 59 days and cost ₱3130. The cost of a 29-day visa extension at Cebu airport is ₱3000. You could also get a 59-day tourist visa from any Philippine embassy around the world for US$30-40, but you must go to the embassy twice as the visa take 2-3 working days to get.

If you overstay, you must pay on departure a fine of ₱1000 per month of overstay plus a ₱2020 processing fee.

Airlines may refuse to let you check in if you only have a one-way ticket to the Philippines due to immigration requirements. Cebu Pacific Air will require a printed copy of an onwards "itinerary receipt" at check in. If you want to risk not having an onwards ticket, try to check in early to allow yourself time to buy a ticket at an Internet cafe or ticket desk in the airport if the airline refuses to check you in.

If you intend to stay beyond the 3 years on a temporary visitor visa, consider applying for either a temporary resident visa (TRV), a permanent resident visa (PRV), or a quota immigrant (13) visum. This is possible if you are married to a Filipino citizen, and/or if your home country has an immigration reciprocity agreement (which if there is none, you must apply for a TRV).

Alien registration and the Balikbayan program

If you intend to stay in the Philippines beyond 59 days with anything other than a visa upon arrival or an extended temporary visitor visa, you must register for an Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR) card, which costs US$50 with an additional processing fee of ₱1000. You must provide photocopies of your passport and issued visas, a 2x2 photo, and related documentation. The card is mandatory (as an additional fee) if you apply for a foreign business, student, work, or immigrant visa, and must be renewed every year. If you damaged or lost your card, have amended personal information, or placed wrong personal details, you must pay US$20 for a replacement, with a processing fee of ₱500 (₱1000 if replacing a lost card).

In addition, if you stay at any private residence (including apartments or condominium units), you must register your abode on the barangay of residence by obtaining a Barangay Certificate of Residence within 24 hours of your arrival, but this is not required for short-term travelers.

Under the "Balikbayan Program", former Filipino citizens who have been naturalized in a foreign country may enter the Philippines visa-free for up to one year. If eligible, you must prove your previous Philippine citizenship by presenting an old Philippine passport, birth certificate, or foreign naturalization documents. However, you may not have to present these documents to the immigration officer, as usually it is sufficient to speak any Filipino language, appear Filipino, and/or show the foreign passport if it indicates that you were born in the Philippines. If your Balikbayan status is granted, the immigration officer will annotate your passport for a one-year stay. Your spouse and children may also avail themselves of the Balikbayan privilege, as long as they enter and leave the Philippines together with you. If you choose to reside permanently, you can reacquire Filipino citizenship by taking the Philippine oath of allegiance, and your children (under 18), including illegitimate or adopted children, will automatically acquire Filipino citizenship.

Arrival and customs

The Philippines fingerprints and photographs visitors upon arrival and departure as part of the immigration process. These fingerprints may make their way into the databases of other countries' authorities. Those under 18 are exempted.

You must fill up an arrival card at the port of entry and is presented to immigration, where you will provide your reason for travel and your contact details (home/hotel address, phone numbers, emails). If arriving by plane, the arrival card is in the same sheet as the customs declaration form.

Upon departure, you must fill up also a departure card, which is basically the same as the arrival card, but is a small square sheet of paper that omits the customs declaration form and contact info section.

Customs are mostly relaxed with the general restrictions on duty-free items: you can bring up to 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of alcohol, reasonable amounts of perfume, and 200 sticks (often one carton with 10 packs containing 20 sticks) of cigarettes or 50 cigars or 100 g of tobacco.

You can import or export ₱10,000, or any foreign currency equivalent to $10,000 (about ₱500,000 in 2019) without restriction, but anything in excess must be declared to customs and authorized by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP). Checks above those amounts are also covered by the same rules.

The Philippines now enforces strict restrictions on bringing in any animal and plant products (in particular unprocessed fruits, vegetables, meat and fish), and you must declare any of them to both Bureau of Customs (BOC) and Department of Agriculture (DA) officials, or they will be confiscated. Processed or packaged foods are usually exempted. If you bring pets, they must be dewormed and vaccinated against rabies, and be declared to customs as well. All products from endangered species are confiscated.

You must declare also any CDs, DVDs, and electronics (including cell phones) in your checked baggage; items in carry-ons are often rarely checked, but can be subject to random inspection. Importing pornography, dangerous drugs, pirated or counterfeit goods and hazardous chemical products is prohibited. If you intend to bring firearms for certain purposes, such as recreational shooting, expect going through paperwork to secure a Permit to Carry and additional permits.

Illegal drugs: visitors and transiting passengers must expect hefty fines for carrying small amounts of drugs and paraphernalia, or 20 to 40 years in prison and deportation for larger amounts.

For a comprehensive guide on what and what not to bring on your baggage, see the Regulated/Restricted and Prohibited Importations at the Bureau of Customs website.

Philippine customs officers are fairly notorious for corruption, but this is slowly changing; travelers cannot get away with not declaring any restricted items or contraband on checked baggage, with inspections using X-ray scanners and random checks using K-9 dogs. If you get caught, expect fines and possibly a jail term, deportation and/or being blacklisted by immigration).

Met die vliegtuig

Although the Philippines is an archipelago, most visitors arrive by plane. If you live in an area with a large Filipino population, check out travel agencies catering to overseas Filipinos which often have fares keener than those generally advertised.

Flag carrier Philippine Airlines, and low-cost carriers Cebu Pacific en AirAsia are the major airlines in the country; all offer both international and domestic flights. Many other airlines operate international flights to the Philippines, and there are several smaller domestic carriers including some that use seaplanes or helicopters to reach destinations without an airport.

What to pay when leaving the Philippines? Airports terminals in the country have a terminal fee which is now included in the ticket price. For all airports the terminal fees for internasionale vlugte are now included in the ticket price. Some Filipinos and all foreigners who have been in the Philippines for more than one year are required to pay a travel tax of either ₱2700 if flying first class or ₱1620 for business or economy class. The tax is collected at a designated counter before check-in. In some cases the travel tax is included in the ticket price; check first and ask before paying. Foreign nationals and balikbayans (former Filipino citizens) who are staying in the Philippines for less than one year are exempt from paying the travel tax, as are overseas Filipino workers (OFW), Filipino students studying abroad, infants and employees of government or international agencies on official business. Reduced rates are available for minors (under 12 years), dependents of OFWs (under 21 years) and journalists on assignment.

If you plan to travel around the various islands, it may be best to get an open jaw ticket; this can save much time back-tracking. Most open-jaw ticket combinations fly into Manila and out of Cebu or vice versa. It might also be possible to get a ticket with a stopover; for example Silk Air (part of Singapore Airlines) fly Singapore-Davao-Cebu and it would be worth asking if you can have a few days in Davao without a change in fare.

Most visitors entering the Philippines will fly in through the Ninoy Aquino Internasionale Lughawe(NAIA) (MNL ^IATA) in Metro Manila. Traveling through Manila airport used to mean long delays, difficult transfers between terminals and sometimes corrupt officials. It has improved greatly, but some visitors still choose to avoid flying through Manila, There are two main alternatives:

• Mactan-Cebu Internasionale Lughawe (CEB ^IATA) in Metro Cebu is the Philippines' second-busiest airport. It is in the center of the country, closer to destinations in the Visays of Mindanao than Manila is.
• Clark Airport (CRK ^IATA) in Angeles City 85 km north of Manila is a popular hub for low-cost carriers serving Manila, although a few full-service carriers serve the airport as well.

Manila, Cebu, Davao, and Clark are the country's main hubs for domestic flights. You can arrive at any of these airports and expect to reach more-or-less anywhere in the country reasonably easily.

Other airports around the country also have international flights.

• Francisco Bangoy International Airport (DVO ^IATA) in Davao is served by Silk Air from Singapoer, and Cathay Dragon from Hongkong.
• Kalibo International Airport (KLO ^IATA) in Kalibo, Aklan (naby Boracay). AirAsia has flights to Seoel en Busan in South Korea, and Cebu Pacific from Hong Kong and Seoul . Other airlines also have scheduled flights to Kalibo from points in South Korea, China and Taiwan.
• Iloilo International Airport (ILO ^IATA) in Iloilo is served by Cebu Pacific, with flights from Hongkong en Singapoer.
• Puerto Princesa Internasionale Lughawe (PPS ^IATA) in Puerto Princesa, Palawan het direkte vlugte vanaf Taipei on Tiger Air Taiwan.
• Panglao AirportTAG ^IATA in Bohol

As of mid-2019, several other cities have new airports being planned or under construction, so the list is likely to become longer in the 2020s.

Per boot

• Aleson Shipping Lines has a ferry to Zamboanga from Sandakan, Maleisië. Schedule departs Zamboanga every Monday and Thursday noon. Economy class ₱2700 per way. Cabin ₱3100 per way.

This route may be dangerous; see warnings at Sulu-eilande en Zamboanga Peninsula.

Kry rond

The country's vast archipelagic nature make travel by plane and boat very important for most visitors, especially between major cities. The country is quite large, especially with also the water counted, and its geography and population patterns mean that seemingly short distances, especially on land, may take more time to travel than you would expect.

Do what Filipinos do, and try to "commute" or take public transportation as possible. That said, travel by car or motorcycle is still an interesting way to discover the Philippines and find places off the beaten track, if you're bold to face the rather shocking situation on Philippine roads.

Finding your way

Philippine addresses follow the Western system, but often have a lot more information, and directions or landmark details (e.g. opposite the high school, near the church/police station/barangay hall) are often provided. Street names exist, but they become less common as you get into the countryside, and the intersecting street is often included (e.g. Rizal Avenue cor. Mabini Street). Rural addresses may only have the barangay name, and the way to find them will be provided in parentheses. Most addresses should have the barangay (the smallest unit of local government in the Philippines) listed, but in some large cities (e.g. Manila), the district name is provided instead, and the barangay name would not be used if it is just a number, letter, or an alphanumeric combinations (usual in some city or town centers, often called poblacion areas, and some big cities like Pasay en Caloocan). Subdivisions, which can be a named neighborhood within an urban barangay or a gated community, may have houses numbered by the block and lot number instead.

Part of almost any Filipino address is the barangay (abbreviated as Brgy.), the lowest government unit of administration. The word may have come from balangay — the type of boat that Austronesian settlers arrived on — or from Spanish barrio, which it replaced as the official term in the 1970s. Some barangays are divided into sitios of puroks, or smaller communities (sub-villages) or hamlets, especially in rural areas where settlements are scattered in far flung communities. In urban areas, most barangays no longer have sitios/puroks but contiguous residential subdivisions or communities. Urban barangays play the role that neighborhoods or districts would in another country, and tend to have small land area but large population. Rural barangays are about like townships or counties elsewhere, and often cover a large area.

If you take a taxi, jeepney or tricycle, ask for directions in advance. Filipinos will ask fellow locals, drivers, shop owners, or cops for the nearest landmark or building characteristics; doing the same will help you get around better.

• Barangay halls may have detailed maps of an area, which should indicate the main roads or streets and major landmarks. Aside from local police, you can also ask barangay tanods (village watchers) stationed in roadside outposts, but their directions can be vague to useless, and they may have limited English skills depending on the area.
• Google Maps works well in large cities and even rural areas, and provides turn-by-turn navigation and traffic information, but coverage is messy depending on place (with many places ending at odd spots due to the system misinterpreting addresses), and barangays are often not shown in addresses. Bus, train, and ferry schedules can also be found through Maps, but schedules for buses or ferries are hardly reliable, and transit directions are good only for planning your route.

Met die vliegtuig

Flight delays Flight delays can occur due to technical problems at major airports around the Philippines. If bad weather or smog accumulates throughout the day, so does the backlog of flights and this can cause a 2–3-hour delay in your domestic flight. If you have a separately ticketed flight on a continuing journey, or plan to fly out the next day, then you might want to consider flying earlier rather than later, that way you have plenty of time to relax, transit or make your hotel reservation for the night.

Since the Philippines is an archipelago, the easiest way to move between islands is by plane. Philippine Airlines (and its regional carrier, PAL Express), Cebu Pacific (and its regional carrier, Cebgo) en Philippines AirAsia have significant domestic operations, linking many major towns and cities. There are also several smaller carriers which serve resort destinations (such as Amanpulo in Palawan), as well as more remote destinations. While most cities are served by jet aircraft, some destinations are served by propeller-driven planes.

The route networks of most local airlines are heavily centered around Manila, Cebu, and Clark: flying between domestic points usually entails having to transit one of those cities, although direct flights between other major cities are slowly being introduced. Reaching Sulu and Tawi-Tawi by air is a special case: travelers must fly through Zamboanga City.

A significant majority of domestic flights in the Philippines are operated by low-cost carriers and are consequently economy-only: PAL is the only airline to offer business class on domestic flights. This does not mean however that fares are affordable: domestic seat sales are a common feature throughout the year, and all major airlines regularly offer promo fares on their websites. However, fares increase significantly during major peak travel seasons (particularly during Christmas, Holy Week and Undas), and in places served by only one airline (such as Camiguin of Marinduque), fares also increase during major provincial or town fiestas. Flights are frequently full during peak travel season, so it is advisable to book well in advance. Local airlines have regular "seat sales", advertising cheap fares for flights to domestic destinations. Sommige kaartjies wat tydens 'n sitplekverkoping bespreek word, mag egter eers op die datums gebruik word na die duur van die veiling (soms tot 'n jaar na die uitverkoping) en geadverteerde tariewe sluit gewoonlik belasting en brandstofheffings in.

Passasiers wat op binnelandse vlugte vertrek vanaf Clark-lughawe moet betaal a ₱150 terminale fooi voordat u die gebied voor vertrek betree; die fooi is by al die ander lughawens in die Filippyne ingesluit (insluitend NAIA).

Veiligheid is streng by die Filippynse lughawens, so bied ekstra tyd vir landelike kontrolepunte. Voertuie word deur sekuriteit nagegaan voordat hulle die lughawe binnegaan, en bagasie word by die ingang van die terminale gesif en passasiers gaan deur 'n metaalverklikker. Landside op Filippynse lughawens is gewoonlik buite perke vir nie-passasiers.

Met die bus

Hoofartikel: Busreise in die Filippyne

Busse is 'n goedkoop en doeltreffende manier om landwyd in die Filippyne te reis en beslaan 'n groot deel van die land.

Provinsiale busse is algemeen beskikbaar, en sluit pendeldienste na 'n kleiner stad of stad verder as 50 km van 'n groot stad in, stadsdiensdienste wat feitlik by elke barangay en klein dorpie langs die pad stop, en langafstand-intercity-lopies ( wat 'n veerbootrit kan insluit, wat al dan nie by die kaartjieprys ingesluit is nie). Busse vanaf middestede soos Manila, Cebu of Davao is geneig om beter te wees, met lugversorging, vaste sitplekke en gereelde vertrek.

Daar is geen busmaatskappye wat die hele land dek nie, maar daar is meer as honderd busmaatskappye wat provinsiale dienste van verskillende groottes bedryf. Die grootste busmaatskappye is Victory Liner, Vyfster ('n sustermaatskappy van Victory Liner), Philtranco, en die Yanson Groep, wat dekking het oor 'n groot deel van die land, verskeie filiale of handelsmerke bedryf, en goeie klantediens en veiligheidsrekords het.

Provinsiale busse is beskikbaar in vyf klasse: Gewoon, Airconditioning, Deluxe (uitvoerend), Super Deluxe en Luuks. Luuks busse, met wye sitplekke (of selfs beddens), toilette en persoonlike vermaakskerms, word aanbeveel vir langafstandreise tussen groot stede, en kaartjiepryse is gewoonlik gelyk aan die lugdienste. Gewoon busse word gewoonlik nie aanbeveel vir buitelandse reisigers nie; hulle is nie met lugversorging, meer druk en minder veilig nie, en u moet irriterende gedrag hanteer soos mense wat uit die oop vensters spoeg.

Stadsbusse is ongewoon, en slegs Manila, Cebu en Davao het stadsbusstelsels. Dit word uitgekontrakteer aan private busondernemings wat deur 'n vervoeragentskap bedryf word, maar volg 'n tarief wat deur die nasionale regering bepaal is. Die busse is dikwels dieselfde as dié wat u op provinsiale roetes ry, maar lae vloerbusse word stadigaan bekendgestel. Manila en Cebu het ook lughawebusse en luukse snelbusse (handelsmerke) Punt-tot-punt of P2P, wat ook provinsiale stede bedien).

Die meeste busse het 'n dirigent wat passasiers help, behalwe om tariewe in te samel en die kaartjies te slaan. Hulle is nuttig, maar is minder gewoond aan buitelanders as lugdienspersoneel.

Kaartjies kan in die bus gekoop word deur die dirigent, by die terminale of aanlyn (via die maatskappy se webwerf of 'n besprekingsportaal), maar dit is slegs bruikbaar vir een enkele reis.

Busreise in die Filippyne kan langer as twee uur duur, en dit sal 'n tussenstop wees by 'n restaurant langs die pad of 'n bedieningsgebied, gewoonlik gekoppel aan of 'n vennootskap met die busmaatskappy. Toilette word toenemend toegerus op busse wat op langafstandroetes gebruik word, maar ouer busse het miskien nie een nie.

U kan handbagasies van tot 10 kg (22 lb) aan boord neem, en alles wat swaarder is, gaan na die laairuimte. Troeteldiere kan aan boord gedra word in goedgekeurde hokke, maar dit hang af van die maatskappy se reëls. Die beleid ten opsigte van voedsel en drank verskil, maar is gewoonlik toegelaat op provinsiale dienste, solank dit nie morsig is nie. Rook is verbode aan boord en by die terminale of stop.

Stede en dorpe het gewoonlik een of meer sentrale busstasies, beide deur die regering en van maatskappye. Groot busstasies kan soos 'n lughawe funksioneer: u moet vooraf die kaartjies koop en deur 'n veiligheidskontrole gaan sodra u die vertrekgebied binnekom, en u moet deur die hek vertoon op die inligtingstafel. Klein busstasies kan nie net 'n stuk beton of vuil wees met basiese geriewe nie.

Buitelanders word minder gereeld in busse gesien, verwag dus blootstelling aan algemene, skokkende gedrag soos spoeg en harde gesprekke en ander ergernisse soos harde klank en mense wat al hul swaar bagasie aan boord het. Dit gesê, 'n busrit bied die geleentheid om met plaaslike inwoners te kommunikeer en die Filippynse kultuur te ervaar.

Met die trein

Sien ook: slaaptreine

Die Filippynse nasionale spoorweë (PNR), die spoorwegonderneming wat deur die regering besit word, bestuur treine binne Luzon. Die spoorwegnetwerk dateer uit die 1890's en 1900's, maar het sedert die 1980's in verval en verwaarlosing verval, en eers in die 2010's het die regering daartoe verbind om die stelsel te rehabiliteer, op te bou en uit te brei met finansiële en tegniese hulp van Japan en China.

Luzon het een interspoorlyn wat tussen Manila en die stad Legazpi in Bicol streek, maar oornagdienste soos die Bicol Express en Mayon Beperk is sedert 2015 geskors, en slegs pendel- en streeksdienste in Metro Manila, Laguna, en Bicol is vanaf 2019 in werking.

PNR-langafstandtreine is beskikbaar in vier klasse: slaapplek (slegs in Bicol Express), luukse / uitvoerende (slegs in die volledig lugversorgde Mayon Beperk), lugversorging (met roteerbare sitstoelstoele) en gewone (banke en 3 -3 sitplekke van aangesig tot aangesig, slegs in die gewone Mayon). Pendeltreine en streektreine is slegs in 'n enkele klas beskikbaar, hetsy lugversorging of gewone, het bankstoele en staankamer, en die eerste motor is gereserveer vir vroue, bejaardes en gestremdes.

Met die motor

Hoofartikel: Bestuur in die Filippyne

Die kwaliteit van die paaie in die Filippyne wissel van die geplaveide snelweë met baie gange van Luzon tot die smal grondpaaie van afgeleë berggebiede, wat die reis per motor kan bemoeilik. Die meeste groot snelweë het twee tot vier bane en is normaalweg met asfalt of beton geplavei, alhoewel paaie met meer as vier bane, wat dikwels verdeeld is, algemeen naby groot stede voorkom. Straatuitlegte in die meeste stede en dorpe het sedert die Spaanse koloniale era nooit verander nie, en paaie daarheen is dikwels smal, met baie blinde hoeke. Padatlasse en -kaarte is by boekwinkels regoor die land beskikbaar en is baie handig om te bestuur, veral as u alleen ry.

Buitelandse bestuurslisensies is wettiglik tot 90 dae na aankoms in die Filippyne geldig, waarna 'n Filippynse bestuurslisensie vereis word. Dit kan ook 'n goeie idee wees om u paspoort saam te neem om aan te dui dat u minder as 91 dae gelede u laaste besoek aan die Filippyne was.

Voertuigverkeer in die Filippyne beweeg op die reg, en die oorgrote meerderheid van die padtekens is in Engels, met 'n paar in Filipino. Verkeerstekens is 'n mengsel van Amerikaanse en Europese standaarde. Padmerke is gewoonlik wit, dieselfde as in die grootste deel van Europa, behalwe vir die nie-verbygaande lyne, wat geel gebruik, soos in die meeste van die Amerikas. Alhoewel die meeste hoofweë goeie aanwysings en merktekens het, kom dit meestal minder voor in middestad en kleinpaaie, meer in plattelandse paaie in die armste streke.

Per motorfiets

Motorfietse en bromponies (kan een van hulle bel motor in Filipino Engels) is baie algemeen in die land, meestal Japannese handelsmerke plus sommige Filippynse handelsmerke soos Rusi. Die meeste is in die reeks 125-200cc. Dit is te huur (gewoonlik teen ongeveer ₱300 per dag) in baie stede en toeristegebiede, en dit is algemeen dat langtermynbesoekers een koop.

Motorfietsry hier is nie sleg nie, en motorfietsryers word redelik dikwels doodgemaak, veral as gevolg van gevaarlike bestuursgewoontes soos dronkbestuur of onwettige verbysteek. Sien Bestuur in die Filippyne.

Daar is 'n nasionale wet wat helms vereis, maar dit word nie konsekwent in alle streke toegepas nie.

Motorfiets taxi's

Motorfiets taxi's (habal-habal) beskikbaar is, maar bly onwettig en ongereguleerd vanaf 2020. Op sommige plekke, soos Samal, dit is die enigste vervoeropsie, alhoewel byna almal nie gelisensieer is nie. Daar is geen meters nie; u moet oor 'n prys onderhandel, en sommige bestuurders kan probeer om toeriste te veel te hef of voel hulle is geregtig op iets ekstra, want u wil die enigste passasier wees waar hulle twee of selfs drie Filippyne kan vervoer. As u 'n keuse het, 'n driewiel of 'n jeepney sal gewoonlik veiliger en gemakliker wees.

In groot stede is dit moontlik om a habal-habal deur middel van programme soos Angkas en GrabBike. Die toepassingsdienste het gekwalifiseerde en opgeleide bestuurders wat deur 'n uniform met die naam van die maatskappy geïdentifiseer kan word.

Met die taxi

Taxi-tariewe Die meeste van die taxibestuurders vra deesdae tariewe wat nie op die meters gebaseer is nie, veral nie tydens spitstye nie. As u hierdie sê "nee" teëkom en sê dat bestuurders nie die reg het om u 'n tarief te gee wat dubbel is nie en wat nie op die meters gebaseer is nie, word toeriste sowel as die Filippyne van die middelklas-elite-klas dit gewoonlik teëgekom. Klim uit die taxi, dreig die bestuurder dat u die polisietelefoon skakel;Filippynse nasionale polisie (PNP) 63 2 722-0650 skakel jou selfoon om hom te laat glo dat jy die polisie skakel of die skakel MMDA(Metro Manila Development Authority) -lyn; 136 as u binne Manila is, kan u ook die polisie by 2920 SMS en u boodskap moet soos volg wees; PNP (spasie) (boodskap) vir u klagtes. Sommige taxi's het meters wat kwitansies uitgee; vra vir 'n kwitansie as hulle een het.

Huurmotors is gewoonlik beskikbaar in die groot stede, maar word gewoonlik nie gebruik om deur verskillende provinsies en streke te reis nie.

As u 'n taxi in die stede groet, moet u seker maak dat die meter aan is en moet u die tarief betaal. 'N Wenk van ₱10 aanvaarbaar is. Maak ook seker dat u muntstukke en rekeninge het, aangesien die bestuurders dikwels beweer dat hulle nie verander het in 'n poging om 'n groter fooi te kry nie, en in die oggendperiodes aanvaar baie bestuurders slegs munte as betaling (kyk uit vir die alomteenwoordige Barya lang po sa umaga teken of plakker)! Verder moet u nie verbaas wees as bestuurders die meter in die spitstyd wil omseil nie. Die meeste taxi's het die vlag af koers van ₱40 met elke 300 meter koste ₱3.50 terwyl geel taxi-taxi's duurder is met 'n afslagkoers van ₱70 met elke 300 meter koste ₱4 (April 2011).

U kan 'n taxi bespreek met behulp van mobiele GPS-toepassings soos 'Grab Taxi' en 'Easy Taxi' teen 'n klein bedrag. Dit is beter as om 'n taxi te sien, want u kan die aantal beskikbare taxi's en hul ligging via GPS sien. Sodra u 'n bevestigde taxi-bespreking het, sal die naam, foto, nommer en telefoonnommer op u mobiele toestel verskyn en u kan met u bestuurder kommunikeer om hom presies te laat weet waar u is. Dit is beskikbaar in Metro Manila en Cebu.

Per boot

Metro Manila

Ontdek Manila met Pasig's Veerbootdiens Pasig, is waterbusse beskikbaar in stasies rondom die historiese rivier van Pasig. Tariewe wissel van ₱25, ₱35 en ₱45. Vir studente en jeugpryse is ₱20 ongeag afstand.

Reise tussen eilande

Na busse en vliegtuie is skepe die volgende goedkoopste manier om in die land te reis.

Veerboot na ander eilande kan meer as 24 uur duur, afhangende van die afstand. Die enigste landwye veerbootlyn is 2 Gaan reis. Vanaf Cebu is daar kleiner veerbootlyne: Trans Asia Shipping Linies, Cokaliong rederye, Lite Ferries en Oceanjet.

Skedules kan gevind word op rederywebwerwe of in koerante met afdelings vir veerbootadvertensies. Veerbote kan soms vertraag word omdat al die vrag en passasiers nog nie aan boord is nie, of weens die weer.

Vaarte

Hans Christian Andersen Cruise^{[dooie skakel]} sal u op reis neem deur die Filippyne. Hulle neem u na leë strande, plaaslike vissersdorpies, duik en snorkel. Hulle bied 'n ontspanne vakansie-atmosfeer en u hoef nie bekommerd te wees oor 'n kleredrag nie.

Deur bussie

UV Express, of Nuts Van Express (voorheen, maar steeds algemeen "FX" genoem, vanweë die gebruik van die Toyota Tamaraw FX-veeldoelige voertuig), is 'n bussie-pendeldiens wat gewoonlik bestuur word deur wit Toyota- of Nissan-bestelwagens met roete- en operateurmerke. Hulle kom algemeen voor op kort roetes in die provinsies en is vinniger as die bus of jeepney, aangesien hulle sonder ophou ry, maar die voertuie is dikwels vol gepak, die plafon is laag vir lang buitelanders, daar is min plek vir lywige bagasie en tariewe is duurder as die gewone bus (maar goedkoper as die jeepney).

UV Express het vaste roetes soos busse of jeepneys, maar as ononderbroke dienste kan hulle slegs passasiers by roeteterminales oplaai. Die tarief is 'n vaste tarief ₱2 per kilometer keer die punt-tot-punt-lengte van die roete, en word afgehaal deur die geleier wat die voorste passasiersitplek inneem of 'n tariefversamelaar by die terminale. UV-terminale is gewoonlik by 'n busstasie of winkelsentrum, maar daar is ook toegewyde stasies wat een of meer UV-roetes kan bedien. Vertrek is onreëlmatig en die bakkies vertrek slegs as dit vol is.

Moet nooit 'n bussie groet of die bestuurder vra om u soos 'n jeepney op die bestemde bestemming af te laai nie. Bestelwagens wat dit moontlik maak om buite die terminale op te laai of af te laai, is ongelisensieerde voertuie sonder roete- en bedryfsmerke (en 'n privaat voertuigkenteken); hulle is geneig om oorlaai en onveilig te wees, die tariewe hoër en die reis neem langer.

Gelisensieerde, deur die regering geakkrediteerde busdienste wat per telefoon bespreek word en van-tot-deur-diens vanaf die lughawe na u hotel lewer (en andersom), is ook in sommige toeristegebiede beskikbaar. Hulle ry stadiger as 'n taxi, want hulle stop langs hotelle, maar is dikwels goedkoper.

U kan ook 'n bussie huur as u met 'n groep van 10-18 persone reis; huur tariewe begin gewoonlik vanaf ₱1000 'n dag (en die koste wat deur die groep gedeel word), en maaltye in 'n restaurant en verblyf by 'n hotel, oord of gastehuis word gewoonlik op u versoek ingesluit. Inskrywings hiervoor is egter moeilik om te vind, en is gewoonlik filipyne.

Per jeepney

Jeepneys kom algemeen in die hele land voor en is verreweg die goedkoopste manier om die meeste groot stedelike gebiede te verken. Verkeerstekens waarna hulle verwys, noem hulle gewoonlik 'PUJ', 'Jeep van openbare nut'.

Jeepneys is dikwels redelik druk en oor die algemeen nie baie gemaklik nie (veral as jy lank is), daar is gewoonlik min plek vir bagasie (alhoewel die meeste 'n dakrak het), kan daar sakkies, en u kan ergerlike gedrag ervaar, soos bestuurders wat rook of passasiers wat hard praat, maar elke besoeker moet dit ten minste een keer probeer, want hulle is beslis deel van 'n "Filippyne-ervaring". Vir 'n sakereisiger is dit waarskynlik een van die mees gebruikte vervoeropsies.

In stede loop jeepneys gewoonlik op vaste roetes en het vaste tariewe afhangende van die afstand (dikwels ongeveer ₱9 vir tot 4 km (2,5 myl) en 'n ekstra ₱2.25 per km vanaf 2019), en sal stop as jy daarheen waai. Gewoonlik is daar bordjies aan die kant van die voertuig wat die roete aandui. In Manila en ander groot stede vind u verskeie jeepneys per roete, dus u hoef selde lank te wag om een ​​te haal.

In die provinsies verbind jeepneys ook dorpe en stede. Vir hierdie langer reise is daar dikwels afslag vir seniors of studente, maar gewoonlik nie op reise binne 'n stad nie. Vir 'n reis van 'n paar kilometer van 'n stad na 'n voorstad of 'n paar dosyne kilometers na 'n nabygeleë stad is jeepneys dikwels die beste manier om te reis. Vir langer reise is busse egter gemakliker.

Die oorspronklike jeepneys was gebaseer op jeeps wat die Amerikaners agtergelaat het Tweede Wereldoorlog; Filippyne het die liggaam verleng en bankies langs die sye bygevoeg om meer mense te laat sit. Vandag is die meeste nuwe jeepneys gebaseer op ingevoerde tweedehandse voertuie, maar baie ouer motors loop steeds. Jeepneys het gewoonlik sitplek vir ongeveer 20 mense, maar hulle neem dikwels 30 of meer saam met mense in die paadjie of op die hardloopplanke. 'N Paar passasiers kan voor sit met die bestuurder; dit is die beste sitplekke.

Sommige jeepneys het 'n geleier om die tariewe in te vorder, maar op ander betaal u die bestuurder. Dit is redelik algemeen dat mense wat agter sit, ander passasiers kry om hul geld aan die bestuurder oor te gee; dit is makliker as u presies verander. Dit is ook algemeen dat passasiers munte teen die metaaldele van die dak klink wanneer hulle wil; die geluid dra na die bestuurder.

Pasop vir kolorum jeepneys wat nie 'n gemerkte roete het nie. Dit word die beste vermy, maar op sommige plekke is dit algemeen en is dit miskien die enigste wat beskikbaar is. Sien #Bly veilig. Selfs op wettige jeepneys kan daar probleme wees met bestuurders wat die reis onwettig "sny", dit is wanneer u die volle tarief na u bestemde bestemming betaal en u gedwing word om halfpad op die roete of êrens naby u bestemming te vertrek sonder om terugbetaling te kry as gevolg van 'n verkeersknoop, padversperring of gebrek aan wagpassasiers.

In sommige gebiede is daar voertuie soos 'n jeepney, maar gebou op 'n kleiner onderstel, sodat hulle slegs ongeveer 'n dosyn passasiers kan vervoer. Plaaslike inwoners noem dit gewoonlik multicabs.

'Moderne' jeepneys, wat bestuur word deur maatskappye of koöperasies in plaas van individue soos met die 'tradisionele' voertuie, word stadig ingefaseer, veral rondom Manila. Terwyl dit tegnies jeepneys is, kan die voertuie meer soos 'n minibus lyk, met 'n ingangsdeur aan die regterkant. Tariewe is effens duur (vanaf ₱11 vir die eerste 4 km, vermeerder met ₱1.40-1.70), maar dit is moontlik om met slimkaarte te betaal (bv. Biep) in plaas van kontant, en die voertuie is gemakliker.

Per driewiel

Traysikels is driewiele, motorfiets- en syspan-tuigies; die motorfietse is tipies Japannese masjiene in die reeks 125-200cc. Dit lyk of die ontwerp van streek tot streek verskil, maar binne 'n gegewe stad sal al die skinkborde van dieselfde soort wees. Op sommige plekke sit die syspan vier, op ander plekke net twee. In baie gebiede, pedicab verwys na 'n pedaal aangedrewe voertuig, óf 'n fiets-en-syspan-tuig, óf 'n fietsry-riksja met twee sitplekke agter en die ryer wat voor trap. In ander gebiede word 'pedicab' ook vir gemotoriseerde tuigriggers gebruik.

In sommige van die kleiner stede is dit die vernaamste vervoermiddel binne die stad, en jeepneys word slegs gebruik vir reise tussen dorpe. In 'n paar gebiede word driewielers ook gebruik om buite die stad te ry tot ongeveer 25 km.

Dit is miskien nie na die smaak van die meeste buitelanders nie, want hulle is beknop en baie oop vir geraas en weer. Op die meeste plekke is dit gedeelde voertuie; verwag om saam met ander mense saam te ry en op dieselfde manier te ry as die bestuurder afstuur om 'n passasier op sy of haar bestemming af te lewer.

Die meeste tariewe in enige stad is ₱10-80, afhangende hoofsaaklik van die afstand. Die meeste tariewe is per persoon, maar sommige per driewiel. Op sommige plekke word die tarief wettiglik gereguleer. Soms is daar vaste tariewe. In landelike gebiede verskil die tariewe. Soms, veral vir langer lopies, sal u dit moet doen winskoop oor die tarief, en sommige bestuurders sal probeer om buitelanders te veel te hef.

Oor die algemeen is die meeste reise redelik veilig en aangenaam en volgens buitelandse standaarde redelik goedkoop, maar daar kan probleme wees. Sommige bestuurders mag rook terwyl hulle ry (ten spyte van rookverbod op openbare nutsvoertuie, insluitend driewielers) of oorbelasting, en 'n hele paar ry nogal avontuurlik, en oortree gereeld verkeersreëls, soos onwettige verbysteek of negatiewe driewielverbod (hoofsaaklik op snelweg). Sommige van die motorfietse is baie lawaaierig, hulle rook of het onvoldoende kopligte of agterligte.

Daar is gewoonlik 'n bagasierak aan die agterkant. As u dit gebruik, moet u seker maak dat die bestuurder u goed vasmaak; anders kan hulle gesteel word of uitvlieg as u 'n bult tref. Groot of waardevolle bagasie moet in die passasiersgebied ry; op driewielers met vier sitplekke kan die voorste sitplek opgevou word om plek te maak. U sal gewoonlik ekstra hiervoor moet betaal, wat billik is, aangesien die bagasie voorkom dat die bestuurder meer passasiers neem.

U kan driewielers in sommige gebiede soos motor-riksja's of tuk-tuks vind, veral in Mindanao (bv. Die motorelas van Cagayan de Oro); hulle het passasiers wat agter die bestuurder sit in plaas van in 'n aparte syspan. Bajaj-motor-riksja's - sommige word aangedryf deur saamgeperste aardgas - kan ook in sommige gebiede gesien word; die nadeel is dat hulle slegs 3 tot 4 passasiers kan vervoer (daar is geen ekstra sitplek vir klein kinders of 'n ander passasier nie), maar die onderstebo is dat hulle 'n hoër kopruimte, minder enjingeraas en gemakliker sitplekke het. Elektriese motorvoertuie kan op sommige gebiede gevind word, soos in Manila.

Sien

Die Filippyne kan u die tropiese eilandervaring in u lewe gee. Sy pragtige sandstrande, warm klimaat, eeu-oue kerke, manjifieke bergreekse, digte reënwoude, ryk kultuur en glimlaggende mense is 'n paar besienswaardighede wat u kan sien en ervaar op hierdie eilandgroep wat bestaan ​​uit 7 107 eilande. U kan die land se ryk en unieke kultuur op verskillende maniere ervaar, soos om ou Spaanse kerke te besoek en saam met kleurryke toetse te kom fiestas (feeste) en deur eksotiese en smaaklike kookkuns te geniet. Maar miskien is die beste manier om die Filippynse kultuur te ervaar deur op 'n jeepney te ry.

Historiese en kulturele besienswaardighede

Die Spanjaarde het in die 1560's die Filippyne begin koloniseer en dit aangehou totdat die Amerikaners in 1898 oorgeneem het. Byna elke stad in die land het 'n paar mooi ou geboue uit daardie tydperk, ten minste 'n Katolieke kerk. Sommige het veel meer as dit, hele distrikte vol ou geboue, insluitend die oorblyfsels van Spaanse vestings:

• Manila is die hoofstad van die Filippyne; dit is gedurende die Spaanse koloniale era gestig. Ondanks die feit dat dit 'n stad met moderne wolkekrabbers is, het Manila steeds sy ryk historiese en kulturele erfenis. Sy ou kerke, koloniale strukture, neo-klassieke geboue en historiese bakens gee hierdie stad sy unieke bekoring.
• Intramuros (Spaans vir 'binne die mure') is die oudste distrik en historiese kern van Manila. Intramuros is die tuiste van Manilla se beste en oudste strukture soos die Manila-katedraal en Fort Santiago. Ondanks die feit dat dit tydens die Tweede Wêreldoorlog erg beskadig is, het Intramuros steeds sy Spaanse koloniale karakter.
• Cebu City was die eerste Spaanse nedersetting in die Filippyne, en was 'n paar jaar die hoofstad. Die kolon-distrik het van die belangrikste historiese en erfenisplekke in die land, waaronder Fort San Pedro en die basiliek van Santo Niño. Die stad se Sinulog-fees lok duisende toeriste en pelgrims; dit is een van die land se gewildste feeste.
• Baguio is op 'n aansienlike hoogte en is gebruik as 'n somerhoofstad om die hitte van Manila te ontsnap.

Verskeie dorpe het besonder fyn versamelings van erfenisgeboue, waaronder baie erfenishuise wat vir belangrike Spanjaarde of vir welgestelde Filippynse families gebou is. Baie hiervan is nog steeds private huise en geensins is almal oop vir die publiek nie, maar sommige het museums geword en ander laat toere toe.

• Vigan, in die Ilocos-streek in die noorde van Luzon, is 'n UNESCO Wêrelderfenisgebied, 'n Spaanse koloniale stad, maar ook met 'n aansienlike Chinese invloed. Dit kan u laat voel dat u êrens in Latyns-Amerika of die Mediterreense Europa is.

• Taal, in die Batangas-streek suidwes van Manila, is die stad wat die naaste aan die hoofstad is. Dit kan 'n gerieflike stop wees vir diegene wat op pad is na die strande van Puerto Galera, maar dit neem jou van die direkte roete af.
• Silay is aan Negro's, naby Bacolod.
• Baclayon is aan Bohol, naby Tagbilaran.

Aangesien die land 300 jaar lank 'n Spaanse kolonie was, kan barokke in die Filippyne maklik gevind word. Hierdie kerke lyk amper soos dié wat u in Spanje en elders in Europa kan sien. Sommige van die mees ikoniese in die land is:

• San Agustin Kerk in Manila
• Miag-ao Kerk in Iloilo
• Paoay Kerk in Ilocos Norte
• Santa Maria Kerk in Ilocos Sur

Hierdie kerke is onder die kollektiewe titel as 'n UNESCO-werelderfenisgebied aangewys Barokkerke van die Filippyne.

Strande en eilande

Strande en duik is een van die bekendste toeriste-aantreklikhede in die land; met 7 107 eilande is daar beslis genoeg keuse. Baie strande het helder wit sand, maar beige, grys, swart of selfs pienk sand kom ook voor. Die meeste van die duike is rondom koraalriwwe; baie is bereikbaar deur net in die water te stap, of op 'n daguitstappie per boot vanaf een van die oorde. Enkele soos Coron wrakduik en sommige soos Tubbataha Reefs Natuurpark behels langer reise op lewendige bote.

Boracay is die land se bekendste strandoordgebied, word deur verskeie tydskrifte as een van die beste eilande ter wêreld beskou en lok jaarliks ​​duisende internasionale en plaaslike reisigers. Dit het poeieragtige wit sandstrande en blou waters, en dit is 'n baie ontwikkelde gebied wat 'n verskeidenheid aktiwiteite insluit, waaronder duik, snorkel, seilplankry, vlieërsurf, kransduik en parasail. Na al hierdie aktiwiteite kan u 'n ontspannende massering op die wit sandstrand of by een van die spa's geniet

As u oorvol strande wil vermy, gaan na Palawan. Die strande in die provinsie is minder ontwikkeld, onbevolk en goed bewaar. Die kusdorpie van El Nido is een van die beste bestemmings wat Palawan en die Filippyne kan bied. Sy ongerepte strande, kristalhelder water, steil kalksteenkranse, pragtige eilandjies en duikplekke kan meeding met een van die bestes ter wêreld.

Coron-eiland spog met honderde kalksteenformasies met digte reënwoude. Dit is ook gewild vir sy uitstekende strande en skeepswrakke van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog. Huur 'n kajak om op die eilande te roei om die pragtige en goed bewaarde seelandskap van Coron te sien.

Afgesien van Palawan, kan u ook probeer Bohol, 'n eilandprovinsie waar ook majestueuse sandstrande geleë is. Een van Bohol se beste strandbestemmings is Panglao-eiland, wat bevorder word as 'n alternatiewe bestemming vir Boracay. Die eiland bied 'n wye verskeidenheid luukse en bekostigbare oorde.

Mactan Island in Cebu; Eiland Santa Cruz in Zamboanga; Pagudpud in Ilocos; Laiya-strand in Batangas en Wit Eiland in Camiguin is ander gewilde strandbestemmings in die Filippyne wat die moeite werd is om te besoek.

Landskappe

Sien ook: Nasionale parke en beskermde gebiede van die Filippyne

Siek van strande? Die Filippyne het ander wonderlike landskappe; Afgesien van pragtige strande, is daar bergreekse, digte oerwoude, majestueuse risterrasse, skilderagtige mere, skilderagtige watervalle en verborge grotte.

As ons aan die Filippyne dink, is die gewone dinge wat ons in gedagte hou net 'n groep eilande met warm sonnige dae. Die Cordillera-streek is nie die gewone Filippynse bestemming wat ons op poskaarte en reistydskrifte sien nie. As u hierdie bergagtige streek besoek, neem baadjies en truie eerder as net t-hemde, want hierdie streek is geleë in die koel hooglande van die noordelike deel van die land. Rijstterrasse is een van die wêreldbekende toeriste-aantreklikhede in die streek Banaue-rijstterrasse en Rijstterrasse van die Filippynse Cordilleras kan hier gevind word. Hierdie rysterrasse is byna 2000 jaar gelede deur antieke Filippyne gebou en behou steeds hul skoonheid. Naby is die stad Sagada in die Bergprovinsie. Hierdie stad is bekend vir sy hangkiste en kalksteengrotte en is 'n ideale bestemming vir rugsakreisigers.

Die Filippyne is 'n bergagtige land en bied talle berge keuses vir stappers en avontuurlustiges. Die beste bergklimbestemming in die land is die skilderagtige berg Apo in die suide van die Filippyne. Berg Apo is die hoogste berg in die Filippyne, en een van die mees uiteenlopende gebiede; dit is die tuiste van meer as 272 voëlspesies, waarvan 111 endemies aan die gebied is. Die berg het ook vier groot mere; hierdie mere is 'n bekende kampeerterrein vir bergklimmers en 'n tussenstop na die piek. 'N Ander gewilde bergklimbestemming is Mount Pinatubo in Tarlac. Hierdie berg het wêreldwyd opslae gemaak as die tweede grootste vulkaniese uitbarsting van die 20ste eeu. Vandag is dit een van die land se beste klimbestemmings vanweë sy klowe, 4x4-terrein en sy skilderagtige kalderameer.

Gaan na die eiland Bohol die beroemde te sien Chocolate Hills, en nee, hulle is nie van sjokolade gemaak nie; dit is grasbedekte kalksteenkoepels wat gedurende die droë seisoen bruin word, vandaar hul naam. Daar is meer as 1 268 heuwels in die omgewing versprei. Die Chocolate Hills is een van die mees ikoniese en gewilde toeriste-oorde in die land. 'N Ander bestemming wat in Bohol gewild is, is die Filippynse Tarsier Sanctuary in Corella, dit is 'n bosreservaat van 7,4 hektaar waar meer as 100 tarsiers vry rondloop, hier kan u die kans kry om naby die Filippynse Tarsier, een van die kleinste primate ter wêreld.

Doen

• Lugsport - 'n Jaarlikse warmlugballonfees word in Januarie en Februarie in Clark gehou, Angeles in Pampanga. Lugballonne word vertoon, en daar is valskermspring en ander aktiwiteite.
• Basketbal is die gewildste sport in die Filippyne, moet dit nie misloop nie PBA en UAAP basketbal toernooie. 'N Meer Filippynse ervaring kyk na enige van die paliga speletjies wat gedurende die warm maande in barangays gehou word, as u die hitte kan dra; streetball is ook baie gewild by Filippyne.
• Bentosa en Hilot is Filippynse alternatiewe maniere om te genees, Bentosa is 'n metode waar 'n beker 'n teekers aansteek, dan vlam dit uit en tap dit al die pyn op die sekere deel van die liggaam uit, Hilot is net die Filippynse manier van masseer.
• Bordseil - Golwe en winde werk saam om die land 'n toevlugsoord vir boordmatrose te maak. Boracay, Subic Bay en Anilao in Batangas is die belangrikste bestemmings.
• Casino's: Metro Manila het 'n wye versameling casino's en vermaaklikheidsbestemmings. Verken die Vakansieoorde Wêreld Manila, die land se eerste luukse casino-geïntegreerde oord, en die pas geopen Solaire oorde en casino. Die Vermaakstad sal die tuiste wees van vier geïntegreerde casino-oorde.
• Speleologie - Die eilandgroep het 'n paar unieke grotstelsels. Sagada in Luzon en Mabinay op Negros is 'n gewilde bestemming vir grotte.
• Feeste - Elke munisipaliteit, dorp, stad en provinsie het sy eie fees, godsdienstig of ter ere van die stad of 'n historiese rede.

Sien ook: Feeste in die Filippyne vir meer inligting.

• Gholf - Byna elke provinsie het 'n gholfbaan.
• Mediese toerisme - Die meeste mediese toeriste kom van Amerika en Europa, aangesien gesondheidsorg hier soveel as 80% minder kos as in die buiteland. Die meeste hospitale wat voorgestel word vir mediese toerisme is in Metro Manila. Alternatiewe medisyne is ook gewild onder spa's, geloofsgenesing en ander byvoordele wat oral in die eilandgroep versprei word.
• Nasionale parke - Nasionale parke tel ongeveer 60-70, dit bevat berge en koraalriwwe.
• bergfietsry - Die eilandgroep het tientalle berge en is ideaal vir bergfietsryers. Bestemmings sluit in Baguio, Davao, Iloilo, Banaue, Berg Apo en Guimaras.
• Rotsklim - Apo Island, Atimonan, El Nido, Putting Bato, Wawa Gorge het die beste plekke in die argipel vir rotsklim.
• Seekajak - Caramoan Eilande in Camarines Sur, Palawan, Samar en Siargao gewild is.
• Spa's word gevind naby strande, finansiële hoofstede, ens.
• Trek - Bergreekse en pieke bied 'n koel weer vir trekking, en dit bied u moontlik die pragtige eksotiese flora en fauna van die land. Mt. Kanlaon en Mount Pulag are good trekking spots.
• Visita iglesia - Church-visiting Catholic churches, holy sites, shrines, and basilicas. If you are religious try this, if you love art and architecture, churches are the best way to define what Filipino architecture.
• Whitewater rafting - There is good whitewater rafting in Mindanao, both in the north around Cagayan de Oro and in the south near Davao.

Skubaduik

Sien Diving in the Philippines, Skubaduik en Snorkel for more information

Scuba diving is spectacular in the Philippines. While there are many fine dive sites, including some in nearly every region of the country, two stand out as among the world's best:

• Tubbataha Reefs Natuurpark is a Philippines National Park and a UNESCO Wêrelderfenisgebied. It is a large area of coral reef, mostly shallow water with a few small islets and a sensational range of marine life. It is generally reached on live-aboard boats operating from Puerto Princesa aan Palawan.
• Coron has excellent wreck diving because the US Navy sank about ten Japanese ships in shallow water there in 1944.

Koop

Geld

Exchange rates for Philippine pesos As of January 2, 2020: US$1 ≈ ₱51 €1 ≈ ₱57 UK£1 ≈ ₱67 Australian $1 ≈ ₱35 Canadian $1 ≈ ₱39 Japanese ¥100 ≈ ₱47 Chinese ¥1 ≈ ₱7.3 Hong Kong $1 ≈ ₱6.5 Wisselkoerse wissel. Huidige tariewe vir hierdie en ander geldeenhede is beskikbaar vanaf XE.com

The Philippine peso (of piso), ISO code: PHP, is the official currency and is the only currency used for most transactions. It is usually denoted by the symbol "₱" (or P, without the double strike). One peso is subdivided into 100 centavos (or sentimo), denoted with the symbol ¢ (of c). Wikivoyage uses ₱ for pesos.

• Muntstukke: 1¢, 5¢, 10¢, 25¢, ₱1, ₱5, ₱10, and ₱20. There are two sets of coins in circulation: the 2018 "New Generation" series and the older 1995 "New Design" series. The 2018 coins are all nickel-plated steel; there is no 10¢ coin, and ₱20 coins were introduced in late 2019. Coins from 1995 are of various materials and colors.
• Bills: ₱20 (orange), ₱50 (red), ₱100 (purplish blue), ₱200 (green), ₱500 (yellow), and ₱1000 (light blue). Older versions of each bill have been demonetized since December 2016. The old bills have similar colors to their new counterparts, have the same people at the front (except for the ₱500 bill which also features former President Aquino) but rather than historical sites at the back, the newer bills feature Filipino natural wonders and species unique to the country.

U.S. dollars and euros may be accepted in some circumstances, but don't count on it.

Travelers usually see ₱20 and ₱50 bills, and ₱1, ₱5 and ₱10 coins as the most useful for common purchases. Centavo coins are nearly worthless: convenience stores, supermarkets and bus conductors are the few to hand them out as change, but they are commonly thrown away. Always have some coins in hand during morning hours; jeepney, taxi, tricycle drivers, and some merchants follow the barya lang [po] sa umaga rule, insisting they need coins to give back as change later in the day. Beware of counterfeits: bills from ₱100 and above are common targets for counterfeiters, but fake ₱20 and ₱50s also show up, especially in small shops.

The Philippines is fundamentally a cash-only society; it's just fine to carry wads of ₱1000 bills for medium to large purchases, though it's also risky. Some machines like coin-operated vending machines or coin laundries only accept ₱5 coins while pisonet computers accept ₱1, but many are not yet adjusted to accept coins from 2018. Machines selling drinks generally accept bills up to ₱50 in value.

Currency conversion

Money changers are common in malls and tourist areas, but less so elsewhere. A rule of thumb is that the more currency you wish to exchange, the more favorable the rates can be. Banks are widely available to exchange currency but usually impose a minimum amount (usually around US$100), generally have worse rates than money changers, and are usually open only from 9AM to 3PM (sometimes 4:30PM) on weekdays. However, you can enjoy their air conditioning during a long wait. Bank of the Philippine Islands (BPI) and Banco de Oro (BDO) have longer operating hours (sometimes as late as 7PM) in some locations.

Don't exchange money in stalls along the streets as some of them might be exchanging your money for counterfeit money. Contact Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Philippines or BSP) if you suspect the money you've been given is counterfeit. Money changers do exist at department stores, supermarkets and hotels but the rates are highly unfavorable to customers and some will only exchange into pesos.

Bankdienste

Having a Philippine bank account is useful for long-term travelers or permanent residents, but not for an ordinary tourist or business traveler. International banks like Citibank of HSBC have only a few branches in large cities and opening a new account requires a huge deposit. The major local banks, like PNB, BDO, BPI of Metrobank, are better. Foreigners must have a valid passport, an Alien Certificate of Registration card and proof of a Philippines address – most often the residency certificate you got from the barangay. Most bank staff can speak English well, and you can also apply for a US dollar account with any of the major local banks.

Most of the 20,000 ATMs are connected to the local BancNet ATM network. Most banks will have at least one ATM on bank premises, and there are lots of off-site ATMs in shopping malls and other commercial buildings, mostly in the cities. In rural areas, often the only available ATMs are from Land Bank of the Philippines or the Philippine National Bank (PNB).

International networks like Plus and Cirrus are accessible with many ATMs, with Cirrus being more predominant, although many ATMs support both. Some banks also support other cards, including American Express, Diners Club, JCB and China UnionPay. Withdrawals are often limited to ₱10,000 depending on the bank. Most local banks charge a usage fee of ₱250 for using foreign cards. The best ATMs to withdraw money from are at one of the HSBC branches (eight in Metro Manila, and one each in Cebu City and Davao), where you can take out ₱40000 per transaction with no usage fee.

Credit card holders can use Visa, MasterCard, American Express, UnionPay, Diners Club and JCB cards, especially in the cities and in tourist areas, but merchants usually require a minimum purchase amount before they start accepting credit cards. Smaller merchants are usually cash-only. Credit cards are generally not accepted for government-related transactions, and in rural areas, credit card acceptance can range from limited to virtually non-existent.

Pay close attention when using ATMs, even when using ATMs on bank premises. While credit card fraud is uncommon in the Philippines, ATM tampering happens regularly. Obvious signs that an ATM has been tampered include loosely-installed keypads, larger-than-usual card slots, and wires or features that seem out of place.

Mobile payments

Mobile payments are slowly becoming available in shops and restaurants in large cities and major tourist destinations. Two popular mobile payment services are the QR-code based PayMaya en GCash, which are tied to Smart and Globe Telecom companies. PayMaya, which comes with a MasterCard EMV card, can allow you to pay tolls on the expressways operated by Metro Pacific (and even be the only way to pay in a public market in Valenzuela), while GCash is generally useful for mobile funds transfer, but both are useful for that purpose. You will only need a Philippine mobile number and the specific app, but you must top them up (load) at a convenience store, pawnshop or a bills payment centers. For the most part, they are more useful for long-term visitors than to most travelers.

NFC-based mobile payments such as Apple Pay en Android Pay are not generally accepted. Some shops and restaurants which see many mainland Chinese customers also take WeChat Pay and Alipay.

Tipping

Tipping is not required in the Philippines, except when the customer wants to show appreciation for services rendered. However, tipping is becoming more common especially in service-oriented places (spa, salon). In some restaurants and hotels, "Service Charge" (8%-12%) is included in the bill when issued; thus, a customer has the option to give an additional tip or not. In taxis, it is common to add ₱20-50 on top of the fare.

Koste

Travelling in Philippines is goedkoop (one of the least expensive places to visit in Asia and in the world.) For example a stay in a pension house, tourist inn or lodge can cost as little as ₱300 a night for a fan room or ₱500 a night for an air-conditioned room. A flight to Cebu from Manila and vice-versa will cost as little as ₱999, while one from Manila to Davao can cost as little as ₱1595. Transportation can cost as little as ₱10 for the first 4 km (2.5 mi) in a jeepney. Provincial bus fares are also cheap, even for a luxury bus.

Using the internet in an internet café ranges from ₱1 per 5 minutes (₱12 for a hour) on a pisonet aan ₱20 per hour on larger establishments, depending on the Internet café's location. A can of Coke costs as little as ₱20 while a copy of the International Herald Tribune costs ₱70 en The Economist as little as ₱160. In most restaurants, there is 12% Value Added Tax (VAT) usually included in the unit price but the service charge is often excluded and computed separately (although the restaurant may opt to waive the service charge if they only offer takeout service).

Inkopies

Sien ook: Shopping in the Philippines

What's a pasalubong? A pasalubong is a tradition practiced by Filipinos for a long time. It is something you bring to your friends and family as a souvenir, keepsake or gift from a place you have visited. A Pasalubong consists of food (usually delicacies and sweets), T-shirts, souvenirs such as key chains, bags, etc.

Living in the Philippines is cheap and shopping in the country is also cheap compared to elsewhere in southeast Asia.

The country has a lot of shopping malls, from large to small and from modern to traditional; consumerism is part of Filipino culture. The four largest mall operators in the country are SM, Robinson's, CityMall and Ayala with locations across the archipelago. Most malls are open from 10AM to 9PM; they open as early as 8AM and close as late as 11PM during Christmas shopping season (mid-September to early January). Many close every Christmas, New Year, and Good Friday, with a few exceptions. Due to terrorism risk, security is tight at malls, with lines for bag searches and metal detectors.

In major malls, department stores, supermarkets, and brand-name stores, the tag price normally includes value-added tax (VAT) and any applicable sales taxes. In bazaars and tiangges (markets), prices may be marked, but you can often winskoop for a better price. It is common, especially for clothing, to get a better price if you buy two or more.

Supermarkets and convenience stores

Supermarkte in the Philippines are dominated by four large chains, generally owned by Filipino-Chinese companies:

• SM Savemore & Walter Mart.
• Pure Gold & S & R & Lawson.
• Robinsons & Rustans & Shopwise & Wellcome.
• Gaisano & Metro.

Regional chains and mom-and-pop supermarkets, which may have lower prices than the four major chains, can be found as well, especially in less-developed areas of cities or in the countryside; see specific region or city pages for details.

Chain convenience stores, often tied with a major retailer, are common in urban areas. They generally have a wide variety of products, usually a subset of products sold in a grocery store, and fast food, and services like cell phone load, money transfer, courier service and bill payment. They mostly operate round the clock; the few exceptions are locations inside malls.

Traditional, sari-sari stores (small corner stores) are common, especially in the rural areas and the barangays. These are mostly family-owned stores usually found beside a road, and sell items that can be bought in grocery stores or general merchandise stores. Sari-sari stores also provide cell phone loading in addition to selling products.

Eet

Sien ook: Filipino cuisine

There is no single "Filipino cuisine", but rather a mosaic of various regional and ethnic cuisines. Local food varies as you travel between regions, provinces and islands, and ingredients vary by the local culture and economy, but there are broad characteristics that define Filipino food.

Filipino cuisine has developed from the different cultures that shaped its history; it is Southeast Asian cuisine but with influences from both Asia and the West. Though its cuisine is not as renowned as many of its neighbours, such as that of Thailand and Vietnam, Filipino cooking is nonetheless distinct in that it is possibly the least spicy of all Southeast Asian cuisines. Don't make the mistake of thinking that Filipino food is bland, though. It is just that instead of spices, Filipino food depends more on garlic, onions, ginger and vinegar to add flavor to dishes, and is mostly sweet, sour, and salty. Painstaking preparation and prolonged cooking time is also a characteristic of most Filipino dishes, and when done properly is often what brings out the flavor of the food, as opposed to a healthy dose of spices. As with the rest of Southeast Asia, rice is the staple food of the Philippines, but parts of the country rather have corn instead.

To experience how the Filipinos eat in a budget way, carinderias (eateries) and turo-turo (literally "point-point", buffet-style restaurants where you choose the food to be served to you) are some of the options. Mains cost less than ₱50. Carinderias serve food cooked earlier and it may not always be the safest of options.

You'll be hard pressed to find a mall without the requisite American kitskos chains, which have their menus adapted to local tastes, but national chains such as Jollibee (hamburgers), Greenwich (pizza), and Mang Inasal (chicken barbecue) also capture the Filipino taste buds and are competitive. If you want even cheaper fast food, go to roadside burger shacks or the numerous food kiosks or stands in malls and public transportation terminals.

Filippynse street food is one of the best however it may not be as clean as the ones you find in Singapore. Street food vendors have been criticized because of their unhygienic practices and unhealthy options but also praised for affordability and taste. Street food sold in malls, while often viewed as a show-off to appeal the refined tongue, is much safer and better.

Tropical fruits abound in the Philippines. Most of the countryside produce finds its way to the metro areas and can be easily bought in supermarkets.

Meal patterns are basically similar to those in the Spanish-speaking world due to the country's history. Lunch is the most important meal, eaten between 11AM to 3PM, and a mid-morning or afternoon snack (merienda) is common.

Some Filipinos strictly use the serving spoon rule, believing that offering utensils or food that had come contact with someone's saliva is rude, disgusting, and will cause food to get spoiled quickly. Singing or having an argument while eating is considered rude, as they believe food is grace; food won't come to you if you keep disrespecting it. Filipinos usually say a prayer before food is served, furthermore wait till the host invites you to start eating. Also, it is rude to refuse food that the host offers or leave the dining table while someone is still eating.

Dietary restrictions

Vegetarians en vegans will find it difficult to find a Filipino dish which is wholly vegetarian as most Filipinos add meat in every single dish they eat. You can find some vegetarian restaurants in the Philippines, mostly lurking in the commercial, financial and provincial capitals, and most of them use tofu instead of meat. Nearly all towns have large markets with a fine selection of fruits and vegetables, mostly at good prices.

Muslims will find it hard to find Halal food outside predominantly Muslim areas in the Philippines. Hindus will find Indian restaurants which serve some vegetarian options in the most of the larger cities. Jews will also find it hard to find Kosher meals. However rabbis in the Philippines suggest some stores which sell Kosher food.

Awareness of food allergies or celiac disease is limited to non-existent.

Drink

Sien ook: Filipino cuisine

Due to the tropical climate of the Philippines, chilled drinks are popular. Stands selling chilled drinks and shakes are common especially in shopping malls.

Filipinos (except for observant Muslims) love to drink (and get drunk). Filipinos rarely consume alcohol by itself. They would normally have what is called as pulutan or bar chow alongside their drinks which is like the equivalent of tapas. Beer is perhaps the most common form of alcohol consumed in bars.

Alcohol is cheap in the Philippines, some of the cheapest in the whole of Asia. In a supermarket the excellent local beers are around ₱35 and 750 ml (26 imp fl oz; 25 US fl oz) bottles of tolerable local rum or brandy start under ₱100. In many bars beer is around ₱60 and mixed drinks ₱90-150.

Slaap

Accommodation options range from luxury five-star hotels/resorts to backpacker inns, but off the beaten track, options are sparse. Rates begin at ₱200, or higher depending on location, season and demand. Large cities such as Manila or Cebu have a higher price bracket, so do major tourist destinations.

Huisvestings (or "transient homes", or "transient") or bed and breakfasts are common in the provinces, especially in tourist towns that do not have much commercial accommodation. Many are just basic homes that provide meals, but some may have a swimming pool.

Motelle (or "short-time [hotels]") are another cheap option, but they have a reputation for being havens for illicit sex. They tend to be scattered in red-light districts, but many are clustered along major highways. Rates are per hour as per day, and it generally costs ₱600-1000 for overnight stays (at least 6 to 10 hours), or ₱200-400 for short stays (2 to 5 hours).

Hotelle en resorts are usually for the higher-end traveler, although rates — even for four-star establishments — are not very high compared to other international destinations. Condotels are furnished condominium units rented out for long or short term stays, while apartelles are set up for both short and long term stays. Pension houses, tourist inns and lodging houses are usually more basic and economical from ₱200 per night.

Cheaper places often have only fans instead of air conditioning, and no private toilet or shower. Even if you get a private shower, it may not have hot water, but this is not a big problem in a hot country. Bathtubs are rare in any accommodation, and the shower is often not separated from the toilet except in top-end hotels.

There are backpacker hostels all over the Philippines with dorm beds from ₱200.

Leer

You must apply for a student (9F) visa if you study in a college or university in the Philippines, and those studying on an elementary, secondary, technical/vocational, or special school registered to allow foreign enrollment must apply for a student permit (along with other required documents if below 18 or required by the institution).

Tertiary education

Education is taken seriously in the Philippines, and studying is a good way to experience life in the country. Many foreigners such as Europeans, Chinese, Americans and Koreans go to university in the Philippines, partly because compared to other countries universities here are cheaper. The system is similar to the Americans system. The most prestigious institutions include University of the Philippines (UP), De La Salle Universiteit (DLSU), Ateneo de Manila University, Far Eastern University (FEU) and Adamson University. For American veterans, the VA will pay for courses at approved universities here.

Learning English

The Philippines is one of the largest centers for learning ESL (English as a Second Language) in Asia. Transport from Asian countries, living costs and tuition are all much lower than for the major English-speaking countries and the climate is pleasant.

There are many English learning centers around the country; many are in Metro Manila (especially Taguig City), Bacolod, en Cebu, but there are some in all the major cities and in some of the resort areas. There are some jobs for foreign teachers in these places, though they mostly use Filipino teachers and generally will not offer high salaries to foreigners. Sien Teaching English.

Ander

• Skubaduik: There is a great variety of dive sites and many have PADI-accredited diving schools where you can obtain your certifications. Costs (of both lessons and equipment) are likely to be cheaper than even in Thailand en Maleisië.
• Martial arts: Eskrima of Kali is a Filipino martial art that emphasizes using swords and sticks; it has been showcased in films such as Equilibrium. There are many training centers around Metro Manila and some almost anywhere in the country. Many other martial arts are also taught, but in any but a really large city only one or two will be available.
• Filipino/Tagalog or regional languages: Limited opportunities are available to seriously study Filipino or a regional language, as most Filipinos can readily read, speak and understand English (and jobs available to foreigners do not require Filipino language skills), but you can readily pick up any local language through lessons with locals, books, and online resources. Filipino is a mandatory subject in the Philippine education system, so you can be immersed in it while studying in the country.

Werk

Under Philippine law, any foreigner working must have an Alien Employment Permit issued by the Department of Labor. The paperwork is in general handled by the prospective employer and the employee picks up the relevant visa at a Philippine Embassy or Consulate. Working without a permit is not allowed, and doing so means you have no protection under labor laws. Furthermore, visas are checked upon departing the Philippines. Those who have overstayed without permission are subject to fines and, in certain cases, even jail.

It is possible for foreigners to earn casual money while staying in the Philippines, especially in Manila and other bigger cities in provinces. These may include temporary teaching in schools, colleges and other institutions, and working in bars and clubs. Temporary work may also be available as an extra on the set of a film or television series. Fluency in English is very important in jobs while knowledge of Filipino or Tagalog is not needed. The Philippines has overtaken India in the call center industry, and many international companies hire English fluent workers.

Most establishments pay monthly but informal jobs pay out variably either cash on hand or weekly.

Bly veilig

The Philippine penal system The legal system tends to be slow, and prison conditions are poor and dangerous. A falsely accused person could spend a long time in jail before being acquitted. Bail is often denied, especially for foreigners. Foreigners are sometimes given shorter sentences than those provided. For minor offenses, foreigners often serve only a few weeks before being deported. For serious crimes, however, a foreign citizen will be sentenced to a long term in jail, followed by deportation.

Transitioning from years of dictatorship, neglect and economic stagnation toward democracy and development, the Philippines suffers from crime, corruption, and ongoing insurgencies. While foreign governments and the media exaggerates the threats, the country is, by and large, peaceful except for some regions experiencing low-level insurgencies. Crime levels in major cities are relatively comparable to those in American cities.

The country has one of those having the most deaths from natural disasters known to humankind: earthquakes, tropical cyclones (typhoons), floods, and tropical diseases.

The Philippines is quite low-income: unskilled jobs generally pay US$100-200 a month and even many good jobs are under $500. More or less all travelers will be perceived as rich by local standards. This makes you a prime target for thieves, scammers, prostitutes and corrupt officials. Do not make it worse by displaying a Rolex, an iPhone and a Nikon or by pulling out a stack of ₱1000 notes when you pay a restaurant bill.

Law enforcement

Polisie

Hostage taking There have been cases where tourists are specifically targeted and taken as hostage by insurgent groups or former police officers, with the most notorious incident being the Manila hostage crisis of 2010, where a group of Hong Kong tourists was taken hostage on a bus, and the police's botched rescue resulted in 8 hostage deaths. Always be vigilant of your surroundings and don't venture out alone after dark.

Die Philippine National Police (PNP) is responsible for law enforcement for the country, and their officers are easily identifiable through their dark blue uniforms. Some officers would be wearing a light blue collared shirt (with PNP insignia on the chest) or T-shirt (with PULIS printed behind), this includes those stationed at tourist locations and smaller Police Community Precincts (PCPs). PNP's traffic law enforcement arm, the Highway Patrol Group (HPG), who patrols national highways and rural checkpoints, wear the same uniform as most police, but may be wearing a reflectorized vest. Police vehicles are generally white, with many variations by local division, but most should have the word PULIS or PULISYA at the front, and a white license plate with red text.

All police officers have nationwide authority. Many can speak English, but this depends on where you are in. Many are easily approachable, but some are not well-paid and therefore corrupt.

Traffic police

Aside from the PNP HPG, many cities and municipalities have their own traffic police force that enforce traffic law at the local level. Traffic police are generally called traffic enforcers of traffic aides. Uniforms vary by municipality, but many wear a cap and pants with reflectorized strips, and some don a vest for additional visibility. Many local traffic police forces have a bad reputation for corruption and poor training.

While its constituent cities have their own traffic police, Metro Manila has a region-wide traffic law enforcement authority, the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA), which has constables who patrols the major thoroughfares. MMDA constables wear a bright blue uniform, and are mostly courteous and trained. Most now serve roles in controlling traffic at major intersections and traffic bottlenecks, and only a few write tickets for traffic law violations. In addition, they also enforce regional ordinances against smoking, spitting, urinating in public, littering and jaywalking.

Barangay tanod

In addition to police, barangays also have tanod, or village watchers, who are responsible for neighborhood policing. Most of them are unarmed, but some are armed with a bolo, a kind of machete. There is no standard uniform, but many wear a shirt with a vest, usually one bearing the barangay name, over it. Tanods, especially those in roadside outposts, will be happy to give directions should you get lost.

Private security

Private security guards are common on most establishments, especially malls, banks, transportation terminals, and government offices, and they will be mostly dressed in a white or navy blue shirt and black pants, and may also be armed with shotguns. Female guards may have the same uniform as males, but some would wear a black pencil skirt and hose. Some guards may have a black cap with badge. Most of them are friendly and approachable, but some are poorly trained, aggressive and corrupt.

Misdaad

Crime, along with impunity and corruption within the police force, has increased since the return to democracy, and while the rate is relatively high by Western standards, they mostly happen within crowded or rough areas of large cities. Most common are pickpocketing, bag snatching, and hold-up robbery; flaunting high-denomination bills, designer bags, or personal gadgets puts you at risk for those. Beware of the budol-budol scam, where victims are hypnotized to follow the robbers' demands; it is common around Manila, but foreigners are rarely targeted. Getting involved in a crime might introduce you into the slow Filipino justice system.

Smash-and-grab theft on parked cars (the basag-kotse modus operandi) is common, even in guarded parking areas, so do not leave anything valuable inside the car, especially on the dashboard.

Distraction theft is uncommon, but they happen; such cases often involve dropping a coin (the laglag-barya scam), or intentionally sticking a piece of used chewing gum to a bus seat. In restaurants, one common scam involves staged beverage spills.

Bag-snatching by motorcycle riders, especially those riding in tandem, is common. Sometimes, they will pull the bag along with the person for a few meters. Be careful when carrying expensive bags, as it may catch the attention of snatchers. Avoid wearing jewelry, especially earrings or rings, when going into crowded areas.

Avoid getting into fights or confrontations with locals. Filipinos are generally smaller than Westerners, but being outnumbered by a group of three or even a mob is absolute trouble. Police, despite being able to communicate in English by and large, will not intervene on behalf of a foreigner in an altercation with locals. Getting into a fight with locals is a common cause for foreigners to be deported from the Philippines. Ook avoid raising your voice, which can be taken for anger and even make the other person violent; some simple arguments ended up with murder for causing the person to lose face and run amok (magdilim ng paningin). Drunken locals can get violent and run amok, and bar fights are not uncommon, especially with East Asians. Filipinos are generally peace-loving people; showing hiya (saving face, literally "shame") and settling the issue diplomatically is better than getting into trouble.

Die sindikato (Filipino organized crime syndicates) are almost never a threat to the ordinary traveler, and mostly focus on drugs, human trafficking and contract killing. Entering a run-down neighborhood of a large city, you could possibly be assaulted by thugs in unprovoked kursonada attacks, but this is generally unlikely unless you look like a Filipino.

Road travel

Sien ook: Driving in the Philippines

Over 11,000 people die from traffic accidents in the Philippines every year, and many crashes involve motorcycles and tricycles, especially on rural highways. Reckless driving, poor road maintenance, lax traffic enforcement, a mix of brand-new and dilapidated vehicles on the streets, red tape and corruption in the licensing and registration process, and lack of driver education all contribute to the dangerous driving environment. Crossing the street is risky as pedestrian crossings are seldom followed. Driving at night is more dangerous as signs, markings, delineators, or lights are lacking, and some drivers do not lower their headlights. While the government has been attempting to improve the situation by streamlining the licensing process, installing signs and CCTVs in accident hotspots, placing random checkpoints along rural highways, and introducing speed guns to police to catch manic speeders (kaskasero), it remains to be seen. Driving is a dangerous experience for foreigners, but many get around without incident. Renting a car with driver is recommended but not necessary.

Safety on provincial buses may not be up to international standards. Try to travel on reputable bus companies and avoid ordinary buses where possible. Ordinary buses are not only crowded and uncomfortable; the vehicle may be dilapidated and therefore unsafe for travel.

Beware of unlicensed (colorum) jeepneys, vans, taxis and tricycles. Licensed vehicles have yellow and black license plates, and standard operator info, and route/service area markings; colorum vehicles have private vehicle license plates (either black or green text on white background, or green text on blue sky background) and no additional marking. Legitimate vehicles running outside of their marked route or service area without permission are also considered colorum. Avoid riding one of them unless they're the only form of transport available, as they tend to be overloaded, drivers might charge higher fares, and passengers are not insured should they get involved in a crash.

Corruption

Corruption is a serious issue in the country, and the kotong ("bribe") culture, also helped by the meager wages of officials, widespread red tape, and patronage, is prevalent within the police or the Philippine bureaucracy. The situation is not as bad as back in the 1980s and 1990s, but some forms of corruption continue to persist

Beware of immigration scams at Ninoy Aquino Internasionale Lughawe. Immigration officers might welcome you with a "Merry Christmas", even as early as August, and then ask you for "gifts" or a tip. More serious is the hold-departure order scam: a rogue immigration official will tell you you cannot leave the country because you were issued a hold-departure order (criminal travel injunction) and placed on an immigration blacklist for a crime you did not commit, and airport security will then come and hold you at their office until you bribe them. This rarely happens to foreigners, but might happen with returning Filipinos. Clarifying that a part of your name (especially the middle name) does not match those in the blacklist can help avoid this scam.

While not as bad as before, Philippine law enforcement is infamous for street-level corruption. Police officers or traffic police are known to extort bribes. Fines for minor infractions are very easy to get around, ranging from ₱300-500, but cops may even ask for outrageous amounts, or threaten you to go to their station and talk with their superior. Police may even ask you for a bribe before filing a formal complaint, but this is no longer common. Body cameras and more widespread video surveillance cameras are curbing street-level corruption, and thanks to the prevalence of smartphones and social media, you can grab one and video them, so you can have any evidence against them. If the vehicle you're riding in gets pulled over, it is the driver's responsibility to handle the situation and best for you not to get involved.

Philippine bureaucracy is also plagued with corruption. Acting polite, asking for a receipt, and smiling will avoid any problems when dealing with the bureaucracy. Consider calling the civil service complaint hotline 8888 or writing a polite complaint letter if you run into trouble with the bureaucracy.

Carry your passport, or a photocopy of both the identification page and your visa, at all times as random checks by police or immigration are not uncommon.

Bedelend

Bedelend for money (and handling money to beggars) is illegal since the Marcos era, but you may encounter lots of beggars in almost every medium to large city in the Philippines. Beggars range from street children, the homeless, and people handling solicitation envelopes on buses and jeepneys.

Nomadic Bajau (or Badjao, also known as the "Sea Gypsies") women and children also beg in port cities, but they can be found farther inland. In some regions, "Badjao" has become synonymous with beggars.

Female travelers

While women are respected in Filipino culture, crimes against women remain prevalent. Attitudes toward women remain conservative, and many Filipino men openly display machismo. While foreign women are rarely targeted for rape, there are chances you get groped by strangers, harassed by male bystanders and robbed when traveling alone in a taxi.

While wearing short shorts, miniskirts, and other revealing clothes is fine in most parts of the country (except in the Muslim-majority regions), it makes you an target for opportunistic crime, and some places have outlawed wearing of any immodest apparel to combat rape and street harassment. A good rule of thumb is to observe Filipinas; in some areas they will be showing a lot of skin, but in others they will be covered. Foreign women need not go as far in either direction as the local lasses, but should go in the same direction.

Homosexuality

Despite prevailing conservative mores, the Philippines is very tolerant to homosexuals and is the most LGBT-tolerant nation in Asia. Some cities, municipalities and provinces have passed ordinances protecting homosexual people, but a few places, like the Muslim-majority city of Marawi, have ordinances punishing homosexuality. LGBT people will be fine in the country, but you should not be too indiscreet – a pair kissing in public may get stares or even verbal profanity. Country folk, Moros (Filipino Muslims), and the elderly are more conservative and will condemn it. Violence against gays and lesbians is rare.

Sex and prostitution

Many Filipinas eagerly seek out well-off men, both Filipino and foreign, as boyfriends or husbands. Foreign men are nearly all rich by local standards and will usually find themselves much more in demand than they would be at home.

Prostitution is illegal in the Philippines, but it is a thriving business. The country has several hundred thousand prostitutes. By no means all of those are professionals; a woman in a typical low-paid job can roughly double her income by sleeping with one or two guys a week, and some do just that on most weekends.

There are periodic crackdowns on prostitution, and penalties are harsh for those who are arrested—large fines, possibly prison, and likely deportation with a ban on returning to the country. Corrupt cops may target foreigners in order to extract large bribes, and prostitutes have been known to set up their customers for such schemes or to scam their customers in other ways. Also, as anywhere, sexually transmitted diseases are a large risk.

The commonest form of prostitution establishment is usually called a girlie bar of bikini bar in the Philippines, but similar places in Thailand are called go-go bars and some travelers use that term here. It is also fairly common to visit these clubs just to enjoy the show, a lot of scantily-clad dancers who compete to catch customers' eyes.

Enforcement of laws against sexual abuse of children, including child pornography, and against human trafficking is more vigorous than enforcement of prostitution laws, and the penalties are harsher. For people arrested on those charges bail is rarely granted, and it is almost certain to be denied for foreigners, so even someone who eventually beats the charge will usually spend months in jail. As in any prison, child molesters can expect to get a hard time from other inmates and little help from guards.

The age of consent is 12 as of 2019. Anyone caught with someone younger than that (not necessarily having sex, just caught with them in a private place) will be charged with rape and should expect a stiff prison sentence, followed by deportation. Having sex with someone who is both under 18 and 10 years younger than you is also illegal and likely to bring jail and deportation. Daar is ook verskeie ander wette wat die situasie nogal ingewikkeld maak; vir 'n buitelandse besoeker is die veiligste kursus om ver van almal onder 18 te bly.

Afgesien van die Filippynse reg, is daar 'n ander ernstige regsrisiko. Die meeste Westerse lande het wette wat kinderseks buite die land verbied; 'n kindermolesteerder kan tuis vervolg word vir optrede in die Filippyne. In hierdie gevalle is dit die reëls van die vervolgingsland wat van toepassing is; byvoorbeeld, 'n toeris jonger as 23 wat seks met 'n 13-jarige het, kan volgens die Filippynse wet wettig wees, maar dit is uiters onwaarskynlik dat 'n hof in die huis dit as aanvaarbaar beskou.

Wees versigtig wanneer u met Filippynse kinders omgaan, veral as u hulle wil fotografeer of behandel. Sommige Filippyne sal aanneem dat u hulle vir handel dryf, en handel met kinders is 'n ernstige saak in die land.

Vir mensehandel kan boetes tot lewenslange gevangenisstraf wissel.

Dwelms

Die Filippyne het 'n negatiewe reputasie vir onwettige dwelms, en as gevolg van lakse handhawing en minder ernstige boetes (dws geen doodstraf nie) het dit 'n basis geword vir buitelandse onwettige dwelmoperasies, wat meestal betrokke is by etniese Chinese wat ontsnap aan dwelmwette in China of Taiwan. . Daar is ook 'n aansienlike minderheid van ander buitelandse nasionaliteite wat betrokke is by dwelms in die Filippyne, soos Wes-Afrikaners en Mexikane wat dwelms probeer smokkel, selfs in transito.

Dagga en sjaboe (kristalmetamfetamien) word wyd in die land gebruik. Dit is egter ook onwettig en strawwe is baie streng: u kan moontlik 'n lang tronkstraf kry, gevolg deur deportasie. Selfs die besit van dwelmtoebehore, soos die klein glas- of staalbuise ('toeters') wat gebruik word om sjaboe toe te dien, kan jou in hegtenis neem. Borgtog word selde toegestaan ​​vir dwelmoortredings, amper nooit vir handel of vir die besit van sjaboe nie, dus selfs mense wat uiteindelik die aanklag geklop het, sal waarskynlik maande in die tronk sit. Owerhede doen gereeld klopjagte op dwelmhuise en laboratoriums, veral diegene wat sjaboe vervaardig of verkoop.

Hoogwaardige partytjiedwelms, soos ecstasy (MDMA) of ontwerpermiddels soos 'vlieg hoog', kom algemeen voor in die naglewe-tonele in groot stede soos Manila en Cebu. Rave partye is ook 'n brandpunt vir partytjie-dwelms en drankies. Die polisie behandel sulke dwelms hard, en die gevolge van die gebruik daarvan kan dodelik wees.

Metamfetamien (sjaboe) is 'n kragtige stimulant en 'n merkwaardige nare stof wat om baie redes die beste vermy kan word. 'N Oordosis maak onmiddellik dood en oormatige stimulasie is geneig om die liggaam, veral die hart, uit te brand, dus kan langdurige gebruik selfs sonder oordosis doodmaak. Soos die liedjie sê: "Speed ​​kill!" Verder is die dinge baie verslawend. Die dwelm verander ook die persoonlikheid van swaar gebruikers en gee hulle 'n duidelike neiging tot paranoia en aggressiwiteit.

Natuurrampe

Die Filippyne het baie sterftes wat verband hou met natuurrampe, die tweede meeste ter wêreld ná China. Risiko's sluit in tifone, moesonreën, oorstromings, aardbewings, en vulkaniese uitbarstings.

Monsoon reën en oorstromings

Swaar reënval - veroorsaak deur plaaslike donderstorms, tifone of die moesonwinde - is deel van die Filippynse klimaat. Die digbevolkte stede is nie veilig vir die gevolge van reënval en sterk wind nie. In sommige gebiede wat vloedgevoel het, het plaaslike regerings vloedopsporingstelsels geplaas om te help met die ontruiming van gebiede indien 'n vloed verwag word. In enige gebied is plaaslike media, stads- of provinsiale regerings en plaaslike inwoners die beste inligtingsbronne.

Die suidwestelike moeson (habagat) tussen laat Mei en begin Oktober die meeste reënval veroorsaak, en oorstromings kom soms voor, veral as 'n tifoon dit versterk. Die noordoostelike moesson (amihan) in Januarie tot Maart kan ook swaar reën meebring. Baie voertuie kan vassit in vloede wat vererger word deur hoogwater en verstopte dreinering.

Selfs gedurende die suidwestelike moesson kan die son die meeste van die tyd nog skyn, maar dit kan verstandig wees om 'n sambreel saam te neem, veral as daar gesien word dat daar wolkekruidwolke vorm. Oorweeg dubbeldoel-items; 'n hoed of sambreel kan beskerm teen die tropiese son sowel as teen reën.

Tifone

Tifone kom redelik algemeen voor, kom gewoonlik van die Stille Oseaan af, dwarsoor die dele van die land en beweeg dan na die vasteland van Asië. Swaar reën en sterk wind, wat gewoonlik saam voorkom, kan groot skade veroorsaak, en sekondêre gevolge soos stormstuwings aan die kus of grondstortings in die berge kan ook ernstig wees. Tyfone beslaan gewoonlik 'n wye gebied wat hele eilande of groot streke raak.

'N Tifoon het twee name in die Filippyne, een toegeken deur 'n internasionale agentskap vir weerkyk en 'n ander deur die Filippynse atmosfeer-, geofisiese en astronomiese dienste-administrasie of PAGASA. In 2013 het die tifoon met die sterkste wind wat ooit aangeteken is aan land, en die vernietigendste tropiese storm in die onlangse geskiedenis, byvoorbeeld in Samar en verskeie ander gebiede verwoes het; dit het internasionaal bekend gestaan ​​as 'Typhoon Haiyan' en 'Typhoon Yolanda' in die Filippyne.

Tifone is 'n bedreiging op land, maar daar is ook risiko's op see waar hulle 'n skip kan omval. Skepe en veerbote mag nie vaar sodra die tifoonwaarskuwingssein nr. 2 verhoog is nie. Wanneer 'n tifoon verwag word, dwaal u versigtig en kanselleer u reis.

Dikwels word vlugte ook gekanselleer vanweë die sterk wind wat deur tifone veroorsaak word. U wil dalk verbindingsvlugte met 'n paar dae uitmekaar skeduleer, sodat as u eerste vlug gekanselleer word, u 'n later vlug kan neem en steeds verbinding kan maak.

Tornado's

Die Filippyne het ook tornado’s (ipo-ipo of buhawi), hoewel hulle nie so gereeld en vernietigend is soos in die Verenigde State nie. 'N Mens kan sonder vroeë waarskuwing vorm, veral uit 'n eenvoudige donderstorm. Sommige is watersuiwerings, gevorm op see. Die meeste huise en geboue in die Filippyne is van beton gemaak, dus ernstige skade is beperk tot afgeskilde dakke, gebreekte vensters en klein puin. Makeshift-strukture is die geneigste om te beskadig, net soos hoe dit baie vatbaar is vir tifone.

Aardbewings en tsoenami's

Die Filippyne lê in 'n geologies onstabiele gebied tussen die kontinentale Eurasiese plaat en die onderliggende Filippynse seeplaat en is deel van die Stille Oseaanring van Vuur. Daar is 'n groot kans dat enige deel van die Filippyne deur aardbewings getref kan word.

Aardbewings (lindol) kom gereeld voor, maar die meeste van hulle is swak en selde waarneembaar, en sommige kan selfs tsoenami's veroorsaak (verduidelik hieronder verder). Die laaste groot een het op Oktober 2013 plaasgevind, toe 'n aardbewing die sterkte van 7,2 op die eiland getref het Bohol, huise vernietig, eeue oue kerke omvergewerp, meer as 200 doodgemaak en ook sommige strukture in die naburige omgewing beskadig Cebu provinsie. Baie geboue en strukture is nie volgens standaarde ontwerp of opgeknap om kragtige skuddings te weerstaan ​​nie, en die tydelike of substandaarde konstruksie bly 'n probleem.

Aardbewings kan oral in die Filippyne voorkom, maar die gebied met die grootste risiko is Metro Manila en Suid-Luzon, waar die Vallei-foutstelsel aanwesig is. Die West Valley Fault kan te eniger tyd beweeg en 'n aardbewing met 'n sterkte van 7,2 (die "Groot" genoem) veroorsaak wat ongeveer 100 000 sterftes en beserings kan veroorsaak. In die gebiede rondom die fout word gereelde aardbewingbore uitgevoer om te verseker dat mense in daardie gebiede voorbereid is in geval rampe sou plaasvind.

Tsoenami's is 'n groot risiko in kusgebiede. Alhoewel dit skaars is, wees bereid om kusgebiede te ontruim sodra 'n tsoenami binnekort gaan toeslaan. Die meeste kusgebiede is tsoenami-gebiede, veral gebiede wat in die loopgrawe van die see voorkom wat dit kan veroorsaak.

Vulkane

Vulkane kan 'n gevaar in die Filippyne wees as gevolg van sy ligging in die Ring of Fire, en die meeste gebiede is geneig tot vulkaniese uitbarstings. Daar is 50 vulkane in die Filippyne, en die helfte daarvan word as aktief geklassifiseer. Die laaste opvallende uitbarsting was die berg Pinatubo in 1991. Dit het as en lahar uitgespuug wat miljoene in die omliggende provinsies geraak het en 'n wêreldwye daling in temperatuur veroorsaak het. Mayon, in Albay, bekend vir sy perfekte kegel, is een van verskeie aktiewe vulkane wat 'n gevaar inhou met sy gereelde uitbarsting. Taalvulkaan in Batangas, die kleinste vulkaan ter wêreld, is ook gevaarlik as tekens van dreigende uitbarsting op sy calderameer verskyn.

Die mees aktiewe vulkane is ook toeristebestemmings, en reëls vir vulkaanveiligheid is van toepassing wanneer u stap om daar te klim. Let op die geskeduleerde roetesluitings wanneer vulkaanwaarskuwings opduik en moet nooit binne aangewese uitsluitingsones gaan nie.

Burgerlike konflik

Die Filippyne sukkel deur sy geskiedenis met opstandige groepe soos Islamitiese separatiste in Mindanao en kommuniste onder die Nuwe Volksleër (NVG).

Nie-noodsaaklike reis na westelike Mindanao, wat die insluit Sulu-eilandgroep, Zamboanga-skiereiland, en die vasteland provinsies van Bangsamoro, word ontmoedig omdat die veiligheidsituasie veel erger is as gevolg van terrorisme, seerowery en Islamitiese opstandighede. Terwyl die situasie ietwat verbeter het sedert die Marawi beleg en die 2019 volksraad, bomaanvalle en ontvoerings het sporadies in 2020 voortgeduur.

Die res van Mindanao bly veilig, maar sommige lande het steeds advies om reis na die res van die streek te ontmoedig weens geweldsmisdaad en terrorisme, en reisversekering of konsulêre hulp kan beperk word as u daarheen reis. Die yl bevolkte streek van Caraga (wat het Siargao eiland) is baie veiliger as die res van Mindanao, maar die oerwoud bevat ook kommunistiese rebelle en is ook een van die armste streke in die land.

Elders in die land is kommunistiese rebelle onder die New People's Army (NVG) 'n probleem in die binneland. Hulle het onwettige kontrolepunte langs landelike paaie opgestel en geld van verbygaande motoriste afpers, maar hulle steur nie gewone reisigers nie, en is meestal op busse en vragmotors gerig.

Terrorisme

Terroristiese dade wat op toeristebestemmings gerig is, is skaars, maar daar was in die verlede verskeie opspraakwekkende aanvalle, gewoonlik bomaanvalle, soos die Rizal-dagbomaanval in 2000, die SuperFerry-bomaanval in 2004, die Valentynsdag-bomaanval op 2005 en die Davao City-nagmark in 2016 bombardement. Sedertdien was daar geen groot bomaanval nie, behalwe vir sporadiese voorvalle in Mindanao. Alhoewel sekuriteit toenemend indringend was in die lig van hierdie voorvalle, met prosedures op lughawe-styl as u winkelsentrums, terminale vir openbare vervoer en dies meer betree, hoef u nie paranoïes te wees nie.

Bom grappies word beskou as 'n kriminele daad onder die Filippynse wet, strafbaar met 6 maande gevangenisstraf.

Politieke onrus en betogings

Demonstrasies en betogings kom algemeen voor en word dikwels gewelddadig. Die meeste byeenkomste vind plaas in Manila, veral Mendiola St naby Malacañang en Roxas Blvd naby die Amerikaanse ambassade. Moenie na 'n plek gaan waar protes gehou word nie. Daarbenewens buitelanders word verbied om by die betogings aan te sluit, wat strafbaar is met gevangenisstraf en deportasie.

Soms vervoerstakings, wat gewoonlik jeepneybestuurders betrek, kan sake regoor die land of selfs landwyd ontwrig. Wees bereid om in die stede te stap, 'n taxi of driewiel te neem of saam te ry om na u bestemming te kom. Busse word minder geraak deur stakings, maar hulle sal beperk wees omdat hulle passasiers wat deur die stakings geraak word, opneem.

Verkiesingsperiodes kan gewelddadig wees, veral in die provinsies wat minder besoek word. Daar sal baie kontrolepunte langs snelweë wees, en alkoholgebruik is gewoonlik verbode gedurende die dag van die verkiesing.

Vuurwapens

As 'n Amerikaanse koloniale nalatenskap het die Filippyne 'n sterk geweer kultuur en die mees toelaatbare wette oor eienaarskap van wapens in Asië, maar dit beteken nie dat u enige geweer vrylik vir enige doel na die land kan vervoer nie. Die Filippyne het streng wapenwette dat u 'n lisensie moet verkry om een ​​te besit, en die proses behels agtergrondkontroles, soos kriminele geskiedenis en geestesvermoë. A Toestemming om te vervoer is ook nodig as u 'n pistool of pistool saambring. Alle vuurwapens moet by die ingang en uitgang by die doeane verklaar word.

Bly gesond

Kos en drank

Drink die geredelik beskikbaar gebottelde water. Buko sap (klapperwater) is ook veilig as hulle nie plaaslike ys daarby gevoeg het nie. Wees versigtig vir buko sapverkopers, aangesien sommige verskaffers dit uit kraanwater, gemeng met suiker, skep. Koop en eet vrugte wat nog nie opgesny is nie. Gaar kos van a carinderia (buitekantine) is goed as daar vuur onder die potte is en die kos warm gehou word.

As u moet drink kraanwater (dit word gewoonlik in 'n klein tot medium plastieksak bedien / vervat), water in Manila, Cebu City en ander groot stede is gewoonlik OK, maar dit word aanbeveel dat u kraanwater minstens 5 minute kook om net veilig te wees. Drink elders gebottelde water. Daar is altyd die risiko dat u amoebiasis opdoen as u kraanwater op die platteland drink. Dit geld ook vir ys wat gewoonlik in drankies geplaas word, aangesien die wat op straat verkoop word, dikwels uit 'n blok gekap word en onder bedenklike omstandighede vervoer word.

Gebottelde water word die beste gekoop in winkels en beskutte eetplekke. Gebottelde water wat deur verkopers langs die pad en in busse verkoop word, is meer as waarskynlik gebruikte bottels gevul met kraanwater, verseël en dan afgekoel.

straatkos is nie so veilig om in die Filippyne te verbruik, en higiëniese standaarde word swak toegepas. Dit is beter om ook straatkos te eet pampalamig word in voedselhowe in winkelsentrums verkoop, waar higiëniese standaarde beter toegepas word.

Siektes

Dodelike wind? Nie alle Filippyne, veral diegene op die platteland, het die kiemteorie van siektes aanvaar nie; sommige mense sal eerder die oordrag van griepagtige siektes deur blootstelling aan die weer verduidelik. Sommige inwoners van die land verklaar sterftes weens griep of griepagtige siekte as gevolg van deurdrenking van reën gedurende die nat seisoen of blootstelling aan die koue briesie gedurende die koel seisoen. Voorkomende maatreëls sluit in dat die vensters heeltemal gesluit moet word wanneer u in plattelandse huise slaap of 'n oornagreis in 'n gewone bus neem. Algemene geneesmiddels is om mentol of ander kruie-olies te vryf, hilot (terapeutiese massering), of skete. In Tagalogsprekende streke, onheilspellend kan verwys na 'n volksiekte, soortgelyk aan die Indonesies angin duduk en die Koreaanse "fan death". Dit word veroorsaak deur koel lug van 'n elektriese waaier of lugversorger wat op u rug waai terwyl u sit. Lunod kan voorkom word deur geen elektriese waaier aan te skakel nie (of net die waaier se spoed tot die laagste te verlaag), die temperatuur van die lugversorger warmer te maak as die omgewingstemperatuur, of as u die lugversorger se lug in 'n lugversorgde bus sluit of heeltemal.

Amerikaanse CDC beveel aan dat 'n risiko van malaria bestaan ​​slegs in nie-stedelike gebiede onder 600 meter op die eilande Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro en Palawan. Die Visays is vry van Malaria. Chlorokien is nie meer 'n aanbevole malaria-voorkomende middel vir enige plek in die Filippyne nie, as gevolg van stamme wat bestand is teen hierdie middel. In die algemeen is malaria nie algemeen in die Filippyne in vergelyking met Afrika en die res van Suidoos-Asië nie, en ongeveer die helfte van die jaarlikse gevalle is op 'n paar diskrete plekke.

Knokkelkoorsis algemeen in die Filippyne en gevalle neem elke jaar toe, dus dit is raadsaam om aansoek te doen muskiet afweermiddels en dra, indien moontlik, langmouklere. Die enigste beskikbare entstof, Dengvaxia, is verban weens beweerde risiko's vir kinders, maar is in 2019 weer beskikbaar gestel vir diegene wat reeds aan die siekte blootgestel is.

Masels was ongewoon totdat 'n ernstige uitbraak vroeg in 2019 plaasgevind het. Dit word aanbeveel om ingeënt te word vir masels.

Hondsdolheid is ook algemeen onder straatdiere in die Filippyne, so neem 'n inenting vir hondsdolheid in as u dit nog nie gedoen het nie, en as u met kinders reis, moet u dit so spoedig moontlik inent, aangesien dit 'n groot risiko het om hondsdolheid te kry omdat dit geneig is om meer met diere te speel. Troeteldiere moet teen hondsdolheid ingeënt word voordat hulle na die land gebring word

Hepatitis A, B en C is endemies en algemeen in die land. Daar is inentings vir hepatitis A en B, wat aanbeveel word vir alle reisigers; daar is nog nie (middel 2015) 'n entstof teen C. Vermy kontak met ander mense se bloed en liggaamsvloeistowwe; die deel van naalde of selfs persoonlike versorgingsartikels soos skeermesse of tandeborsels vergemaklik die oordrag van beide hepatitis B en C. Hepatitis A kan deur besmette straatkos oorgedra word.

Japannese enkefalitis is algemeen, en inenting word aanbeveel. Vermy swem in varswaterareas waar u die grootste risiko loop om te kry skistosomiasis (tensy dit gechloreer word). Leptospirose word dikwels gekontrakteer deur ontspanningswateraktiwiteite, soos kajak, in besmette water.

Tuberkulose is baie algemeen op die platteland, so probeer om individue te vermy wat hoes of swak lyk en wees versigtig om te lank te bly in dorpe wat baie aansteeklik is.

Die griep en koud seisoen in die Filippyne loop deur die nat en koel seisoene. Daar was sporadiese uitbrake van voëlgriep (voëlgriep) en varkgriep, maar gekookte hoender of varkvleis moet oor die algemeen veilig wees om te eet. Om 'n chirurgiese masker in die openbaar te dra, word in die Filippyne normaal voor die COVID-19-pandemie, nie net om infeksie te voorkom nie, maar ook om u te beskerm teen lugbesoedeling in die strate.

Neem medisyne teen diarree saam, aangesien onhygiëniese toestande 'n groot risiko inhou reisiger se diarree. Gatorade of ander sportdrankies kan u verlig van vloeistofverlies. Drink gebottelde water as onseker is, en was altyd u hande.

Gesondheidssorg

Die gehalte van gesondheidsorg in die Filippyne wissel baie. Terwyl moderne hospitale en klinieke met goed opgeleide dokters beslis in die groot stede beskikbaar is, laat die gehalte van gesondheidsorg in kleiner stede en landelike gebiede veel te wense oor. Alhoewel Filippynse burgers gedek word deur 'n universele gesondheidsversekeringskema wat deur die regering gefinansier word, is hierdie skema nie beskikbaar vir buitelanders nie, en hospitale sal dikwels van u vereis om vooraf te betaal voordat hulle met die behandeling begin. Die oorgrote meerderheid Filippynse dokters en verpleegkundiges kan Engels praat, en baie het hul opleiding in die VSA ontvang, en dus is kommunikasie gewoonlik nie 'n probleem vir Engelssprekende buitelanders nie.

Openbare hospitale in die groot stede is gewoonlik van 'n ordentlike standaard, hoewel dit miskien nie so gemaklik is as wat Westerse uitgewekenes gewoond is om tuis te wees nie. Daarenteen bied private hospitale uitstekende sorgstandaarde, hoewel u 'n sterk premie vir hul dienste sal betaal. Desondanks word hulle steeds volgens die Westerse standaarde goedkoop, dus kies die meeste uitgewekenes, waar moontlik, privaat gesondheidsorg.

Seksuele oordraagbare siektes

Die Filippyne het een van die vinnigste groeiende aantal MIV gevalle wêreldwyd. Alhoewel die nasionale voorkoms van MIV 0,1% bly, was daar 'n toename van 174% in die voorkoms van MIV tussen 2010 en 2017.

Ander seksuele oordraagbare siektes kom meer voor as MIV. Daar is sosiale klinieke (SOS-klinieke) in die meeste munisipale gesondheidskantore in die Filippyne.

Hanteer

Elektrisiteit

Sien ook: Elektriese stelsels

Die meeste Filippynse huishoudings en hotelle gebruik Amerikaanse muurafsetpunte, maar daar is miskien geen grond nie, en baie plaaslike vervaardigingspunte kan ook twee stopproppe van Europa aanvaar. Adapters is beskikbaar in geriefswinkels en hardewarewinkels.

Elektrisiteit in die Filippyne word voorsien by 230 V by 60 Hz, maar Filippyne praat dikwels van 220 V, en sommige ouer geboue het 110 V-benodigdhede (bv. In die middestad) Baguio). As u 'n toestel het wat ontwerp is vir die 100-127 V-reeks, soos 'n haardroër of 'n skeermes, moet u dit deeglik nagaan, anders vernietig u u toestel uiteindelik in 'n Filippynse stopcontact (behalwe as dit een bedraad met 110 V is, as daar een is, moet duidelik gemerk wees).

Krag is 24 uur per dag in die meerderheid van die land beskikbaar, maar kragonderbrekings (of plaaslik "brownouts") kan onverwags plaasvind as gevolg van weer of skielike afsluitings / herstelwerk van kragstasies. Mindanao, wat vroeër meestal op waterkrag staatgemaak het, ondervind nie meer verduisterings ('roterende brownouts') gedurende die droë seisoen nie, maar kraglynsabotasie in die wilder dele van die streek kan steeds op enige tyd veroorsaak. Die beskikbaarheid van krag die hele dag op eilande buite die netwerk (bv. Palawan) hang af van waar die krag verkry word. As u in 'n hotel tuisgaan, moet u na borde "Geen verbruining" soek of die ontvangs vra as daar 'n kragopwekker is.

Toilette en badkamers

Sien ook: Toilette

Gewoonlik kom u Westerse sitstoeltoele in die Filippyne teë, maar hulle het miskien nie 'n spoeleenheid nie, veral nie op die platteland nie. Om die toilet te spoel, u boude of privaat te was of die vloer skoon te maak, moet u dalk op 'n emmer water en 'n onderdompel vertrou (taboe).

Netheid van toilette (gemakskamers, of eenvoudig gebel word CR) per plek, maar as 'n vuistreël is diegene in winkelsentrums en luukse hotelle die beste, terwyl diegene op die platteland verskriklik is. Toilette in kitskosrestaurante soos Jollibee, McDonald's en KFC, (of enige van die groot plaaslike restaurant- of kafee-kettings) en terminale vir openbare vervoer is miskien nie so skoon nie, afhangende van die ligging. Langafstandbusse moet 'n toilet aan boord hê, maar dit kan moeilik wees om te staan ​​as die voertuig beweeg, en busse wat deur China vervaardig word, het dalk toilette in plaas van die keramiek-trone waaraan Filippyne gewoond is.

Toiletpapier (of eenvoudig sneesdoekie) kan beskikbaar wees, maar gewoonlik gooi jy dit in 'n asblik langs die sitplek in plaas van op die bak, want toiletpapier kan klein rioolpype verstop. Dit word egter nie in openbare toilette voorsien nie, maar u moet pakkies koop van muntstukke-outomate, geriefswinkels of dwelmwinkels.

Sommige huishoudings kan pantoffels voorsien wanneer hulle na die badkamer gaan. Badkamers in Filippynse huise is dikwels beknop en nat, en die stort is gewoonlik nie los van die toilet nie.

Televisie en video

Televisie en video in die Filippyne gebruik NTSC (die Amerikaanse standaard). Die oorgang na digitale uitsending sal die Japannese ISDB-standaard teen 2023 inbring. Streekskode DVD's is streek 3 (Suidoos-Asië), hoewel feitlik alle Filippynse films streekvry is. DVD's wat verkoop word, kan in groot winkelsentrums gevind word, maar nagemaakte DVD's sonder streekkodering bly algemeen, veral in tiangges, en moet vermy word.

Televisiestasies saai gewoonlik in plaaslike tale uit en het gewoonlik 'n nuusuitsending elke vroeë aand. Vanaf 2020 is slegs GMA en TV5 die twee grootste plaaslike TV-stasies, nadat ABS-CBN gesluit is na 'n lisensie-kontroversie (hoewel hulle die meeste van hul programme in Oktober 2020 na 'n ander kanaal verskuif het). . Daar is ook baie Engels-vrye kanale, soos CNN Philippines, ETC en Net 25. Nuusgerigte TV-kanale sluit in GMA News TV, Aksyon TV en CNN Philippines, maar slegs CNN het 'n nuwe uitsending in Engels; die res uitgesaai in Tagalog of streektale. 24-uur TV-kanale is skaars; die meeste teken elke middernag tot 06:00 af, en gedurende die Heilige Week het plaaslike TV-kanale baie verskillende programme, wat gewoonlik herhalings van telenovelas en lewende godsdienstige dienste, soos die "sewe laaste woorde" (siete palabras) gedurende Goeie Vrydag.

Rook

Rook is 'n algemene tydverdryf in Filippyne, en word gereeld gekoppel aan geselsies en drankies. Ongeveer 25% van die Filippyne rook.

Sigarette (sigarieso, of in die omgangstaal, yosi) in die Filippyne goedkoop is. Byvoorbeeld, Marlboro gaan oor ₱80 vir 'n pak twintig in 'n supermark, ₱100 vroeg in 2018 in 'n kroeg of 'n geriefswinkel. Plaaslike handelsmerke is goedkoper (dikwels ₱50-60) en sigare is ook beskikbaar. Hoër belasting op sigarette en ander tabakprodukte maak dit egter geleidelik duurder. Baie sari-sari-winkels verkoop ook sigarette per stok, gewoonlik vir ₱4.

Dit is algemeen dat Filippyne rook terwyl hulle loop en dat groepe mense op 'n hoek staan ​​en rook, maar daar is streng rookverbod, met verskillende mate van toepassing. Rook is verbode in binnenshuise openbare plekke, openbare vervoer, restaurante, vulstasies en selfs in kroeë, behalwe in rookareas. Rook op plekke waar rook verbode is of in 'n rookvrye omgewing, kan 'n boete van tot ₱5000, maar dit word ietwat laks toegepas.

Die rook en vaping ouderdom is 18. Geriefswinkels en e-sigaretwinkels vereis dat klante 'n foto-ID moet gee, maar sari-sari winkels laat kinders en jeugdiges gewoonlik sigarette koop. Op sommige plekke, soos in Metro Manila, kan owerhede 'n winkel verbied om sigarette te verkoop vanweë die nabyheid aan 'n rookvrye gebied, en sulke winkels het plakkate in die winkelvenster geplak, wat gewoonlik sê Ang tindahang ito at bawal magtinda ng sigarilyo ("Hierdie winkel mag nie sigarette verkoop nie.").

Strate is gewoonlik besaai met sigaretstompies. Baie vullisblikke het geen asbakke of boude nie, dus kan u in die versoeking kom om dit op die sypaadjie, die straat of op die gras te gooi, wat brandgevaar kan inhou. Soek 'n asblik wat gemerk is om sigaretstompies toe te laat of bring 'n draagbare asbak as u buite rook.

Rookverbod word op verskeie stede en munisipaliteite opgelê, soos in Davao City, waar dit heeltemal verbied word. Tog is die handhawing van rookverbod wisselend. 'N Landwye rookverbod het in Mei 2017 in werking getree, wat verder beperk het waar mense kan rook. Selfs rook op sypaadjies word verbied, en daar moet van aangewese rookareas 'n afgeslote, geventileerde area wees. Ondanks die nuwe regulasie kom rookareas in die buitelug en rook op sypaadjies steeds voor.

In November 2019, 'n landwye vaping verbod van krag was; rookverbod kan ook tot vaping uitgebrei word.

Ambassades en konsulate

Baie lande het ambassades in Metro Manila en sommige het konsulate in Metro Cebu of Davao ook.

Plastiek

Dit word aangemoedig om 'n herbruikbare sak saam te neem wanneer u inkopies doen.

Fondsoorplasing

Pandjieswinkels kom algemeen in elke stad en dorp voor, maar dit word meer gebruik vir die oordrag van fondse as om items te verpand of te koop. Beide hulle en die talle Westerse Unie kantore hanteer oordragte van oorsee sowel as van binne die land. Buitelanders moet oppas vir swendelaars wat 'n geldoorplasing aanvra.

Respek

Filippynse name en aanspreekvorme Filippynse name is dieselfde as in die Weste, maar daar is eienaardighede: Vanne van sommige Filippyne is inheems maar word op Spaanse wyse gespel. Die meerderheid het egter Spaanse vanne wat tydens die Spaanse kolonisasie aan hulle opgelê is. Vir die Filippense-Chinese behou hulle hul Chinese familiename. Middelname het 'n ander definisie in die Filippyne, waar dit eerder verwys na die van van jou moeder, wat oorgedra word van die Spaanse gebruik om twee vanne te hê. Dit kan u verbaas as u vorms invul, maar dit kan maklik omgewerk word deur die middelnaam op die voornaamveld te plaas (Westerse "middelname" word ten minste deur die Filippynse burokrasie behandel as deel van die voornaam), of laat dit heeltemal uit. Byname is baie wisselvallig, en Filippyne kan meer as een bynaam hê wat afhangend van sosiale konteks. Hulle neem meestal die vorm aan van troeteldiervorms, voorletters, of net suiwer beskrywings wat kenmerkend is vir die betrokke persoon. Dit is die moeite werd om die persoon te vra watter bynaam hulle in 'n sekere konteks verkies. Moslem-Filippyne volg ook dieselfde naamstelsel as die meeste Filippyne, alhoewel baie hul name volgens die Arabies het voorname — vader se naam skema in plaas daarvan. Filippense Chinese het die voornaam – middelnaam – van skema, en baie wat na die 1970's gebore is, dra nie Chinese name nie; diegene wat dit doen, sal dit as 'n tweede voornaam laat opneem en agter die laaste naam soos in die Oostelike benoemingsformaat geskryf. Daar is baie formaliteite oor hoe om mense by name aan te spreek. Ouer mense wat jy nie goed ken nie, word beleefd aangespreek as Tito / Tita (vir mense ouer as jy) of Ate / Kuya (vir mense van dieselfde ouderdom of van rang) plus hul naam of bynaam. U kan aangespreek word as Ginoo (Mnr.), Ginang (Mev.) Of Binibini (Me.) In die mees formele situasies, alhoewel hul Engelse ekwivalente meer gereeld gebruik word. Die gebruik van beroepe as formele titels (byvoorbeeld argitek, ingenieur, professor, dokter, prokureur) is algemeen, iets wat andersins ongewoon sal wees vir die meeste Engelssprekendes. Spreek mense slegs op hul voornaam of bynaam aan as u hulle goed ken of ouer of hoër in posisie is. En laaste, maar nie die minste nie, ken jou "jy" s. Die meeste Filippynse tale onderskei informeel en formeel jy, gebruik dus die verkeerde vorm in die onvanpaste situasie - byvoorbeeld gebruik ikaw / ka om 'n senior aan te spreek - is onbeskof. Vergeet ook nie die ere-deeltjie nie po as u in Tagalog praat, alhoewel ander Filippynse tale ook hul ekwivalente kan hê.

Filippyne is gasvry en beleefd, maar kulturele norme verskil drasties van 'n groot deel van die Weste. 'N Groot deel van die Filippynse etiket leen uit die Oos-Asiatiese en Spaanse kultuur.

• Filippyne heg baie waarde aan hiya (hee-YUH ',' shame '), 'n konsep wat verband hou met die redding van gesig. Tensy u in 'n gesagsposisie verkeer, is dit gewoonlik 'n verleentheid om foute uit te wys, tensy dit privaat gedoen word. Geskille word dikwels opgelos deur 'n ooreenkoms tussen die twee partye.
• Die tempo van die lewe in die Filippyne is baie naby aan Suid-Europa, en Filippyne het 'n ontspanne houding teenoor stiptelikheid soos Spaans. Benadering "Filippynse tyd"met geduld;" modieus laat "is ook nie ongewoon nie en openbare vervoer hou gewoonlik nie by die rooster nie. Dit is nie van toepassing op sake- of formele vergaderings nie.
• Persoonlike spasie word minder aandag in die Filippyne gegee. Busse, jeepneys en treine word stampvol en druk en druk sonder om te sê verskoon my is algemeen.
• Sommige Engelse woorde wat verband hou met ras of etnisiteit wat tuis rassisties sal klink, hou miskien min of geen negatiewe konnotasie onder Filippyne in nie. "Negro / a" word steeds algemeen by swart mense gebruik (en het geen rassistiese konnotasies nie), terwyl mense van gemengde ras nog steeds in Engels "half-breed" genoem word. Soortgelyke terme in Filippynse tale klink dalk afhanklik, afhangende van die konteks. Wit mense word geroep puti (poo-TEH ',), maar sommige kan hulle selfs "Amerikaans", "Amerikano / a" of "Kano / a" noem, ongeag hul nasionaliteit.
• Volgens 'n peiling van Pew is die Filippyne die LGBT-verdraagsaamste land in Asië en daar is bekend dat Filippyne gasvry teenoor homo's is. LGBT-reisigers is veilig in die land, maar hulle moet nie te onduidelik wees nie: 'n paar wat in die openbaar liefde toon, kan plaaslike inwoners roer, meestal met mondelinge godslastering. Gevalle van homofobiese geweld of gay basking kom skaars voor, maar kom veral voor in konserwatiewe gesinne.
• Publieke vertoon van liefde word deur die meeste Filippyne sterk afgekeur. Vry word oor die algemeen gesien as skandalige gedrag, en as u by die polisie aangemeld word en gevang word, kan u 6 maande of 'n jaar tronkstraf opgelê word, plus boetes (en erger nog, deportasie). Kortom, moenie die Filippynse sensitiwiteit aanstoot gee deur in die openbaar te soen en te druk nie. Hou hande vasdaarenteen aanvaarbaar; baie Filippynse paartjies doen dit in die openbaar.
• Die eer van bejaardes is belangrik in die Filippynse kultuur. Ou mense kry voorkeur in sitplekke. Dit is beleefd om 'n ouer persoon te help om die straat oor te steek.
• Met die moontlike uitsondering van Moros, vertoon die meeste Filippyne 'n sterk kultuur van mans met vergunning vir vroue en machismo, 'n invloed uit die Spaanse kultuur. Dit word vir mans beleefd geag om 'n sitplek op te gee as hulle op openbare vervoer is. Min of meer openlike toon van manlike oorheersing in gesinne, hoewel dit minder algemeen word, kan nogal skrikwekkend wees. It is impolite to use strong language or speak loudly onto women.
• Class discrimination is common in Filipino culture. Foreigners or returning Filipinos from overseas are often perceived as rich. Bragging about your wealth or achievements is usually not appreciated.
• On certain times, the national anthem is played on public announcement systems in public locations like malls and cinemas (before any film starts), and everyone is required to rise and place the right hand on the left chest. You should do the same, lest you can get arrested and fined. Ignorance on local laws is not a good excuse either.

Dress

Filipinos are more modest than foreigners, and personal importance influences how you will be treated by people around. Filipino women are generally more modest, though that depends on location.

You must take off your shoes when entering homes, though foreigners may be given more slack to this. You can keep wearing your socks, but this is inadvisable in the muggy Philippine climate. The household may also provide slippers for used while inside the house or in the bathroom.

Modest clothing is advised especially outside touristy areas, and a few places may have local laws discouraging immodest dress. Except in churches, religious sites, government offices, and other places with written dress codes, Western casual wear is okay anywhere in the country. For women, short shorts and miniskirts, are fine, but it is more respectful to wear skirts, pants, or shorts that cover at least the knee. Sleeveless shirts (sando) or basketball jerseys are okay anywhere, but not in a church or office. Crop tops or low-cut tops are uncommon, and will make you stand out.

In the Muslim-majority provinces of the country, more modest dress is advised. Men are advised to wear pants and long-sleeved tops. Muslim Filipino women usually wear the hijab, but this is not required for visitors.

Business attire: For men, a long-sleeved collared shirt or suit is standard, though ties are often omitted, the collar button is usually not closed, and it's also possible to wear a short-sleeved collared shirt based on the Barong Tagalog in plaas daarvan. Women generally wear Western office attire.

Beachwear in the Philippines is conservative. Swimming trunks (for men) and swimsuits are standard, but bikinis are uncommon with Filipinas. Swimming with your top on is common, generally as a way to avoid sunburn, but this may not be allowed depending on pool rules.

Being topless or half-naked in public is illegal, and often associated with street thugs. Full nudity is also disapproved of and illegal in general, unless you're in a remote beach. Breastfeeding in public is legal, but uncommon with Filipinos.

Eating and drinking

Sien ook: Filipino cuisine#Respect

Many Filipinos value eating out as part of honoring guests and forming relationships. Except in formal venues, many Filipinos don't care about noisy conversation at the dining table. Restaurants are mostly cheerful venues, and loud conversation is frequent, especially when large families or groups eat.

Avoid using the left hand when eating by hand. The left hand is traditionally reserved for unhygienic activities, but the taboo is virtually non-existent outside of food in most of the Philippines; however, it applies to everything on Muslims, so watch out if you head inland in Muslim-majority parts of Mindanao or eat in Muslim Filipino restaurants anywhere in the country.

Younger Filipinos may choose splitting the bill (KKB, short of Tagalog kanya-kanyang bayad), but treating is the traditional Filipino way to go. People of higher position or status are generally expected to treat those lower: elder to younger, superior to subordinate, rich to poor, host to guest, and teacher to student.

Filipinos, perhaps with the exceptions of Muslims, enjoy drinking and being drunk, especially with local beer and wine. Drinking alcohol a lot is not necessarily bad, but excessive drunkenness is stigmatized as a weakness of soul.

Godsdiens

The Philippines is officially secular, but religion plays a major role in Filipino culture. Freedom of religion is enshrined in the constitution, but, blasphemy, meddling with religious activity, and comments critical of a certain religion remains a criminal act, punishable with 12 years in prison.

Agnostics or atheists are a tiny minority in this country, being around 0.02% in the 2015 census. Saying you don't believe in a God or question its existence will be happily shrugged off by Filipinos, with attempts to proselytize.

Filipinos take many superstitions and associated taboos seriously, especially in regards to spirits, luck, and mythological creatures; many Filipinos, even those not of Chinese ancestry, also observe Chinese cultural taboos, like fear of the number 4. Some superstitions specific to Filipino culture are:

• Eating chicken during New Year - A taboo by the Chinese, it is considered inauspicious to eat chicken during New Year, both the Gregorian and Chinese one.
• Haunted trees: Many people believe large trees, like banyans (balete) are inhabited by kapre (cigar-smoking giants); you can be haunted if you approach them without asking their permission.
• Nuno (goblins): It is polite to say tabi po nuno when passing near locations where nuno (goblins) lives; not doing so can cause sudden manifestation of unexplained illness.
• Usog: A greeting from a stranger to can bring unexplainable convulsions and fever, especially to a child; the curse is warded off by rubbing saliva to the child's abdomen.
• Wedding gowns: A taboo by Hokkien Chinese, it is inauspicious for the bride to wear her wedding gown the day before the wedding, otherwise, it will not happen.

Animal ethics and the environment

The Philippines has a thriving black market selling endangered species as pets or luxury souvenirs, and there are frequent raids on shops selling products from endangered species. Avoid buying rare pets, leather, feathers, dried sea creatures like starfish, fur and other products likely from illegal poachers. Customs take laws on endangered species seriously, and they may be confiscated at the airport.

Dog meat, especially asusena (a portmanteau of Tagalog aso and Spanish azucena) is best avoided for most reasons; you can find dog meat at restaurants in Benguet as traditional food by the Igorot people, but avoid it elsewhere. Slaughtered dogs may carry the deadly rabies virus, and can be a nasty experience if you get hospitalized.

It is also wise to avoid photo booths with animals, like snakes, as subjects, even in zoos. A tout will approach you, then you pose for a photo with the animal, an for after you pay an exorbitant fee. It is most likely the animal used is drugged and treated cruelly.

Sensitiewe kwessies

Filipinos are generally open to talk about politics, and are more than happy to talk about issues in the country with a smile, yet there are several topics that foreigners must tread carefully with.

• Filipinos are divided on their historical assessment of Ferdinand Marcos. While most of the people who came of age after the People Power Revolution have criticized the Marcos era as a dictatorship, with widespread censorship, political repression, and corruption, some older Filipinos support the Marcos regime, which they view as a time when the country was prosperous and stable, and prices of most goods lower. Never assume Filipinos have the same view about Marcos.
• Avoid talking about Rodrigo Duterte's War on Drugs, as many Filipinos have strong feelings, especially on foreign views, particularly on the alleged extrajudicial killings done by police and imprisonment of opposition figures such as Leila de Lima. The Duterte administration enjoy strong support from Filipinos; saying Duterte is a iron-fisted strongman oversimplifies things.
• The Spratly Islands territorial dispute is also a sensitive issue among Filipinos. Call the South China Sea "West Philippine Sea" while in the Philippines. Philippines—China relations is a sensitive issue, and anti-Chinese sentiment is on the rise, even before the COVID-19 pandemic. That said, this resentment generally does not affect Chinese Filipinos.
• Don't compare regions or provinces in relation to Manila or assume Filipinos behave like Manileños. Manila and its surrounding region only contains 12% of the Philippine population, culture and language differ drastically by region and province, and some people see the comparisons as if they are economically, culturally and politically subordinate to "Imperial Manila". Tagalog as the national language Filipino is a sensitive issue in the Visayas, especially Cebu; residual resentment to its promotion as the national language persists, and speaking in Tagalog may offend locals. Muslim Filipinos (Moros) consider themselves a separate national identity.

Culture shock

Like the Chinees, Filipinos also complain when foreigners who visit the Philippines the first time point out many of the oddities of Filipino behavior they consider rude or disgusting. It generally turns out foreigners are rather rude. This stems from culture shock, that foreigners notice Filipino customs and behaviors are extremely different from theirs, and they find it jarring, and the same goes with Filipinos as well. Filipinos are friendly, but not necessarily polite.

• Filipinos ignore or disobey rules they don't agree with, including laws. Here, the pasaway character comes to play. This includes aggressive driving, frequent smoking, and jaywalking.
• Filipinos also spit a lot, especially in the streets, and spitting with gulping noises in public restrooms is common. It is traditionally believed swallowing phlegm is unhealthy. While local governments are striving to curb down the habit to curb the spread of disease, it still persists to some degree in most places.
• It is just fine to pick your nose or use toothpicks at the dining table. Filipinos don't like having dried mucus hanging from the nose or have small food particles trapped between their teeth appear on their smiles.
• You might notice on your first arrival that many places in the Philippines are noisy, with loud conversations, blaring horns, constant construction, and ubiquitous megaphones and loudspeakers, from churches and storefronts to malls. In some regions, speaking loudly in a tone that can be taken for anger is normal. The ears of Filipinos have mostly adapted to the noise, so it's advisable you bring earphones or earplugs on trips.
• There is some tolerance toward running amok, even when it end ups as the murderous pagdidilim ng paningin. Some believe running amok is a way for men to escape hiya, especially when one loses a drunken fight.
• The concept of queueing/waiting in line (pila) introduced by the Japanese is not fully observed in the Philippines. Sometimes, it takes courage to be assertive, and make your way through lines, such as when taking public transit.
• While mostly proficient in English, Filipinos are curious when they see foreigners around. This manifests when one approaches you to practice their English, ask you questions about your country of origin, and even ask you for a picture. This is common in the countryside, but not in large cities or tourism hubs, where people would be used to see foreigners more frequently.

Verbind

Phone

• Nationwide emergency hotline: 911 (formerly 117) by voice or text message. These calls are automatically routed to the nearest emergency call center.
• Philippine Coast Guard Action Center: 63 2 527-3880
• National Poison Control: 63 2 524-1078
• Tourist hotline: 63 2 524-1728 and 524-1660
• Directory assistance: 187 or 114 (fee applies)
• Civil service complaint hotline: 8888

The international dialling prefix to make an overseas call from the Philippines is 00.

Phone numbers in the Philippines have the format 63 35 539-0605. Die landelike kode for the Philippines is 63. The next one, two or three digits are the area code, and the remaining 7 digits are the "local" part of the number that can be called from within that area without dialing the area code. You must dial "0" in front of the area code from outside that area code when still within the Philippines.

Most toll-free numbers cannot be called from outside Philippines but can be dialed using the format 1800-1855-0165 domestically.

The cheapest way to call to and from the Philippines is by using Internet telefonie (VoIP). There are several licensed VoIP providers in the Philippines. One of the most popular is Vodini Telecom.

Cellphones

Mobile numbers in the Philippines must always be dialed with all 11 digits (including a "0" prefixing the "8nn" or "9nn" within the Philippines), no matter where they are being called from. They can also be called within or outside the Philippines using the international format as listed in our Philippines articles

There are two major companies operating GSM 900/1800 networks: Globe en Slim. Your provider at home may have agreements with one of these providers so check with them before leaving home. Roaming may be quite expensive, but pre-paid SIM cards of these networks are easy to acquire and cost as little as ₱30 and provide a cheaper alternative. If your unit is locked to your home service provider, cellphone repair shops in malls can unlock them for ₱300 aan ₱2000. A complete prepaid kit with phone and SIM can be purchased for as little as ₱500. These phones are usually locked to a local network provider, and you would have to have it unlocked before leaving to use it elsewhere.

GSM mobile phones are in wide use all over the country. 3G technology is available through Globe and Smart, but is often not properly operational especially outside urban areas. The usual cost of an international long-distance call to the United States, Europe or other major countries is US$0.40 per minute. Local calls range from ₱6.50 per minute for prepaid calls; you won't be charged for incoming calls. Text messages typically cost as little as ₱1. International SMS costs ₱15-25. Plans for unlimited call and SMS are offered by the networks are but are usually restricted to those made to parties within the same network.

Reloading (i.e. recharging or topping-up) prepaid SIMs is a breeze. Electronic Load (E-Load) stations are everywhere from small corner stores to the large malls. You can purchase pre-paid cards which are available in denominations of ₱100, ₱300 en ₱500.

Pay phones are very hard to find. Phone cards are usually sold by shops which sell cellphone pre-paid loads and cards. Phone cards of one company can not be used with the other company's card-operated phones.

Internet

Sien ook: toegang tot die internet

Internet access at broadband speeds are plentiful in city malls, much less so outside the cities, but are growing at a rapid pace. Internet prices depend primarily on where you surf and the medium used (e.g. Wi-Fi or wired). Internet services offered by hotels and shopping malls are expensive and can go up to ₱200/hour but neighborhood cafes can be as cheap as ₱10/hour. Public Wi-Fi services in the Philippines provided by Airborneaccess.net and WiZ are likely to cost ₱100 for up to an hour. An internet cafe chain in SM malls called "Netopia" has a land line internet connection for around ₱20 an hour. Starbucks, Seattle's Best Coffee, and malls usually carry Wi-Fi service and some are free to use. The SM and Ayala chain of malls also offer free Wi-Fi anywhere in the mall. On several government-owned public areas, like parks, free Wi-Fi had been implemented, but signal strength fluctuates.

A mobile broadband modem with service by Globe, Smart or Sun starts at ₱995. Mobile broadband signals vary depending on the available infrastructure. Smart has the largest network in the country, followed by Globe, and then Sun. It takes up to 24 hours for internet to be available on a new SIM card. Mobile broadband comes in postpaid and prepaid variants. Modems and subscriptions are available in the larger cities. Service can cost as little as ₱20 an hour. Service is usually slower in the evening.

Cybercriminals may exploit public Wi-Fi networks to steal private information. Avoid using Wi-Fi to do online transactions, especially bank transactions. If it's unavoidable, remember to forget the public Wi-Fi network after using, so that cybercriminals will find it difficult to track you. Using a VPN is also advisable.

Internet cafes (kompyuteran, aka computer shops in Philippine English) are no longer important establishments to access the Internet. Most new Internet cafés are small coin-operated pisonet, common in residential settings, but larger ones such as the Netopia and Mineski Infinity chains, which are aimed toward online gamers, still exist. It costs ₱1 per 5 minutes on a "pisonet", and ₱20/hour and up on larger ones. Many also offer printing and photocopying for a small fee (usually ₱5).

Pos

In order to send items via post, you must visit a post office and present your items to a teller as there are no postage boxes. Check out the Philippine Postal Corporation's (PHLPOST) website to find the post offices that serve your destination. Alternatively, you may be able to ask your hotel's staff to send your posts together with theirs, and in some provinces, some stationery stores also offer to sell postage stamps and receive posts.

Apart from the Philippine postal service, FedEx, UPS, and DHL courier services are also available. Local couriers such as LBC and Aboitiz are also available. Postal mail from abroad is often lost, so don't send anything valuable.

Koerante

English newspapers are available throughout the Philippines and there are also some Japanese and Chinese language options. Die Daily Tribune, Malaya, Manila Standard, Manila Bulletin, Business World, Philippine Star, Philippine Daily Inquirer en Visayan Daily Star are some of the English language newspapers, mostly broadsheets.

Tabloid newspapers are mostly local-language ones, usually Tagalog/Filipino (but may be another local language in regional tabloids), but a few are published in English, such as People's Journal en People's Journal Tonight (the latter, however, has some news written in Tagalog).

Some restaurants offer newspapers for free reading, but only within their premises. Newspapers are mostly sold by street vendors, but in malls they are sold on newsstands. In public markets, newspapers are typically sold in general merchandise stores along with common groceries.

Gaan volgende

• Sabah - a state in Malaysia on the island of Borneo
• Taiwan - a country north of Batanes, Philippines
• Northern Sulawesi - just south of Mindanao